scholarly journals High Bone Mineral Density of the Lumbar Spine Is Positively Associated with Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Larissa Vaz Gonçalves ◽  
Karine Anusca Martins ◽  
Jordana Carolina Marques Godinho-Mota ◽  
Raquel Machado Schincaglia ◽  
Ana Luisa Lima Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
High Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density

Objective. The objective of this study was to verify possible associations between bone mineral density (BMD) and breast cancer in recently diagnosed women in the Brazilian Mid-west region, considering the menopausal status of patients. Methods. A case-control study was conducted with 142 cases of breast cancer and 234 controls matched by for age, body mass index (BMI), and menopausal status (pre- and postmenopause), performed in a university hospital in the Brazilian Mid-west. Lumbar spine (L1–L4), femoral neck, and total femur BMD were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method. For association, a logistic regression analysis was used. Results. Women in the highest lumbar spine BMD quartile presented had a higher chance of developing breast cancer (OR = 2.31; 1.02–5.25; p = 0.045), after adjusting for the confounding variables. Nonetheless, there were no statistically significant differences in the association between pre- and postmenopause in that quartile and breast cancer. Conclusions. High lumbar spine BMD was positively associated with breast cancer in the total sample. In evaluating the BMD of the femoral neck and total femur, such an association was not observed.

scholarly journals Differences in Bone Mineral Density between Adult Vegetarians and Nonvegetarians Become Marginal when Accounting for Differences in Anthropometric Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nena Karavasiloglou ◽  
Eliska Selinger ◽  
Jan Gojda ◽  
Sabine Rohrmann ◽  
Tilman Kühn
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Race Ethnicity

ABSTRACT Background Persons following plant-based diets have lower bone mineral density (BMD) and higher fracture risk, possibly due to suboptimal nutrient supply. However, anthropometric measures were not considered as potential confounders in many previous studies, and body mass index (BMI) is positively associated with BMD but also generally lower among vegans and vegetarians. Objectives Our objective was to investigate if BMD measurements differ between vegetarians and nonvegetarians from the adult general population when accounting for important determinants of BMD, especially BMI and waist circumference. Methods Using data from the NHANES (cycles 2007–2008 and 2009–2010), we evaluated the differences in BMD (femoral neck, total femoral, and total lumbar spine) between adult vegetarians and nonvegetarians. Linear regression models were used to determine the associations between BMD and diet. Statistical models were adjusted for important factors, i.e., age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, serum vitamin D and calcium concentrations, waist circumference, and BMI. Results In statistical models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, menopausal status, and education level, BMD values were significantly lower among vegetarians than among nonvegetarians (P < 0.001). These differences were attenuated upon adjustment for lifestyle factors, and became statistically nonsignificant upon adjustment for anthropometric variables (BMI and waist circumference) for femoral neck (0.77 compared with 0.79 g/cm2 among vegetarians versus nonvegetarians, P = 0.10) and total femoral BMD (0.88 compared with 0.90 g/cm2, P = 0.12). A small but statistically significant difference remained for total lumbar spine BMD (1.01 compared with 1.04 g/cm2, P = 0.005). Conclusions These findings suggest that lower BMD among adult vegetarians is in larger parts explained by lower BMI and waist circumference.

scholarly journals Is there an association of bone mineral density and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal Saudi women?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
High Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
T Score ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Several studies revealed an association between high bone mineral density (BMD) and the increased risk for developing breast cancer (BC). Aim: Explore if there is an association between BMD and BC risk in postmenopausal Saudi (PMS) women. Material and Method: In a retrospective cohort study of 1145 PMS women age range from 46 – 85 year (mean = 55 year). The average time period of menopause 4 years.We reviewed BMD of all patients performed between October 2012 and November 2018. All patients had BMD measurements of lumbar spine L2-L4 and right femoral neck in gm/cm². Results: The T-score was used for analysis of the results. Among the total patient studied 195 (17%) were found to have BC group 1 (G1) while 950 (93%) without BC group 2(G2). Analysis of lumbar spine T-score in G1 showed that: 29 % had osteoporosis, 37% osteopenia and 34% had normal BMD and in G2 40% had osteoporosis, 31% osteopenia and 29 had normal values. Results showed prevalence of osteoporosis in G1 was significantly lower than in G2 (p =0.002) while there was no significant difference between the two groups with osteopenia and normal BMD results (p = 0.06 and 0.205 respectively). Conclusion: PMS women with BC had higher BMD at time of diagnosis compared to their counterpart without BC.

The effect of anastrozole on bone mineral density during the first 5 years of adjuvant treatment in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e11604-e11604
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Inoue ◽  
Akira Hirano ◽  
Kaoru Ogura ◽  
Akinori Hattori ◽  
Mari Kamimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Alendronate Treatment

e11604 Background: Adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitors (AI) is associated with increased bone loss in postmenopausal women. We assessed changes in bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline to 60 months of treatment in patients receiving anastrozole (ANA) as initial adjuvant therapy with/without oral bisphosphonates (Bis). Methods: Postmenopausal women with endocrine responsive breast cancer receiving ANA as adjuvant therapy at our hospital since 2004 were enrolled in this study. BMD was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months. Oral Bis (risedronate or alendronate) treatment was initiated when patients were diagnosed as having osteoporosis with a T-score of -2.5 or lower. Results: Fifty-seven patients were enrolled in the study between 2004 and 2011. Patients’ median age was 65 years (range 50~85) and the median follow-up period was 46.3 months (9.6~83.8). Thirty-five patients were administered Bis (risedronate in 27 patients, alendronate in 8 patients). Within 6 months of hormone therapy, BMD decreased by 0.3% from baseline at the lumbar spine and BMD decreased by 1.2% at the femoral neck. However, BMD increased by 2.8% at the lumbar spine and BMD decreased 0.5% at the femoral neck for 60 months of treatment. In patients treated with upfront Bis (n=24), 4.9% BMD increase from baseline was noted at the lumbar spine whereas in those without Bis (n=20) BMD decreased by 4.6% from baseline within 24 months (p=0.0002). Fractures were observed in 4 patients (7.0%), and 1 patient (1.8%) had fragility fracture. Conclusions: Oral Bis prevented ANA-induced bone loss, and upfront treatment of Bis significantly increased BMD at the lumber spine.

scholarly journals Dairy Intake Is Not Associated with Improvements in Bone Mineral Density or Risk of Fractures Across the Menopause Transition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1500-1500
Author(s):  
Taylor Wallace ◽  
Shinyoung Jun ◽  
Peishan Zou ◽  
Connie Weaver ◽  
Regan L Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral Density Loss ◽  
Dairy Intake ◽  
Menopause Transition

Abstract Objectives Menopause represents a period in which bone deterioration is accelerated; thus, primary prevention strategies to address age-related bone loss are crucial. Dairy products contain more than a dozen essential nutrients, including calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and high-quality protein, as well as bioactive compounds that may promote bone mineralization. However, the relationship between dairy consumption and bone health across the menopause transition remains largely unknown. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the change in lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density and the risk of bone fracture by the frequency of dairy intakes among women across the menopausal transition using the publicly available data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Methods A general linear model was used to estimate the association of dairy intake with the 10-year bone mineral density loss rate and a linear mixed model was used to estimate the annualized bone mineral density loss rate of the femoral neck and lumbar spine. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the nontraumatic fractures. A Poisson regression model with a log link function was used to determine the relative risks and 95% confidence intervals of the nontraumatic fractures. The models were controlled for race/ethnicity, age, height, weight, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, calcium use, menopausal status, and total caloric intake. Results No significant differences in bone mineral density change were observed, regardless of baseline menopausal status. No significant differences in the risk of nontraumatic fracture were observed. Conclusions In this group of US women undergoing the menopausal transition, dairy food intake was not associated with femoral and spine bone mineral density loss nor the risk of fractures. Funding Sources National Dairy Council.

scholarly journals AB0910 SARCOPENIA AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1757.2-1757
Author(s):  
T. Raskina ◽  
I. Grigoreva ◽  
J. Averkieva ◽  
A. Kokov ◽  
V. Masenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Objectives:To examine bone mineral density (BMD) in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), depending on the state of the muscle mass, strength and function.Methods:79 men aged over 50 years with verified CHD were examined (mean age 63 (57; 66) years).The BMD and T-criterion (standart deviation, SD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4) were evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the Lunar Prodigy Primo bone densitometer (USA). The following reference intervals were used: normal BMD values (T-criterion ≥-1), osteopenia (OPe) (T-criterion from -1 to -2.5), and osteoporosis (OP) (T-criterion <-2.5).To assess muscle mass, the total area (cm2) of the lumbar muscles of the axial section at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) was determined using multispiral computed tomography on a 64-slice computer tomograph “Somatom Sensation 64” (Siemens AG Medical Solution, Germany). The ratio of the obtained index of the area of skeletal muscle to the square of the patient’s growth index determined the “ skeletalmuscular index L3” (SMI). The media considered the threshold value to be 52.4 cm2/m2.Results:The femoral neck BMD in the examined patients was 0.96 (0.89; 1.03) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-1.00; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine -1.23 (1.11; 1.32) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.50; 1.20) SD according to the T-criterion.In accordance with the recommendations of the European working group on sarcopenia in Older people (EWGSOP, 2010, 2018), the patients were divided into 3 groups: 31 patients without sarcopenia (group 1), 21 patients with isolated muscle loss (presarcopenia) (group 2) and 27 patients with sarcopenia (group 3).BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients without sarcopenia was 0.96 (0.72; 1.26) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-0.8; 0.2) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.19 (1.10; 1.275) g/cm2and 0.1 (-0.6; 0.8) SD according to the T-criterion. BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients with presarcopenia (group 2) – 0.995 (0.94; 1.04) g/cm2and -0.3 (-0.70; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.32 (1.24; 1.40) g/cm2and 1.20 (0.50; 1.90) SD according to the T-criterion. In patients with established sarcopenia (group 3), the following indicators of BMD and T-criterion were recorded: 0.95 (0.845; 0.98) g/cm2and -0.60 (-1.40; -0.40) SD and 1.23 (0.085; 1.31) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.8; 1.1) SD in the femoral neck and lumbar spine, respectively.A comparative analysis of the results of the DXA found that patients with sarcopenia had a significant decrease in the BMD and T-criterion in the femoral neck compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.039 and p=0.040, respectively). There were no differences between the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with sarcopenia and presarcopenia (p>0.05).It was found that patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower BMD and T-criterion in the lumbar spine compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.017 and p=0.0165, respectively). The values of the BMD and T-criterion in the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with presarcopenia and sarcopenia in the lumbar spine were comparable (p>0.05).Conclusion:The presence of sarcopenia is associated with loss of BMD in the femoral neck and in the lumbar spine. The results obtained confirm the high probability of common pathogenetic links between OP and sarcopenia.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Bone mineral density predictors in long-standing type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefana Catalina Bilha ◽  
Letitia Leustean ◽  
Cristina Preda ◽  
Dumitru D. Branisteanu ◽  
Laura Mihalache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Despite the increased fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) is variable in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes mellitus. We aimed at comparing independent BMD predictors in T1D, T2D and control subjects, respectively. Methods Cross-sectional case-control study enrolling 30 T1D, 39 T2D and 69 age, sex and body mass index (BMI) – matched controls that underwent clinical examination, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck) and serum determination of HbA1c and parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Results T2D patients had similar BMD compared to T1D individuals (after adjusting for age, BMI and disease duration) and to matched controls, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, diabetes duration – but not HbA1c- negatively predicted femoral neck BMD in T1D (β= -0.39, p = 0.014), while BMI was a positive predictor for lumbar spine (β = 0.46, p = 0.006) and femoral neck BMD (β = 0.44, p = 0.007) in T2D, besides gender influence. Age negatively predicted BMD in controls, but not in patients with diabetes. Conclusions Long-standing diabetes and female gender particularly increase the risk for low bone mass in T1D. An increased body weight partially hinders BMD loss in T2D. The impact of age appears to be surpassed by that of other bone regulating factors in both T1D and T2D patients.

scholarly journals Lack of Association between Pulse Steroid Therapy and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Zengin Karahan ◽  
Cavit Boz ◽  
Sevgi Kilic ◽  
Nuray Can Usta ◽  
Mehmet Ozmenoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Factors Affecting

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The purpose of this study was to determine the possible factors affecting BMD in patients with MS. We included consecutive 155 patients with MS and 90 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Patients with MS exhibited significantly lowerT-scores andZ-scores in the femoral neck and trochanter compared to the controls. Ninety-four (61%) patients had reduced bone mass in either the lumbar spine or the femoral neck; of these, 64 (41.3%) had osteopenia and 30 (19.4%) had osteoporosis. The main factors affecting BMD were disability, duration of MS, and smoking. There was a negative relationship between femoral BMD and EDSS and disease duration. No association with lumbar BMD was determined. There were no correlations between BMD at any anatomic region and cumulative corticosteroid dose. BMD is significantly lower in patients with MS than in healthy controls. Reduced BMD in MS is mainly associated with disability and duration of the disease. Short courses of high dose steroid therapy did not result in an obvious negative impact on BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in patients with MS.

Estimation of Central Osteopenia in Children With Chronic Polyarthritis Treated With Glucocorticoids

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127-1130
Author(s):  
Antero Kotaniemi ◽  
Anneli Savolainen ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Heikki Kröger
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Size ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Volumetric Density ◽  
Chronic Polyarthritis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bone Volumetric Density

Study objective. To investigate the degree and determinants of osteopenia in juvenile chronic polyarthritis. Design. Retrospective case-control study of central bone mineral density. Setting. Rheumatism Foundation Hospital and Kuopio University Hospital, Finland. Subjects. A sample of 43 girls aged 7 to 19 with juvenile chronic polyarthritis treated with systemic glucocorticoids and a control sample of 44 healthy girls matched for age. Main outcome measures. Bone mineral density and bone size (width) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bone volumetric density calculated as an approximation of true bone density at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Results. The girls with juvenile chronic arthritis had reduced bone mineral density, bone size, and bone volumetric density at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck (statistically significant findings, P = .022 for the bone size of the femoral neck and P &lt; .001 for the other parameters). At the spine, the mean bone mineral density was 80%, the mean bone size 89%, and the mean bone volumetric density 89% of the values in the control group. At the femoral neck, the values were 78%, 93%, and 83%, respectively. The groups were matched for age, but the girls with arthritis were smaller and lighter. In the juvenile arthritis group, the femoral bone mineral density and bone volumetric density and the spinal bone width correlated negatively with the mean glucocorticoid dose. Conclusion. Axial bone mineral density is clearly reduced in severe juvenile polyarthritis and is mediated by both decreased bone volumetric density and diminished growth.

Impact of three-dimensional chemoradiation on pelvic bone mineral density, low back pain, and disability in cervical cancer: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
pp. ijgc-2020-002290
Author(s):  
Divyesh Kumar ◽  
Raviteja Miriyala ◽  
Bhavana Rai ◽  
Pooja Bansal ◽  
Arun S Oinam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Pelvic Bone ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Mineral Density

ObjectiveTo prospectively analyze the effect of three-dimensional chemoradiation on the bone mineral density of pelvic bones and its association with low back pain and disability in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.MethodsIn biopsy proven locally advanced cervical cancer patients, bone mineral density and T scores for lumbar vertebrae 5, dorsal thoracic vertebrae 12, and T scores for the femoral neck were analyzed. Low back pain was scored using the visual analog scale while disability scoring was done using the Oswestry low back pain disability scale. Furthermore, a subgroup analysis for patients (classified according to menopausal status) was performed.ResultsIn total, 106 patients were analyzed. A statistically significant decline in mean bone mineral density was observed at all three sites (vertebrae 5 and 12, and the femoral neck) post-chemoradiation therapy compared with pretreatment bone mineral density (0.671 vs 0.828, −2.083 vs −1.531, −2.503 vs −1.626; all p<0.001). Similarly, in subgroup analyses, at all three sites, pre-menopausal patients showed a statistically significant association (0.876 vs 0.697, −1.203 vs −0.2.761, –1.403 vs −2.232; all p<0.001) while a non-significant association was observed for post-menopausal patients at vertebrae 12 (−1.707 vs −1.719; p=0.09) with a statistically significant association at vertebrae 5 and the femoral neck (0.803 vs 0.656, –1.746 vs −2.648; p<0.01). Although statistically significant low back pain and disability scores were observed overall and irrespective of menopausal status, no correlation between bone mineral density and low back pain and disability was observed.ConclusionPelvic bone mineral density decreases significantly after chemoradiation, irrespective of menopausal status. However, no correlation with low back pain and disability was observed. Pelvic bone mineral density analysis should be considered before chemoradiation in cervical cancer.

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