scholarly journals Hepatitis E during Tocilizumab Therapy in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Case Report and Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Ikeuchi ◽  
Kana Koinuma ◽  
Masao Nakasatomi ◽  
Toru Sakairi ◽  
Yoriaki Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Viral Reactivation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Case ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts

Hepatitis E is an acute self-limiting disease caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV). Recent reports show that HEV can induce chronic hepatitis or be reactivated in immunocompromised hosts. We report a 63-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed hepatitis E during treatment with tocilizumab. Analysis of serially stocked serum samples confirmed that hepatitis was caused by primary infection with HEV and not by viral reactivation. Her liver function improved after discontinuing tocilizumab and remained within the normal range without reactivation of HEV for >5 years after restarting tocilizumab. We also reviewed the published cases of hepatitis E that developed during RA treatment.

Serological and molecular studies on subclinical hepatitis E virus infection using periodic serum samples obtained from healthy individuals

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Mitsui ◽  
Yukie Tsukamoto ◽  
Shigeru Suzuki ◽  
Chikao Yamazaki ◽  
Kazuo Masuko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Molecular Studies

Seroprevalence of the hepatitis E virus antibodies among blood donors in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bader Y Alhatlani ◽  
Waleed A Aljabr ◽  
Mohammed S Almarzouqi ◽  
Sami M Alhatlani ◽  
Rayan N Alzunaydi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Major Public Health Issue

Aim: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) transmission through blood transfusion is a major public health issue worldwide. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HEV in blood donors in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Materials & methods: Serum samples (n = 1078) were collected from volunteer blood donors and tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG and IgM by indirect ELISA. Results: The seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG among the blood donors was 5.7% overall. Anti-HEV IgG and IgM seropositivity were significantly higher in non-Saudi donors than in Saudi donors (22.1 vs 3 and 7.8 vs 0.2% for anti-HEV IgG and IgM, respectively). Conclusion: The seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors in the Qassim region was lower than previous estimates for other regions of the country and neighboring countries.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in chronic hepatitis C in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Bricks ◽  
Jorge Figueiredo Senise ◽  
Henrique Pott Junior ◽  
Giuliano Grandi ◽  
Amanda Passarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Chronic hepatitis E virus infection beyond transplantation or human immunodeficiency virus infection

Hepatology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1112-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Höner zu Siederdissen ◽  
Sven Pischke ◽  
Jerome Schlue ◽  
Katja Deterding ◽  
Timo Hellms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Comprehensive Molecular Approach for Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 Variants

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Dominik Harms ◽  
C. Patrick Papp ◽  
Sandra Niendorf ◽  
Sonja Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Pcr Targeting

ABSTRACT Autochthonous hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) infections in industrialized countries are more frequent than previously assumed. HEV-3 is zoonotic and the causal pathogen of chronic hepatitis E. According to the latest classification of the family Hepeviridae , 10 designated HEV-3 subtypes (HEV-3a to HEV-3j) and 7 unassigned HEV-3 subtypes are proposed. In order to identify and characterize the HEV-3 variants in circulation, we developed a molecular approach combining a sensitive HEV-specific real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) targeting the overlapping region of HEV ORF2 and ORF3 (the ORF2/3 region) and two newly designed consensus nested RT-PCRs targeting the HEV ORF1 and ORF2 genes, respectively. Since complete genome sequences are required for new HEV-3 subtype assignment, we implemented a straightforward approach for full-length HEV-3 genome amplification. Twenty-nine human serum samples and six human feces samples from chronic hepatitis E patients were selected for evaluation of the system. Viral loads ranged from 1 × 10 4 to 1.9 × 10 10 copies/ml of serum and from 1.8 × 10 4 to 1 × 10 12 copies/g of feces. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of partial ORF1 and ORF2 sequences showed that HEV strains had considerable genetic diversity and clustered into the HEV-3c (29/35), HEV-3e (2/35), HEV-3f (2/35), and unassigned HEV-3 (2/35) subtypes. Moreover, from these strains, three full-length HEV-3 genome sequences were generated and characterized. DE/15-0030 represents a typical HEV-3c strain (95.7% nucleotide identity to wbGER27), while DE/15-0031 and SW/16-0282 have <89.2% homology to known HEV-3 strains and are phylogenetically divergent, indicating novel HEV-3 subtypes. In summary, our approach will significantly facilitate the detection, quantification, and determination of HEV-3 strains and will thus help to improve molecular diagnostics and our knowledge of HEV diversity and evolution.

Ribavirin for Hepatitis E Virus Infection After Organ Transplantation: A Large European Retrospective Multicenter Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1204-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nassim Kamar ◽  
Florence Abravanel ◽  
Patrick Behrendt ◽  
Jörg Hofmann ◽  
Georges Phillippe Pageaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Solid Organ Transplant ◽  
Solid Organ

Abstract Background Ribavirin is currently recommended for treating chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. This retrospective European multicenter study aimed to assess the sustained virological response (SVR) in a large cohort of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with chronic HEV infection treated with ribavirin monotherapy (N = 255), to identify the predictive factors for SVR, and to evaluate the impact of HEV RNA mutations on virological response. Methods Data from 255 SOT recipients with chronic HEV infection from 30 European centers were analyzed. Ribavirin was given at the median dose of 600 (range, 29–1200) mg/day (mean, 8.6 ± 3.6 mg/kg/day) for a median duration of 3 (range, 0.25–18) months. Results After a first course of ribavirin, the SVR rate was 81.2%. It increased to 89.8% when some patients were offered a second course of ribavirin. An increased lymphocyte count at the initiation of therapy was a predictive factor for SVR, while poor hematological tolerance of ribavirin requiring its dose reduction (28%) and blood transfusion (15.7%) were associated with more relapse after ribavirin cessation. Pretreatment HEV polymerase mutations and de novo mutations under ribavirin did not have a negative impact on HEV clearance. Anemia was the main adverse event. Conclusions This large-scale retrospective study confirms that ribavirin is highly efficient for treating chronic HEV infection in SOT recipients and shows that the predominant HEV RNA polymerase mutations found in this study do not affect the rate of HEV clearance. This large-scale retrospective study that included 255 solid organ transplant recipients confirms that ribavirin is highly efficient for treating chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and shows that HEV RNA polymerase mutations do not play a role in HEV clearance.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Evaluation of Hepatitis E Serology and Molecular Testing in a Large Cohort

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Olympia E. Anastasiou ◽  
Viktoria Thodou ◽  
Annemarie Berger ◽  
Heiner Wedemeyer ◽  
Sandra Ciesek
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts ◽  
Time Point

Introduction: Reliable and cost-effective diagnostics for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection are necessary. The aim of our study was to investigate which diagnostic test is most accurate to detect HEV infection in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients in a real world setting. Patients and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 1165 patients tested for HEV antibodies and HEV PCR at the same time point. Clinical, laboratory and virological data were taken from patient charts. HEV IgA was measured in a subgroup of 185 patients. Results: HEV RNA was detectable in 61 patients (5.2%); most of them (n = 49, 80.3%/n = 43, 70.5%) were HEV IgM+ and IgG+; however, 12 patients (19.6%) were HEV RNA positive/HEV IgM negative and 17 patients (27.8%) were HEV RNA positive/HEV IgG negative. Ten HEV RNA positive patients (16.4%) had neither HEV IgG nor IgM antibodies. Importantly, all of them were immunosuppressed. HEV IgA testing was less sensitive than HEV IgM for HEV diagnosis. Conclusions: HEV infection can be overlooked in patients without HEV specific antibodies. Performing PCR is necessary to diagnose or exclude HEV infection in immunocompromised hosts. In immunocompetent patients, a screening based on HEV antibodies (IgG/IgM) is sufficient.

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