scholarly journals Vision-Based Lane Departure Detection Using a Stacked Sparse Autoencoder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengcai Wang ◽  
Xiaojin Wang ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Guoxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Polar Angle ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
High Detection Rate ◽  
Softmax Classifier ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Sparse Autoencoder ◽  
Stacked Sparse Autoencoder

This paper presents a lane departure detection approach that utilizes a stacked sparse autoencoder (SSAE) for vehicles driving on motorways or similar roads. Image preprocessing techniques are successfully executed in the initialization procedure to obtain robust region-of-interest extraction parts. Lane detection operations based on Hough transform with a polar angle constraint and a matching algorithm are then implemented for two-lane boundary extraction. The slopes and intercepts of lines are obtained by converting the two lanes from polar to Cartesian space. Lateral offsets are also computed as an important step of feature extraction in the image pixel coordinate without any intrinsic or extrinsic camera parameter. Subsequently, a softmax classifier is designed with the proposed SSAE. The slopes and intercepts of lines and lateral offsets are the feature inputs. A greedy, layer-wise method is employed based on the inputs to pretrain the weights of the entire deep network. Fine-tuning is conducted to determine the global optimal parameters by simultaneously altering all layer parameters. The outputs are three detection labels. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach can detect lane departure robustly with a high detection rate. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated on several real images.

scholarly journals Breath analysis based early gastric cancer classification from deep stacked sparse autoencoder neural network

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aqeel Aslam ◽  
Cuili Xue ◽  
Yunsheng Chen ◽  
Amin Zhang ◽  
Manhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Cancer Classification ◽  
Unlabeled Data ◽  
Softmax Classifier ◽  
Sparse Autoencoder ◽  
Stacked Sparse Autoencoder

AbstractDeep learning is an emerging tool, which is regularly used for disease diagnosis in the medical field. A new research direction has been developed for the detection of early-stage gastric cancer. The computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems reduce the mortality rate due to their effectiveness. In this study, we proposed a new method for feature extraction using a stacked sparse autoencoder to extract the discriminative features from the unlabeled data of breath samples. A Softmax classifier was then integrated to the proposed method of feature extraction, to classify gastric cancer from the breath samples. Precisely, we identified fifty peaks in each spectrum to distinguish the EGC, AGC, and healthy persons. This CAD system reduces the distance between the input and output by learning the features and preserve the structure of the input data set of breath samples. The features were extracted from the unlabeled data of the breath samples. After the completion of unsupervised training, autoencoders with Softmax classifier were cascaded to develop a deep stacked sparse autoencoder neural network. In last, fine-tuning of the developed neural network was carried out with labeled training data to make the model more reliable and repeatable. The proposed deep stacked sparse autoencoder neural network architecture exhibits excellent results, with an overall accuracy of 98.7% for advanced gastric cancer classification and 97.3% for early gastric cancer detection using breath analysis. Moreover, the developed model produces an excellent result for recall, precision, and f score value, making it suitable for clinical application.

scholarly journals Research on Lane Detection Based on Global Search of Dynamic Region of Interest (DROI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Hu ◽  
Songsong Xiong ◽  
Yuqi Sun ◽  
Junlin Zha ◽  
Chunyun Fu
Keyword(s):  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Global Search ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Feature Points ◽  
The Road ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Polar Coordinate ◽  
Previous Frame ◽  
Lane Line

A novel lane detection approach, based on the dynamic region of interest (DROI) selection in the horizontal and vertical safety vision, is proposed to improve the accuracy of lane detection in this paper. The curvature of each point on the edge of the road and the maximum safe distance, which are solved by the lane line equation and vehicle speed data of the previous frame, are used to accurately select the DROI at the current moment. Next, the global search of DROI is applied to identify the lane line feature points. Subsequently, the discontinuous points are processed by interpolation. To fulfill fast and accurate matching of lane feature points and mathematical equations, the lane line is fitted in the polar coordinate equation. The proposed approach was verified by the Caltech database, under the premise of ensuring real-time performance. The accuracy rate was 99.21% which is superior to other mainstream methods described in the literature. Furthermore, to test the robustness of the proposed method, it was tested in 5683 frames of complicated real road pictures, and the positive detection rate was 99.07%.

scholarly journals Robust Lane Detection and Tracking Algorithm for Steering Assist Systems

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mihail-Alexandru Andrei ◽  
Costin-Anton Boiangiu ◽  
Nicolae Tarbă ◽  
Mihai-Lucian Voncilă
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Increase In Accuracy ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
Distinct Features

Modern vehicles rely on a multitude of sensors and cameras to both understand the environment around them and assist the driver in different situations. Lane detection is an overall process as it can be used in safety systems such as the lane departure warning system (LDWS). Lane detection may be used in steering assist systems, especially useful at night in the absence of light sources. Although developing such a system can be done simply by using global positioning system (GPS) maps, it is dependent on an internet connection or GPS signal, elements that may be absent in some locations. Because of this, such systems should also rely on computer vision algorithms. In this paper, we improve upon an existing lane detection method, by changing two distinct features, which in turn leads to better optimization and false lane marker rejection. We propose using a probabilistic Hough transform, instead of a regular one, as well as using a parallelogram region of interest (ROI), instead of a trapezoidal one. By using these two methods we obtain an increase in overall runtime of approximately 30%, as well as an increase in accuracy of up to 3%, compared to the original method.

scholarly journals Lane Detection and Lane Departure Warning System

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2212-2218
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Clustering And Classification ◽  
Canny Edge ◽  
Boundary Information

Lane detection is important for autonomous vehicles. For this reason, many approaches use lane boundary information to locate the vehicle inside the street, or to integrate GPS-based localization. Advanced driverassistance systems are developed to assist drivers in the driving process reducing road accidents. In this work, we present an end-to-end system for lane identification, clustering and classification, based on two cascaded neural networks, that runs in real-time. The first step is camera calibration which is used to remove the effect of lens distortion. Then a canny edge detection algorithm finds the edges of the images. Then the region of interest (ROI) is selected. The ROI is actually based on the rectangular shape appearing at the bottom of the image. ROI removes the unwanted region in the image. The potential lane markers are then determined using the Hough transform to analyze lane boundaries. Once the lane pixels are found, these pixels are continuously scanned to obtain the best linear regression analysis.It is qualified to be applied on highways and urban roadways. It also has been successfully verified in sunny, and rainy conditions for both day and night.

scholarly journals Improved Heart Disease Prediction Using Particle Swarm Optimization Based Stacked Sparse Autoencoder

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 2347
Author(s):  
Ibomoiye Domor Mienye ◽  
Yanxia Sun
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Feature Learning ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Softmax Classifier ◽  
Sparse Autoencoder ◽  
Stacked Sparse Autoencoder

Heart disease is the leading cause of death globally. The most common type of heart disease is coronary heart disease, which occurs when there is a build-up of plaque inside the arteries that supply blood to the heart, making blood circulation difficult. The prediction of heart disease is a challenge in clinical machine learning. Early detection of people at risk of the disease is vital in preventing its progression. This paper proposes a deep learning approach to achieve improved prediction of heart disease. An enhanced stacked sparse autoencoder network (SSAE) is developed to achieve efficient feature learning. The network consists of multiple sparse autoencoders and a softmax classifier. Additionally, in deep learning models, the algorithm’s parameters need to be optimized appropriately to obtain efficient performance. Hence, we propose a particle swarm optimization (PSO) based technique to tune the parameters of the stacked sparse autoencoder. The optimization by the PSO improves the feature learning and classification performance of the SSAE. Meanwhile, the multilayer architecture of autoencoders usually leads to internal covariate shift, a problem that affects the generalization ability of the network; hence, batch normalization is introduced to prevent this problem. The experimental results show that the proposed method effectively predicts heart disease by obtaining a classification accuracy of 0.973 and 0.961 on the Framingham and Cleveland heart disease datasets, respectively, thereby outperforming other machine learning methods and similar studies.

scholarly journals Robust and real-time multi-lane and single lane detection in Indian highway scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
A. Sai Hanuman ◽  
G. Prasanna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Detection Approach ◽  
Lane Line ◽  
Canny Edge

In the Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS), lane detection plays a vital role to avoid road accidents of an Autonomous vehicle. Also, autonomous vehicles should be able to navigate by themselves, in-order to do, it needs to understand its surrounding conditions like a human. So that vehicle can determine its path in streets and highways it can maintain lane manoeuvre. Also, It has become the most fundamental aspect to consider in current ADAS research. One of the major hurdles in self-driving vehicle research is identifying the curved lanes, multiple lanes with challenging light, and weather conditions, especially in Indian highway scenarios. As it is a vision-based lane detection approach we are using OpenCV library which consists of multiple algorithms like the optimization of canny edge detection to find out the edges, features of the lane and Hough Transform for lane line generation and apply on the particular region of interest.

scholarly journals Sparse Autoencoder-based Multi-head Deep Neural Networks for Machinery Fault Diagnostics with Detection of Novelties

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Yang ◽  
Dejan Gjorgjevikj ◽  
Jianyu Long ◽  
Yanyang Zi ◽  
Shaohui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Activation Function ◽  
Reconstruction Error ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Fault Diagnostics ◽  
Sparse Autoencoder

AbstractSupervised fault diagnosis typically assumes that all the types of machinery failures are known. However, in practice unknown types of defect, i.e., novelties, may occur, whose detection is a challenging task. In this paper, a novel fault diagnostic method is developed for both diagnostics and detection of novelties. To this end, a sparse autoencoder-based multi-head Deep Neural Network (DNN) is presented to jointly learn a shared encoding representation for both unsupervised reconstruction and supervised classification of the monitoring data. The detection of novelties is based on the reconstruction error. Moreover, the computational burden is reduced by directly training the multi-head DNN with rectified linear unit activation function, instead of performing the pre-training and fine-tuning phases required for classical DNNs. The addressed method is applied to a benchmark bearing case study and to experimental data acquired from a delta 3D printer. The results show that its performance is satisfactory both in detection of novelties and fault diagnosis, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. This research proposes a novel fault diagnostics method which can not only diagnose the known type of defect, but also detect unknown types of defects.

A Kalman filtering fuzzy logic algorithm for recognition of lane departure

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kai Ren
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Algorithm ◽  
The Road ◽  
Departure Decision ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Fusion Analysis

In all kinds of traffic accidents, the unconscious departure of the vehicle from the lane is one of the most important reasons leading to the occurrence of these accidents. In view of the specific problem of lane departure, a lane departure decision-making method is established without calibration relying on the Kalman filtering fuzzy logic algorithm, according to the characteristics of expressway lanes, based on the machine vision and hearing fusion analysis of lane departure, integrating the extraction of the linear lane line model and the region of interest (ROI) in this paper to judge the degree of vehicle departure from the lane by integrating the slope values of the 2 lane lines in the road image. The results show that the system has good lane recognition capabilities and accurate departure decision-making capabilities, and meet the lane departure warning requirements in the expressway environment.

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