scholarly journals Hygiene and Sanitation Practices and the Risk of Morbidity among Children 6–23 Months of Age in Kumbungu District, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusta Azupogo ◽  
Fadilatu Abdul-Rahaman ◽  
Beatrice Gyanteh ◽  
Ambrose Atosona
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background. Poor hygiene and sanitation (WASH) practices are characterised by the manifestation of disease and infections, notably diarrhoea and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among children. This study aimed to assess the influence of WASH practices on the occurrence of diarrhoea and RTIs among children 6–23 months of age. Methods. An analytical cross-sectional study design was conducted in June 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 300 mothers/caregivers with children aged 6–23 months from 9 communities in the Kumbungu District. We assessed the WASH practices, socio-demographic characteristics of the households and the occurrence of diarrhoea and RTIs among the children with a semi-structured questionnaire. The Hygiene Improvement Framework observational guide was adapted for household sanitation. Backward binary multiple logistic regression was used to determine the WASH practices that significantly predicted morbidity. Results. About 53% and 55.3% of the children reportedly experienced diarrhoea and RTIs, respectively, two weeks before the survey. Caregiver handwashing with soap after defecation [OR = 0.32 (95% C.I: 0.19, 0.52)] and before feeding [OR = 0.50 (95% C.I: 0.30, 0.84)] as well as washing the child’s hands with or without soap before feeding [OR = 0.21 (95% C.I: 0.04, 1.01)] were associated with lower odds of diarrhoea morbidity. The main determinants of RTI morbidity included caregiver handwashing with or without soap after defecation [OR = 0.29 (95% C.I: 0.10, 0.81)] and washing of the child’s hands with soap before feeding [OR = 0.60 (95% C.I: 0.37, 0.99)] However, we found no association between household sanitation and diarrhoea as well as RTI among the children. Conclusion. About a half each of the children had diarrhoea and RTI 2 weeks before the survey. The results emphasise the need for urgent targeting of handwashing and waste disposal programmes to avert the high burden of diarrhoea and RTIs among children.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic Profile and Morbidity Pattern among Population in selected Upazila Health Complex, Dhaka

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Sultana Begum ◽  
Meheruba Afrin ◽  
Afsana Sharmin ◽  
Ayesha Ferdaus Jesun ◽  
Anysar Rahman Hemal
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to reveal the morbidity pattern in the Medicine Outpatient Department of in Upazila Health Complex, Keranigonj, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from 1st December to 15th December 2019 with a sample size of 150 using interviewer administered semi -structured questionnaire employing purposive sampling technique. The study shows that about one third (32%) of the respondents belonged to the age group 16 to 30 years and only 3% were from age group 75 years and above, 55% of them were female, 95% were Muslim and 63% were married; 54.67% lived in semi paccha house and about 84% were literate. Regarding occupation, one third of the respondents were businessmen (33%) followed by services (26%); 76% of the respondents had monthly income more than 10,000 BDT. The study revealed that 97.33% of the respondents were suffering from illness due to diseases and among them 90% have investigation reports. It was found that loose motion (21%), fever (20%), abdominal pain (19.33%), cough (9%) and chest pain (7%) were the predominant complaints. Study showed gastroenteritis (20%), respiratory tract infections (16%), bronchial asthma (12%), and skin diseases (2%) were the illness diagnosed. Most (96.66%) of the respondents were satisfied with the service provided. The study findings highlights that most of the diseases are the preventable and chronic diseases and the service providers should prepare themselves understanding the needs and gaps to serve the community in appropriate manner.

scholarly journals Utilisation of healthcare services for respiratory tract infections in patients with and without diabetes in Qatar: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041761
Author(s):  
Nazmul Islam ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
M Fasihul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

ObjectivePeople with diabetes mellitus have a high risk of acquiring respiratory tract infections (RTIs), yet little is known about their utilisation of healthcare services compared with people without diabetes. This study aimed to compare the utilisation of healthcare services for RTIs between individuals with and without diabetes attending primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) in Qatar.DesignA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronic database of all individuals who had a diagnosis of RTI.SettingPHCCs in Qatar from July 2015 to December 2017.ParticipantsParticipants in the study were all adult individuals (aged ≥18 years) who visited the primary healthcare facilities and were diagnosed with an RTI during the study period.Primary and outcome measuresFor each participant, visits to the healthcare facility, antibiotic use and use of other medications were extracted from the electronic database and compared between participants with and without a diabetes diagnosis.ResultsA total of 32 857 participants were included, of whom 7407 (22.5%) had a diabetes diagnosis. Results from a negative binomial regression indicate that diabetes diagnosis was significantly associated with increased visits to the healthcare facility (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.10, 95% CI 1.076 to 1.134, p<0.001), antibiotic use (IRR 1.09, 95% CI 1.046 to 1.145, p<0.001) and use of other medications (IRR 1.11, 95% CI 1.078 to 1.143, p<0.001).ConclusionsA diabetes diagnosis among patients with RTI was associated with higher utilisation of healthcare services. Given the added costs to the healthcare system, prevention of diabetes will have additional benefits to the healthcare system, apart from diabetes-associated costs alone.

scholarly journals Characterization of rhinovirus/enterovirus complex infection in children living at high altitudes: A cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernández-Sarmiento Jaime ◽  
Corrales Silvia Catalina ◽  
Obando Evelyn ◽  
Amin Jennifer ◽  
Alirio Bastidas Goyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Inborn Errors Of Metabolism ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Viral Coinfection ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background: Respiratory tract infections caused by the rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) complex have traditionally been considered to be minor, self-limited infections in children, with few complications. There are no previous studies of patients living at high altitudes that characterize severe cases of this infection.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including patients from 1 month to 18 years old who had been hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections between October 2015 and December 2019, and had had a viral panel with RT-PCR during their hospitalization.Results: During the study period, 645 RT-PCRs were performed, with the two main etiological agents identified being RV/EV (224) and respiratory syncytial virus (68). The median age of patients with RV/EV complex was 27 months (IQR: 8-70), 55.8% were boys and the average length of hospital stay was 12 days (IQR: 6-24). Severe RV/EV complex infections required more transfers to intensive care (11% vs 47%), showed more viral coinfection (OR: 2.13,95%, 95%CI: 1.42-4.64) and had less bacterial coinfection (OR: 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31-0.98) than RSV infections, with no difference in mortality ( 2.4% vs. 2.1%, P:0.09). Post-transplant patients (OR: 3.35, 95%CI: 1.10-11.34) and those with comorbidities (OR: 3.97, 95%CI: 2.23-7.08) had the highest risk of RV/EV infection. The RV/EV group had a higher risk of presenting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR: 3.6, 95%CI: 1.07-12:18), especially in premature infants (p: 0.05; exp (B), 2.99; 95%CI= 1.01-8.82), those with heart disease (p: 0.047; exp(B), 2.99; 95%CI = 1.01-8.82) and those with inborn errors of metabolism (p: 0.032; exp (B), 5-01; 95%CI= 1.15-21.81). Conclusions: Respiratory infection due to RV/EV in children who live at high altitudes can frequently be severe, requiring management with intensive care therapy. When compared to RSV, this complex is more frequently associated with viral coinfection and the development of ARDS, especially in risk groups such as those with prematurity, heart disease or inborn errors of metabolism. It is important to see RV / EV as a virus that can have an unsatisfactory course as or more severe than that of other viruses that affect the respiratory tract in children.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Mothers Regarding 'Oral Rehydration Therapy' in Jammu Slums

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chander ◽  
Puja Vimesh ◽  
Shyam Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solution

BACKGROUND: Little information is available among mothers living in Jammu slums regarding oral rehydration therapy(ORT). OBJECTIVE: To study the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers regarding oral rehydration therapy during diarrhoeal episode in their children? STUDY DESIGN & SETTING : A cross-sectional study, conducted in slums of Jammu city. METHODS: A total of 750 mothers of children below 6 years of age suffering from diarrhoea were recruited for the study. The sample size was selected out of the total 3000 mothers of children suffering from diarrhoea by systematic random sampling technique. Mothers were contacted by house to house visits and in Anganwari centers. RESULTS: Most of the mothers got first information about oral rehydration solution(ORS) from health personals (68.8%) and 17.9% from mass-media. Majority considered it to be a home- made remedy of diarrhoea (40.5%).They were knowing some forms of home-available fluids. The first line of action of mothers at the onset of diarrhoea was to consult health personnels (58%). While 26.9% used ORS and the rest wanted it in combination with medicines. Only 12.54% and 22.33% mothers could prepare Sugar Salt Solution and ORS correctly, respectively. JMS 2012;15(2):111-14  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document