scholarly journals Research on Indentation Rolling Resistance Based on Viscoelasticity of Cover Rubber under a Conveyor Belt

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Zhao ◽  
Wenjun Meng ◽  
Lidong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Maxwell Model ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Minimizing the power consumption of the belt conveyor is the common wish of all enterprises and even countries. Among all the resistances generated by the belt conveyor during the operation, the indentation rolling resistance accounts for the largest proportion and the power consumed is the largest. Therefore, accurately predicting and reducing the rolling resistance of indentation is the focus of current research. Firstly, based on the three-element Maxwell solid model, the dynamic loading experiments of cylindrical rubber made of conveyor belt cover material were carried out at different temperatures. The identification models of elastic moduli E2 and E3 and viscosity coefficient η2 in the three-element Maxwell model were obtained, and then the fitting functions of the three parameters were gotten, which can intuitively reflect the influence of temperature. Secondly, the mathematical model of the indentation rolling resistance was derived. The mathematical model is characterized by the direct parameters such as belt speed v, thickness of backing material h, the idler radius R, and the rubber viscoelastic parameters E2, E3, and η2 and the indirect parameters such as normal force P and temperature T. Afterwards, the effects of belt speed, normal force, temperature, idler radius, and thickness of underlay on the indentation rolling resistance were studied under different working conditions. After that, experimental testing and analysis were fulfilled using test equipment and compared with theoretical analysis results. The results prove that the theoretical results are basically consistent with the experimental results, in line with the actual engineering rules. Finally, the application of the results in practical engineering was analyzed superficially.

Investigation on influence of speed on rolling resistance of belt conveyor based on viscoelastic property of rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-267
Author(s):  
Lu Yan ◽  
Lin Fu-Yan
Keyword(s):  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Winkler Foundation ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Backing Material ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance ◽  
Belt Conveyors

Purpose As indentation rolling resistance accounts for the major part of the total resistance of belt conveyors, the purpose of this paper is to compute it using a proper method. Design/methodology/approach First, an approximate formula for computing indentation rolling resistance is offered. In this formula, a one-dimensional Winkler foundation and a three-parameter viscoelastic Maxwell solid model of the belt backing material are used to determine the resistance to the motion of a conveyor belt over idlers. The velocity of the belt is an important operating parameter in the working conditions of the belt conveyor. What is more, a set of experimental apparatus which can measure the value of indentation rolling resistance is designed. Findings With the help of the experimental apparatus, the authors obtained a series of measured data under different belt speeds. Finally, a computation example that is provided for a typical rubber compound backing material shows the comparison between measured results and theoretical results which offers the influence of speed on rolling resistance. Originality/value This study provides the design of an apparatus, and finds the relationship between belt speed and indentation rolling resistance.

scholarly journals Investigation on Influence of Speed on Rolling Resistance of Belt Conveyor Based on Viscoelastic Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Lu ◽  
Fu-Yan Lin ◽  
Yu-Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operating Parameter ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Winkler Foundation ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Application Study ◽  
Backing Material ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance ◽  
Theoretical Results

AbstractSince indentation rolling resistance accounts for the major part of total resistance of belt conveyor, it is important to compute it using a proper method, during the design and application study of the belt conveyor. Firstly, an approximate formula for computing the indentation rolling resistance is offered. In this formula, a one-dimensional Winkler foundation and a three-parameter viscoelastic Maxwell solid model of the belt backing material are used to determine the resistance to motion of a conveyor belt over idlers. The velocity of belt is an important operating parameter in the working conditions of the belt conveyor. What’s more, a set of experimental apparatus, which can measure the value of indentation rolling resistance is designed. Author obtains a series of measured data under the different belt speeds with the help of experimental apparatus. Finally, a computation example, that is provided for a typical rubber compound backing material, shows the comparison between the measured and the theoretical results, which offers the influence of speed on the rolling resistance.

scholarly journals Investigation on indentation rolling resistance of belt conveyor based on Hertz contact theory compared with one-dimensional Winkler foundation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781401878393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Contact Theory ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Winkler Foundation ◽  
Hertz Contact ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Hertz Contact Theory ◽  
Viscoelastic Theory ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance

Based on Hertz contact theory and one-dimensional Winkler foundation combination with viscoelastic theory, the author derived theoretical formulas of indentation rolling resistance, respectively. Using the laboratorial apparatus of indentation rolling resistance, the author mainly concentrates on the error analysis about two kinds of theoretical formula which bear on indentation rolling resistance compared with experimental result. The reason why author employs Hertz contact theory to discuss indentation rolling resistance is that indentation rolling resistance is a sort of contact resistance. As a result, Hertz contact theory is generally applicable to study it. On the other hand, because conveyor belt has viscoelastic property, it is appropriate to use viscoelastic theory by the aid of three-parameter Maxwell viscoelastic model combination with one-dimensional Winkler foundation. Ultimately, this article infers that theoretical formula based on the Hertz contact is brief and clear compared with one-dimensional Winkler foundation in principle. However, it is noticeable that when the belt is at high speed, the reliability of formula based on Hertz theory has decreased obviously. This conclusion can give a beneficial reference for the energy saving of belt conveyor.

scholarly journals Non-reloading coal transportation in the eastern inclined shaft of “Raspadskaya” mine

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Vadim Yurchenko ◽  
Valeriy Nesterov
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Drive Power ◽  
Belt Drives ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Drive Belt ◽  
Material Load ◽  
Belt Width

The planned increase in the mine output from 6.5 to 13.6 million tons per year has set the task of reconstructing a conveyor transport in the eastern inclined shaft of the Raspadskaya mine. The roadway length is 4100 m; the reduced inclination angle is +7°40´. An attempt was made to combine all the positive global practices in one project: the distribution of drive power along the length of a conveyor belt, minimizing the capital cost of implementation. Within the framework of this article, an approach to choosing the speed of a con-veyor belt is discussed, a comparative analysis of the two most com-mon types of intermediate “tripper-type” and “belt-to-belt” drives is given; calculation of a belt conveyor with intermediate “belt-to-belt” drives providing non-reloading conveying in the eastern inclined shaft. Pull force calculations showed that a conveyor belt with four interme-diate “belt-to-belt” drives can be implemented as follows: belt width – 1400 mm, belt speed – 4.0 m/s, mono-material load-carrying belt – PVG-4000, mono-material drive belt – PVG-1400, 2-pulley drive units when mounted on one side: head drive power – 2×1000 = 2000 kW, intermediate drive power – 2×1600 = 3200 kW. Thus, the use of a conveyor belt with four intermediate “belt-to-belt” drives in the in-clined shaft will give the following results: non-reloading transporta-tion over the entire length of the shaft, reducing the additional degra-dation of transported coal due to the exclusion of reloading points, minimizing costs through the use of less durable belts, minimizing costs of sinking an inclined shaft of a smaller cross-section.

scholarly journals Experimental tests of the impact of selected parameters on the indentation rolling resistances

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 00002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Woźniak ◽  
Lech Gładysiewicz ◽  
Martyna Konieczna
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance ◽  
Belt Conveyors ◽  
The Impact

Belt conveyors are main part of transporting systems in mines and in many other branches of industry. During conveyor belt works different types of resistances are generated. Indentation rolling resistance is the most significant component of the resistances from the perspective of energy losses and it cause the biggest costs as well. According to latest state of analyses and measurements it is well known that theoretical rolling resistance were underestimated in comparison with the measured in-situ one. In this paper new method for determination indentation rolling resistance is presented. The authors compared theoretically and experimentally established damping factors. The relation between these two values enabled to obtain more precise equation for damping function. This function is one of the most important component in calculation of the rolling resistance. In new theoretical model value of rolling resistance is nearly twice higher than this used so far.

scholarly journals Belt conveyor failure simulation at the design stage with transverse displacements of the belt

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 00056
Author(s):  
Vitalii Monastyrskyi ◽  
Serhii Monastyrskyi ◽  
Denis Nomerovskyi ◽  
Borys Mostovyi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Failure Simulation ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The Mathematical Model

To find possible conveyor failures at the design stage means to determine a transverse belt displacement and compare the obtained data with the permissible ones. The dynamic problem of the belt movement on the conveyor has been defined. Resistance and external forces, limits of the belt displacement have been determined. The transverse belt displacement can be described by partial differential equations. To solve the problem, the Fourier transform has been used. Change patterns in the transverse belt conveyor displacement dependent on conveyor’s parameters, type of load, and skewing of the idlers along the conveyor have been obtained. The results agree with experimental data. The method of adaptive control of the transverse belt displacement has been described. The essence of this method is to adapt the model of the moving belt in the conveying trough to changed conditions and to reveal the uncertainty of the control with the known parameters of the mathematical model.

Dynamic analysis of indentation rolling resistance of steel cord rubber conveyor belt

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 4037-4044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-yue Chen ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Ming-bo Piao ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
En-dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Steel Cord ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance

A Musculoskeletal Model of the Equine Forelimb for Determining Surface Stresses and Strains in the Humerus—Part II. Experimental Testing and Model Validation

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Pollock ◽  
Susan M. Stover ◽  
M. L. Hull ◽  
Larry D. Galuppo
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Stress Fracture ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Principal Strain ◽  
Longitudinal Strains ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Experimental Strains

The first objective of this study was to experimentally determine surface bone strain magnitudes and directions at the donor site for bone grafts, the site predisposed to stress fracture, the medial and cranial aspects of the transverse cross section corresponding to the stress fracture site, and the middle of the diaphysis of the humerus of a simplified in vitro laboratory preparation. The second objective was to determine whether computing strains solely in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the humerus in the mathematical model was inherently limited by comparing the strains measured along the longitudinal axis of the bone to the principal strain magnitudes and directions. The final objective was to determine whether the mathematical model formulated in Part I [Pollock et al., 2008, ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 130, p. 041006] is valid for determining the bone surface strains at the various locations on the humerus where experimentally measured longitudinal strains are comparable to principal strains. Triple rosette strain gauges were applied at four locations circumferentially on each of two cross sections of interest using a simplified in vitro laboratory preparation. The muscles included the biceps brachii muscle in addition to loaded shoulder muscles that were predicted active by the mathematical model. Strains from the middle grid of each rosette, aligned along the longitudinal axis of the humerus, were compared with calculated principal strain magnitudes and directions. The results indicated that calculating strains solely in the direction of the longitudinal axis is appropriate at six of eight locations. At the cranial and medial aspects of the middle of the diaphysis, the average minimum principal strain was not comparable to the average experimental longitudinal strain. Further analysis at the remaining six locations indicated that the mathematical model formulated in Part I predicts strains within ±2 standard deviations of experimental strains at four of these locations and predicts negligible strains at the remaining two locations, which is consistent with experimental strains. Experimentally determined longitudinal strains at the middle of the diaphysis of the humerus indicate that tensile strains occur at the cranial aspect and compressive strains occur at the caudal aspect while the horse is standing, which is useful for fracture fixation.

Mathematical Model for Determining the Lifetime of Conveyor Belts Depending on some Selected Parameters

2014 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Miriam Andrejiová ◽  
Anna Grinčová ◽  
Anna Pavlisková
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Paint Layer ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Layer Width ◽  
Conveyor Belts ◽  
Belt Conveyors ◽  
Transported Material ◽  
Optimal Construction

In the last years, belt conveyors belong to the most frequently used means of transport in various industries. The most important component of the belt conveyor is the conveyor belt. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention also to optimal lifetime of conveyor belts. Conveyor belt lifetime is a very complicated issue. It is affected by plenty of factors, including above all the quality structure of the belt conveyor, optimal construction, production, and properties of the conveyor belt as such, adequate solution of conveyance route shifting, reasonable maintenance, and quality repairs of conveyor belts. The paper deals with the exploring the lifetime of conveyor belts depending from on some selected parameters obtained from the operating records of practice (thickness of paint layer, width and length of the belt, conveyor speed and quantity of transported material) with using appropriate mathematical - statistical methods.

Analysis of Speed and Belt Deviation of the Conveyor Belt

2011 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 444-447
Author(s):  
Qiu Yi Chu ◽  
Guo Ying Meng ◽  
Xun Fan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Great Harm

Deviated belt will cause great harm, which will not only reduce its service life, but also will lead to the machine damage and personal casualty. This paper analyzes the reasons for belt deviation and establishes the mechanical model of a conveyor belt. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are adopted in this article to analyze and research the speed when the belt is deviated, obtain the relation between the transversal movement speed of belt and front offset angle of a idler, idler rotation speed and belt speed, and provide the deviation correction and prevention of belt conveyor with theoretical guidance.

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