scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Mothers Regarding 'Oral Rehydration Therapy' in Jammu Slums

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chander ◽  
Puja Vimesh ◽  
Shyam Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solution

BACKGROUND: Little information is available among mothers living in Jammu slums regarding oral rehydration therapy(ORT). OBJECTIVE: To study the knowledge, attitude and practices of mothers regarding oral rehydration therapy during diarrhoeal episode in their children? STUDY DESIGN & SETTING : A cross-sectional study, conducted in slums of Jammu city. METHODS: A total of 750 mothers of children below 6 years of age suffering from diarrhoea were recruited for the study. The sample size was selected out of the total 3000 mothers of children suffering from diarrhoea by systematic random sampling technique. Mothers were contacted by house to house visits and in Anganwari centers. RESULTS: Most of the mothers got first information about oral rehydration solution(ORS) from health personals (68.8%) and 17.9% from mass-media. Majority considered it to be a home- made remedy of diarrhoea (40.5%).They were knowing some forms of home-available fluids. The first line of action of mothers at the onset of diarrhoea was to consult health personnels (58%). While 26.9% used ORS and the rest wanted it in combination with medicines. Only 12.54% and 22.33% mothers could prepare Sugar Salt Solution and ORS correctly, respectively. JMS 2012;15(2):111-14  

scholarly journals Hygiene and Sanitation Practices and the Risk of Morbidity among Children 6–23 Months of Age in Kumbungu District, Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusta Azupogo ◽  
Fadilatu Abdul-Rahaman ◽  
Beatrice Gyanteh ◽  
Ambrose Atosona
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background. Poor hygiene and sanitation (WASH) practices are characterised by the manifestation of disease and infections, notably diarrhoea and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among children. This study aimed to assess the influence of WASH practices on the occurrence of diarrhoea and RTIs among children 6–23 months of age. Methods. An analytical cross-sectional study design was conducted in June 2017. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select 300 mothers/caregivers with children aged 6–23 months from 9 communities in the Kumbungu District. We assessed the WASH practices, socio-demographic characteristics of the households and the occurrence of diarrhoea and RTIs among the children with a semi-structured questionnaire. The Hygiene Improvement Framework observational guide was adapted for household sanitation. Backward binary multiple logistic regression was used to determine the WASH practices that significantly predicted morbidity. Results. About 53% and 55.3% of the children reportedly experienced diarrhoea and RTIs, respectively, two weeks before the survey. Caregiver handwashing with soap after defecation [OR = 0.32 (95% C.I: 0.19, 0.52)] and before feeding [OR = 0.50 (95% C.I: 0.30, 0.84)] as well as washing the child’s hands with or without soap before feeding [OR = 0.21 (95% C.I: 0.04, 1.01)] were associated with lower odds of diarrhoea morbidity. The main determinants of RTI morbidity included caregiver handwashing with or without soap after defecation [OR = 0.29 (95% C.I: 0.10, 0.81)] and washing of the child’s hands with soap before feeding [OR = 0.60 (95% C.I: 0.37, 0.99)] However, we found no association between household sanitation and diarrhoea as well as RTI among the children. Conclusion. About a half each of the children had diarrhoea and RTI 2 weeks before the survey. The results emphasise the need for urgent targeting of handwashing and waste disposal programmes to avert the high burden of diarrhoea and RTIs among children.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of the Mothers and Doctors Regarding Feeding,

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tallat Seyal ◽  
Asif Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Oral Rehydration Therapy ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Common Observation

Introduction:  Since it’s a common observation that most cases of acute diarrhea are not managed according to WHO guidelines. Irrational use of drugs is a major problem of present day medical practice, as well as use of ORS is underesti-mated. The mothers /grand mothers reduce or stop feeding(except for breast feeding) do not know the importance of fluid therapy or ORS and cannot prepare ORS properly. This study was designed to know the exact situation. Objective:  To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of the mothers and doctors in acute diarrhea in children ≤ 5 years of age about feeding, preparation and use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) and drugs. Design:  Cross Sectional. Place and duration:  ORT corner of Pediatric OPD at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from May, 2007 to September, 2007. Patients and Methods:  Nine hundred and fifty children under 5 years of age having acute diarrhea were included in the study. Data was collected on a specified questionnaire by a doctor who entered the  required information after interviewing the mothers/grandmothers accompanying the children. The information was collected regarding use of ORS and who prescribed, or they already had knowledge that it should be given, how to prepare ORS, whether or not continued feeding and used drugs during current acute diarrhea episode. The data was entered and interpreted as frequency distribution. Results:  ORS was used (given) by only 464 (49.67%) of the mothers, out of which 125(27%) used it by their own know-ledge (through newspaper, television, told by neighbours or previous consultation by the doctor). 400 (42.82%) mothers knew about preparation of ORS. Feeding was continued by 697 (74.62%) of the mothers and 400 (42.82%) used drugs, prescribed by general practitioners, medical officers of government hospitals, few by paediatrician and self during acute diarrhea. Conclusion:  It is concluded that ORS was given by 49.67% of the mothers, 42.8% could prepare it properly, feeding was stopped/reduced/diluted by 25% of the mothers. Drugs were used in 42.82% of the cases. Diarrhea control programme needs to be reinforced to improve existing practices regarding management of acute diarrhea in children ≤ 5 years of age. Inappro-priate use of drugs during diarrhea should be discouraged. Key Words:  ORS(oral rehydration solution), acute diarrhea, ORT( oral rehydration therapy).

scholarly journals Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Adelekan ◽  
Philomena Omoregie ◽  
Elizabeth Edoni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
(MD
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

scholarly journals Identify the Causes of Absenteeism in Nurses Mayo Hospital Lahore Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Kanwal ◽  
Ghazala Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Riaz ◽  
Shoumaila Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minor Ailments ◽  
Usual Pattern

Absenteeism is a usual pattern of absence from a duty or responsibility. Usually, absenteeism is considered as an indication of person poor performance. In this study a descriptive cross sectional study design was used. A close ended questionnaire was used as a research tool. Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was analyzed on SPSS 20 version. Nurses are absent from their duties because they suffer from minor ailments e.g. headache and backache? In response of this question, 42.5% responded said that they are strongly agreed, 17.5% were agreed, 8.8% were neutral, 21.3% were disagreed, and 10% were strongly agreed. Nurses do absent from their work because workload is too heavy, 42.5% were agreed, 30% were strongly agreed, 12.5% were neutral,7.5% were disagreed and 7.5% were also strongly disagreed. The lack of appropriate recognition and reward could lead to dissatisfaction and absenteeism among nurses, in response of this question nurses asked that they do absent 31.3% agreed, 41.3% strongly agreed, 15.0% are neutral, 12.5%are disagreed and 0% are strongly disagreed. Staff absenteeism is a growing management concern. It can contribute to sickness absence, staffing instability, work overload and job dissatisfaction that could have a negative impact on patient care. The rate of absenteeism can be reduced by productive management, and loyal leadership. It will not only reduce absenteeism rate but also improve quality of care toward the patients. In return of good performance nurses need appraisal.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-2: 110-114

scholarly journals Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome among Booked and Unbooked Patients at tertiary Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1027-1030
Author(s):  
Shanti Sunuwar Subedi ◽  
Rakina Bhansakarya ◽  
Sajjan Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in booked and unbooked cases. Objectives: To assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in unbooked and booked patients. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from Augustti2019 to January 2020. Using a convenient sampling technique, 204 samples were taken and cross-sectional study was done. Results: There were total 204 cases in this study;102were booked and 102 were unbooked. In this study, 85(83%) of booked cases were educated up to secondary level as compared toti65 (64%) of unbooked cases. There was no significant difference in Apgar score in 1 and 5 minute between booked and unbooked cases. More babies in the unbooked group were transferred to NICU as compared to the booked group and the difference was significant (9.8%vs 1.9%). Greater proportion of booked cases had spontaneous vaginal delivery (81.3% vs 59.8%) and complications like preterm delivery, anemia, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, complicated labor and puerperal sepsis was also less in the booked group. Conclusions: The study showed that unbooked mothers and their newborns had higher chance of having complications.

scholarly journals Tobacco Use among Adolescents of a Public School of Kaski District

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Sailaja Sharma ◽  
Ratna Shila Banstola ◽  
Sakuntala Pageni
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: Tobacco is one of the proven risk factors, contributes substantially to the rising epidemic of non-communicable diseases. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and associated factors among adolescents of a selected public School in Kaski district. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted and data was collected with self-administered questionnaire from 168 respondents. Results: The prevalence of tobacco-use was 19.6 percent and mean age of initiation was13.84 years. The most common reasons for smoking were peer pressure (63.3%), imitation (27.3%), family influence (27.3%) and quest for new experience (21.2%). Tobacco-use was strongly associated with ethnicity (p=0.03), mother's education level (p=0.02), father's occupation (p=0.03), peer pressure (p=0.01) and friends smoking habit (p=0.03). Conclusion: Tobacco-focused interventions are required for school going adolescents to promote cessation among users and prevent its initiation.

scholarly journals Effect of Binocular Vision Problems on Childhood Academic Performance and Teachers' Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Hassan Alrasheed ◽  
Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Teachers Perspectives ◽  
Academic Record

Purpose:  To see the effect of binocular vision problems on childhood academic performance and to record the teacher's perspectives about childhood eye care in Khartoum State of Sudan. Place and Duration of Study:  A descriptive cross-sectional study done among the school going children in the Khartoum State of Sudan during the year 2018. Study Design:  Descriptive cross sectional study. Material and Methods:  Three hundred and forty (340) primary school children’s were recruited for study by convenient sampling technique during the academic year 2018. After relevant history, ocular examination was performed. It included visual acuity measurement, assessment of refractive errors and binocular function tests. Academic performance of the children was recorded from academic records of the children. Finally, the qualitative data was derived from teachers’ perspectives about childhood eye care. Results:  Mean age of the participants was 11.96 ± 1.63 years. The findings revealed that (78.6%) of children achieved poor academic performances with decompensated exophoria at near. 52.7% children with poor academic performances had weak positive fusion reserve at near P = 0.04. 37.2% of the poor performers had convergence insufficiency. Fort eight percent of females with ocular complaints achieved poor academic performances P = 0.034. With regard to teacher's perspectives about childhood eye care, 98.8%believed that the vision problems had effect on the academic record of the children. Seventy percent of the teachers reported that the students did not undergo eye examinations before joining school. Conclusion:  Convergence Insufficiency and weak positive fusional reserve at near has a significant effect on academic performances.

scholarly journals Perilaku Seksual Remaja SMA Negeri Se-Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Hastuti Marlina ◽  
Buchari Lapau ◽  
Ezalina .
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling

Perilaku seksual remaja merupakan segala bentuk tingkah laku yang didorong oleh hasrat seksual baik dengan lawan jenis maupun sesama jenis. Bentuk perilaku seksual remaja dimulai dari tingkat yang kurang intim sampai dengan yang paling intim (melakukan hubungan seksual). Remaja usia 15-24 tahun yang melakukan hubungan seksual sebanyak 66,55% secara global, 2,2% di Malaysia, 45% di Provinsi Riau dan 44,23% di Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktorfaktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja SMA Negeri Se-Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2012. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Sampel adalah 1000 orang remaja SMA Negeri Se-Kota Pekanbaru. Prosedur pengambilan sampel dengan cara systematic random sampling, pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi-square dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistic ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi remaja yang melakukan perilaku seksual berisiko sebanyak 280 orang (28%). Variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja adalah pengawasan orang tua (OR:115; 95%CI: 13,24-999, 72), mitos tentang seks (OR:12; 95%CI:2,61-57,32), gaya hidup (OR: 8; 95%CI: 1,35-47,46) dan jenis kelamin (OR: 0,2; 95%CI: 0,06-0,61), variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja adalah tempat tinggal selama bersekolah dan variabel yang lainnya merupakan counfounding dengan variabel dependen maupun independen. Sebaiknya diharapkan ada kerja sama institusi kesehatan dengan Dinas Pendidikan dalam hal memberikan penyuluhan baik itu kepada orang tua, guru dan remaja itu sendiri mengenai bahaya perilaku seksual, penyakit menular seksual, mitos tentang seks dan sebagainya.

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