scholarly journals Personal Oral Infection Control, Low Birthweight, and Preterm Births in Appalachia West Virginia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Constance Wiener ◽  
Christopher Waters
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Powered Toothbrush

Introduction. Appalachia West Virginia has a higher prevalence of preterm and low birthweight babies than the US national prevalence. Many factors have been studied which are known to influence preterm births and low birthweight babies. There are limited interventions that are available to decrease the likelihood of preterm and low birthweight babies; however oral health and personal oral infection control may be helpful. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of limited personal oral infection control among pregnant West Virginia Appalachian women and poor birth outcomes (preterm and low birthweight babies). Methods. A secondary data analysis of data from the West Virginia Healthy Start Helping Appalachian Parents and Infants (HAPI) Project from 2005 to 2016 was conducted. The researchers determined the odds ratio of personal oral infection control with a powered toothbrush (use of the brush fewer than 13 times per week versus use of the brush 13 or more times per week) on poor birth outcomes. Results. There were 845 women who completed the oral health program within the HAPI project. In unadjusted logistic regression, women who used the powered toothbrush and brushed less frequently had greater odds of poor birth outcomes than women who brushed more frequently (odds ratio of 2.07 [1.18, 3.62] P = 0.011 for low birthweight babies; and an odds ratio of 1.78 [1.04, 3.02] P = 0.034 for preterm birth). The results remained positive but were no longer significant in adjusted analysis. Conclusion. There is a need to identify interventions that will benefit pregnant women so that their pregnancies result in healthy pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Relationship between the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and the Self-Efficacy Scale among Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Yuhei Matsuda ◽  
Masaaki Karino ◽  
Takahiro Kanno
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Functional Oral Intake Scale

A few studies have provided detailed reports suggesting that subjective swallowing disorders may be related to dysphagia. Therefore, we verified the relationship between oral health-related self-efficacy and dysphagia severity in cancer treatment using a cross-sectional study. Participants included patients undergoing treatment for cancer at Shimane University Hospital in Shimane, Japan, and those receiving outpatient treatment at the hospital’s Oral Care Center between August 2018 and April 2019. In all, 203 participants enrolled in the study and completed the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), the Self-efficacy Scale for Advanced Cancer (SEAC), and the Oral Health-related Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Cancer (OSEC). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the low FOIS score and the SEAC subscales of Activities of Daily Living Self-efficacy (ADE) (odds ratio 1.04, 95% [CI] 1.00–1.07) and Symptom Coping Self-efficacy (SCE) (odds ratio 0.61, 95% [CI] 0.42–0.88). Based on the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, the SEAC and the OSEC tended to increase as the category of the FOIS progressed. To conclude, self-efficacy played an important role in dysphagia and may affect the severity of dysphagia in cancer patients.

Knowledge of School-Going Adolescents About the Oral Effects of Tobacco Usage in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343
Author(s):  
Folake B. Lawal ◽  
Omotayo F. Fagbule
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Individual Knowledge ◽  
Tobacco Usage

Background The individual knowledge of the effects of tobacco usage on health plays an important role in its uptake. Tobacco consumption usually starts during adolescence, and lack of knowledge about the oral problems of tobacco usage probably plays a role in it. Aim To determine the knowledge of adolescents about the effect of tobacco usage on oral health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,465 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years who attended senior secondary schools in a major city in Nigeria. Data were obtained through a semistructured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS. Results The mean age of respondents was 15.2 (±1.4) years. Only 40 (2.7%) of them used tobacco at the time of study and 992 (67.7%) said that tobacco usage has effect(s) on oral health. The main effects mentioned were mouth odor: 338 (34.1%); teeth discoloration: 297 (29.9%); tooth decay: 138 (13.9%); damage to teeth: 72 (7.3%); lip discoloration: 39 (3.9%); and oral cancer: 11 (1.1%). It was found that female respondents (72.1%, odds ratio = 1.4, confidence interval = 1.1–1.7, p =  .005); those aged 12 to 15 years (73.6%, odds ratio = 2.0, confidence interval = 1.6–2.5, p < .001); and children of skilled workers (73.4%, odds ratio = 1.9, confidence interval = 1.2–3.0, p =  .008) were more likely to mention that tobacco has adverse effect(s) on oral health. Conclusion Although two thirds of the students knew that tobacco usage has effects on oral health, there were gross inadequacies in the knowledge and misconceptions about those effects.

scholarly journals Oral health information for Appalachia-West Virginia children: a cross-sectional analysis

Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Constance Wiener ◽  
Alcinda Trickett Shockey ◽  
Regina Wiener-Pla
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Self-Reported Oral Health Related Behaviour and Gum Bleeding of Adolescents in Slovakia in Relation to Socioeconomic Status of Their Parents: Cross-Sectional Study Based on Representative Data Collection

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2484
Author(s):  
Silvia Timková ◽  
Peter Kolarčik ◽  
Andrea Madarasová Gecková
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Variables ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Ratio Range

Background: Oral health strongly affects overall health and is related to many factors. The aim of our study was to analyse oral health related behaviours (OHRBs) and gum bleeding among Slovak adolescents and assess the effect of socioeconomic factors on the outcomes. Methods: Data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (HBSC) were used (N = 8896, age range = 10–16 years, M = 13.4; SD = 1.4; 50.9% boys). Sociodemographic and socioeconomic indicators and frequency of OHRBs (dental hygiene, toothbrush changing, preventive check-up) and gum bleeding were collected. Effects of sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables on outcome variables were analysed by binary logistic regression. Results: We found that prevalence of OHRBs slightly decreases with age, and worse outcomes were reported by boys compared to girls (OHRB odds ratio range 0.45–0.75, (95% C.I. range 0.40–0.91), gum bleeding 1.38 (95% C.I. 1.19–1.61), p < 0.05). OHRBs were in most cases significantly associated with socioeconomic variables, lower affluence predicts worse outcomes (odds ratio range 0.76–0.88 (95% C.I. range 0.68–0.96), p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study provides representative findings on ORHBs in Slovakia and shows important associations of socioeconomic factors related to adolescents’ oral health issues.

scholarly journals Relationship between the Functional Oral Intake Scale and Self-efficacy Scale among Patients with Cancer: A Cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhei Matsuda ◽  
Masaaki Karino ◽  
Takahiro Kanno
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Functional Oral Intake Scale

Abstract Background: A few studies suggest that self-efficacy pertaining to swallowing ability can lead to dysphagia. Therefore, this cross-sectional study verified the relationship between oral health-related self-efficacy and dysphagia severity during cancer treatment. Methods: Participants included patients undergoing treatment for cancer at Shimane University Hospital, Shimane, Japan, and those receiving outpatient treatment at the hospital’s Oral Care Center between August 2018 and April 2019. In all, 203 participants enrolled in the study and completed the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Self-efficacy Scale for Advanced Cancer (SEAC), and Oral Health-related Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Cancer (OSEC). Results: A multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the low FOIS score category and the SEAC subscales of Activities of Daily Living Self-efficacy (ADE) (odds ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.07) and Symptom Coping Self-efficacy (SCE) (odds ratio 0.61, 95% [CI] 0.42–0.88). Based on the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, the SEAC and OSEC scores tended to increase as the FOIS category progressed. Conclusion: These findings suggest that self-efficacy played an important role in dysphagia and it may affect the severity of dysphagia.

scholarly journals Maternal factors of newborn low birthweight in malaria endemic settings of Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa Lingani ◽  
Serge H. Zango ◽  
Innocent Valéa ◽  
Daniel Valia ◽  
Maïmouna Sanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy using sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) strategy is recommended to limit malaria adverse effects on birth outcomes. Ten year after IPTp-SP was adopted in Burkina Faso, we assessed the magnitude and maternal factors of low birthweight (LBW) in Nanoro.Methods. A secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional study was carried out in women who gave birth at Nanoro peripheral health centers using a binary multivariate logistic regression. Maternal socio-demographic factors, gyneco-obstetrical history and relevant medical characteristics were evaluated to identify associated factors. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. Of 291 delivery records examined, 14 % of women received three or more doses of SP while 80% used bed nets the night before their admission for delivery. Malaria was detected in 36.1% and anemia in 52.9% of women. The average neonate birthweight was 2933 g and 12 % were born with a low birthweight. By multivariate analysis, first delivery (OR = 8.84, [95% CI: 3.72-21.01]), and being multiparous with history of stillbirth (OR = 5.03, [95% CI: 1.54-16.40]) were significantly associated with an increased risk of LBW.Conclusion. LBW was still prevalent in rural Nanoro and the uptake of three or more doses of SP for the IPTp was low. In addition, to improving the coverage of the 3-dose IPTp-SP, it may be necessary to target interventions aiming to reduce maternal anemia such as adequate nutrients uptake to mitigate the issue of adverse birth outcomes.

Implications of Prenatal Exposure to the Spring 2011 Alabama and Missouri Tornadoes on Birth Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Christopher ◽  
Panagiota Kitsantas ◽  
Kiara K. Spooner ◽  
Joseph F. Robare ◽  
Dan Hanfling
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTObjectiveDespite emerging evidence of the detrimental effects of natural disasters on maternal and child health, little is known about exposure to tornadoes during the prenatal period and its impact on birth outcomes. We examined the relationship between prenatal exposure to the spring 2011 tornado outbreak in Alabama and Joplin (Missouri) and adverse birth outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional cohort study using the 2010-2012 linked infant births and deaths data set from the National Center for Health Statistics for tornado-affected counties in Alabama (n=126,453) and Missouri (Joplin, n=6,897). Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate associations between prenatal exposure to tornadoes and birth outcomes.ResultsPrenatal exposure to the tornado incidents did not influence birth weight outcomes. Women exposed to Alabama tornadoes were less likely to have a preterm birth compared to unexposed mothers (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.91, 0.96). Preterm births among Joplin-tornado exposed mothers were slightly higher (13%) compared with unexposed mothers (11.2%). Exposed mothers from Joplin were also more likely to have a cesarean section compared to their counterparts (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.26).ConclusionsWe found no association between tornado exposure and adverse birth weight and infant mortality rates. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure can amplify the odds for a cesarean section. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:279–286)

scholarly journals Baseline incidence of adverse birth outcomes and infant influenza and pertussis hospitalisations prior to the introduction of influenza and pertussis vaccination in pregnancy: a data linkage study of 78 382 mother–infant pairs, Northern Territory, Australia, 1994–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. McHugh ◽  
R.M. Andrews ◽  
B. Leckning ◽  
T. Snelling ◽  
M.J. Binks
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Baseline Incidence ◽  
Rate Ratios

Abstract We conducted probabilistic data linkage of three population datasets for the Northern Territory (NT), Australia, to describe the incidence of preterm births, stillbirths, low birthweight and small for gestational age (SGA) per 1000 NT births; and influenza and pertussis hospitalisations per 1 00 000 NT births in infants <7 months of age, in a pre-maternal vaccination era. The Perinatal Trends dataset (1994–2014) formed the cohort of 78 382 births. Aboriginal mother–infant pairs (37%) had disproportionately higher average annual rates (AR) for all adverse birth outcomes compared to their non-Aboriginal counterparts; rate ratios: preterm births 2.2 (AR 142.4 vs. 64.7); stillbirths 2.3 (AR 10.8 vs. 4.6); low birthweight 2.9 (AR 54 vs. 19); and SGA 1.7 (AR 187 vs. 111). Hospitalisation (2000–2015) and Immunisation Register datasets (1994–2015), showed that influenza hospitalisations (n = 53) and rates were 42.3 times higher in Aboriginal infants (AR 254 vs. 6); and that pertussis hospitalisations (n = 37) were 7.1 times higher in Aboriginal infants (AR 142.5 vs. 20.2) compared to non-Aboriginal infants. These baseline data are essential to assess the safety and effectiveness of influenza and pertussis vaccinations in pregnant women from the NT. Remote living Aboriginal women and infants stand to benefit the most from these vaccines.

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