scholarly journals Evaluation of the Genotoxic and Antigenotoxic Effects of Andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aublet) Oil and Nanoemulsion on Swiss Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Motta Melo ◽  
Maria Luiza Fascineli ◽  
Susana Suely Rodrigues Milhomem-Paixão ◽  
Cesar Koppe Grisolia ◽  
Alberdan Silva Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carapa Guianensis ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effects

The Carapa guianensis (andiroba) oil is commonly used by the Amazon population for medicinal purposes. The objective of this study was to determine the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of the andiroba oil (AO) and nanoemulsion (AN) using Swiss mice. Therefore, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test. The AO predominant compounds were oleic (39.13%), palmitic (33.22%), and linoleic (16.86%) acids. AN composition obeyed the surfactant/oil ratio of 0.69, and the Tween 80/Span 80 ratio was held at 0.9. Our results showed no cytotoxicity or genotoxicity in the mice treated with AO and AN alone. However, there was a significant reduction in the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) numbers in all groups treated with doxorubicin (DOX), including those pretreated with AO and AN. Thus, the samples tested did not protect against DOX. On the other hand, our results showed a large increase in micronucleus (MN) formation when the mice were treated with DOX alone; these numbers were reduced when the animals were pretreated with AO and AN. The results indicate a protective effect of andiroba on MN formation and show no evidence of genotoxicity in mice.

scholarly journals An evaluation, using the comet assay and the micronucleus test, of the antigenotoxic effects of chlorophyll b in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 725 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Mara Serpeloni ◽  
Denise Grotto ◽  
Alexandre Ferro Aissa ◽  
Adriana Zerlotti Mercadante ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Pires Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effects

scholarly journals Evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects after acute and subacute treatments with açai pulp (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) on mice using the erythrocytes micronucleus test and the comet assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 695 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Carvalho Ribeiro ◽  
Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes ◽  
Alexandre Ferro Aissa ◽  
Joana D’arc Castania Darin ◽  
Veridiana Vera De Rosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effects ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HYDROPHILICITY SURFACTANTS TOWARD CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO TRANSFERSOMES PENETRATION IN GELS USING FRANZ DIFFUSION TEST

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiranti Anggraini ◽  
Erny Sagita ◽  
Iskandarsyah Iskandarsyah
Keyword(s):  
Tween 80 ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Solubility In Water ◽  
Characterization Result ◽  
Cumulative Amount ◽  
Span 80

Objective: Capsaicin is a bioactive compound with poor solubility in water. Transfersomes can increase the solubility and thus the penetration ofcapsaicin into the epidermis. Transfersomes also offer the advantage of being ultradeformable vesicles that are made using the thin layer hydrationmethod. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the hydrophilicity of surfactants on the characterization and in vitro penetrative ability ofcapsaicin transfersomes in gels using non-ionic surfactants with different hydrophile-lipophile balances, namely, Span 80, Tween 80, and a mixtureof Span 80, and Tween 80.Methods: The best characterization result for transfersomes is the formula using Tween 80. The total cumulative amount of capsaicin penetratedfrom the transfersome gel using Tween 80 is 1663.89±1.58 mg/cm2, the percentage is 57.96±0.05%, and the flux is 166.38±0.15 μg/cm2.hr−1.Results: In terms of the transfersome gel using a mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80, the cumulative amount of capsaicin penetrated is1539.8±21.23 μg/cm2, the percentage is 54.47±0.75%, and the flux is 153.98±2.12 μg/cm2.hr−1. Finally, from the transfersome gel using Span 80, thecumulative amount of capsaicin penetrated is 1395.10±7.23 mg/cm2, the percentage is 50.80±0.26%, and the flux is 139.51±0.72 mg/cm2.hr−1.Conclusions: The best characteristics resulted from the transfersome formulation using Tween 80, which demonstrated the highest entrapmentefficiency calculation result, the smallest particle size, the best deformability index, and the highest penetration when compared to the other twoformulations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the antioxidant activity and mutagenicity of Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.).

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-272
Author(s):  
Eduardo Júnior Serrão Pinto ◽  
Alan Bruno Aurélio Carneiro ◽  
Brenda Fernandes Conrado ◽  
Iago Luan Silveira da Silva ◽  
Gino Moreto Teramussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Group Water ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Antigenotoxic Effects

This study evaluated the antioxidant capacity and the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of the fixed oil of B. excelsa Bonpl. in peripheral blood of Swiss mice. For the antioxidant capacity, were used the β-carotene/linoleic acid and DPPH methods. In the genotoxicity assay, were used healthy, 6-7 week old male Swiss mice, and there were six animals per group. For the genotoxic test, animals were treated with different concentrations of B. excelsa (500, 1.000 and 2.000 mg/kg body weight bw) in 0.5 mL orally. For the antigenotoxic test, animals were treated with predetermined concentrations, followed by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (DXR 15 mg/kg bw) in 0.3 ml, in addition to the negative group (water) and dimethylsulfoxide (200 μL). Peripheral blood samples were collected 24 and 48 hours after the treatments. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) was obtained from the analysis of 2.000 MNPCEs/animal. After data analysis, the conclusion was that the fixed oil of B. excelsa showed excellent protective activity by the β-carotene/linoleic acid method, demonstrated absence of genotoxic effect, and significant antigenotoxic effect according to the protocols and treatments performed in this study.

An evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the anti-obesity drugs sibutramine and fenproporex

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano José da Silva ◽  
José Ernesto dos Santos ◽  
Catarina Satie Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives ◽  
Obesity Drugs

Anti-obesity medications deserve special considerations at the present time due to an increasing number of overweight and obese people who require these therapeutic alternatives. Obesity is positively associated with several chronic illnesses, including cancer. In this work, we evaluated the possible genotoxic and/or cytotoxic actions of two drugs, sibutramine and fenproporex, in the doses of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight (bw), administered intraperitoneally in male Swiss mice. The genotoxic effect was analyzed by comet assay and micronucleus test. We found that both drugs increased the frequency of genotoxic damage in Swiss mice, but did not present cytotoxic activities towards the polychromatic erythrocytes of the bone marrow of these animals.

scholarly journals Genotoxicity Assessment and Protective Effect of Anogeissus leiocarpus Roots against Cyclophosphamide-Induced DNA Damage In Vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Aku Enam Motto ◽  
Povi Lawson-Evi ◽  
Aboudoulatif Diallo ◽  
Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Anogeissus Leiocarpus ◽  
Marrow Cells

Background. Belonging to the family of Combretaceae, the roots of Anogeissus leiocarpus are traditionally used to treat diabetes, wounds, infections, pain, and gastrointestinal diseases. To our knowledge, no genotoxicity assessment of the plant was reported. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the potential genotoxic and protective effects of extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus roots using the micronucleus test on mice bone marrow cells in vivo. Methods. Three different concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 mg·kg−1) of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. leiocarpus were administered daily for 7 days per os to mice, and the genotoxicity was induced by the administration ip of cyclophosphamide. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated by counting, respectively, the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes in the bone marrow of mice. Results. The administration of A. leiocarpus did neither increase the ratio of the polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) nor the frequency of micronucleated PCE (MNPCE) significantly in the bone marrow cells of the mice, compared to the vehicle control animals. However, a significant increase in the incidence of MNPCE in the bone marrow cell of the cyclophosphamide-treated mice was found. Moreover, in the groups treated with the total extract of A. leiocarpus at different doses plus cyclophosphamide, there was a significant decrease p < 0.0001 in MNPCEs compared to the positive controls, in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion. This first finding reports that the extract of A. leiocarpus was neither genotoxic nor cytotoxic. However, it shows a protective effect against the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide.

Protective Effect of Boswellic Resin Against Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Induced by Aluminum Tetrachloride and D-Galactose (Experimental study in Mice)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zerrouki ◽  
N. Djebli ◽  
L. Gadouche ◽  
I. Erdogan Orhan ◽  
F. SezerSenol Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Octyl Acetate

Nowadays, because of the industrialization, a lot of contaminant were available ; the consequences of this availability are apparition of diseases including neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases of the human brain comprise a variety of disorders that affect an increasing percentage of the population. This study is based on the effect of the Boswellic resin, which is from a medicinal plant and known for its antioxidant effects on nerve cell damage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of the Boswellic resin on anticholinesterase activity and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) induced by D-galactose and aluminum tetrachloride in Swiss mice. Chemical composition of the resin essential oil was identified by the CG-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was also assessed by the DMPD and metal chelation methods. In order to understand the mechanism of memory improvement, the acetylcholinesterase, AChE, and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE, inhibitory assays were performed. In vivo part of the study was achieved on Swiss mice divided into four groups: control, AD model, treated AD, and treated control group. The identification of chemical composition by CG-MS reach the 89.67% of the total extract compounds presented some very important molecules (p-Cymene, n-Octyl acetate, α-Pinene…). The present study proves that Boswellic resin improves memory and learning in treated Alzheimer’s group, modulates the oxidative stress and be involved in the protective effect against amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration, and stimulates the immune system in mice’s brain.

DNA damage induced by coal dust, fly and bottom ash from coal combustion evaluated using the micronucleus test and comet assay in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher ◽  
Ana Letícia Hilario Garcia ◽  
Marcela Silva dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Cardoso Nicolau ◽  
Suziane Premoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Bottom Ash

scholarly journals Assessment of Cyto/Genotoxicity of Irinotecan in V79 Cells Using the Comet, Micronucleus, and Chromosome Aberration Assay

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilena Kašuba ◽  
Ružica Rozgaj ◽  
Marija Gamulin ◽  
Ivančica Trošić
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Topoisomerase I ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
V79 Cells ◽  
Chromosome Aberration Assay ◽  
Dependent Relation ◽  
Dose Dependent

Assessment of Cyto/Genotoxicity of Irinotecan in V79 Cells Using the Comet, Micronucleus, and Chromosome Aberration AssayIrinotecan is a topoisomerase I interactive agent, widely used in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. The genotoxic effects of the maximum single dose (18 μg mL-1), recommended monotherapy dose (9 μg mL-1), and recommended combined therapy dose (4.5 μg mL-1) of irinotecan were studied on V79 cells using the comet assay, chromosome aberration assay, and micronucleus test. The cells were treated with irinotecan for 2 h or 24 h. The statistical significance of the results was determined using the one-way ANOVA test and a nonparametric Mann Whitney U test. The comet assay did not show dose-dependent or time-dependent effects. The chromosome aberration analysis showed large DNA rearrangements, i.e., chromosome exchanges. Although the exposed cultures showed a significant increase in micronucleated cells in respect to control, no dose-dependent relation was established among the treated cultures. Time-dependent effect was also not observed.

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