scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Histidine on Growth Performance, Serum Amino Acids, and Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota Communities in Low Protein Diet-Fed Piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Meng Kang ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Jie Ma ◽  
Xin Wu ◽  
Ke Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Blood Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Low Protein

Previous study showed that low protein diet-fed pigs are characterized by lower histidine concentration in the serum and muscle, suggesting that histidine may involve in protein-restricted response. Thus, the current study mainly investigated the effects of dietary histidine on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and amino acids, intestinal morphology, and microbiota communities in low protein diet-challenged-piglets. The results showed that protein restriction inhibited growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and amino acids, and gut microbiota but had little effect on intestinal morphology. Dietary supplementation with histidine markedly enhanced serum histidine level and restored tryptophan concentration in low protein diet-fed piglets, while growth performance and intestinal morphology were not markedly altered in histidine-treated piglets. In addition, histidine exposure failed to affect bacterial diversity (observed species, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, ACE, and phylogenetic diversity), but histidine-treated piglets exhibited higher abundances of Butyrivibrio and Bacteroides compared with the control and protein-restricted piglets. In conclusion, dietary histidine in low protein diet enhanced histidine concentration and affected gut microbiota (Butyrivibrio and Bacteroides) but failed to improve growth performance and intestinal morphology.

scholarly journals PSIV-6 Effect of a Phytogenic Water Additive on Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites and Gene Expression of Amino Acids Transporters in Nursery Pigs Fed with Low Protein Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 281-282
Author(s):  
Cedrick N Shili ◽  
Mohammad Habibi ◽  
Julia Sutton ◽  
Jessie Barnes ◽  
Jacob Burchkonda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Standard Protein

Abstract Moderately low protein (MLP) diets can help decrease nutrient excretion from the swine production. However, MLP diets negatively impact growth performance. We hypothesized that supplementing MLP diets with phytogenics may reduce the negative effects of these diets on growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a phytogenic water additive (PWA; Herbanimal®) on growth performance, blood metabolite and gene expression of amino acids transporters in pigs fed with MLP diets. Forty-eight weaned barrows were allotted to six dietary treatments (n = 8) for 4 weeks: >CON-NS: standard protein diet-no PWA; CON-LS: standard protein diet-low PWA dose (4 ml/L); CON-HS: standard protein diet-high PWA dose (8 ml/L); LP-NS: low protein diet-no PWA; LP-LS: low protein diet-low PWA dose (4 ml/L); LP-HS: low protein diet- high PWA dose (8 ml/L). Feed intake and body weight were recorded daily and weekly, respectively. At week 4, blood and tissue samples were collected and analyzed for metabolites using a chemistry analyzer and amino acid transporters using qPCR, respectively. The data were analyzed by univariate GLM (SPSS®) and the means were separated using paired Student’s t-test corrected by Benjamini-Hochberg. Pigs fed CON-HS improved the average daily gain and serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations compared to CON-NS. Pigs fed LP-LS had higher serum phosphorus and blood urea nitrogen compared to the pigs fed with LP-NS. The mRNA abundance of SLC7A11 in the jejunum was lower in CON-LS and CON-HS compared to CON-NS. Additionally, mRNA abundance of SLC6A19 in the jejunum of pigs fed with LP-LS was higher compared to LP-NS and lower in CON-HS relative to pigs fed with CON-LS. In conclusion, PWA improved the growth performance of pigs fed standard protein diets but not low protein diets. Further, the PWA improved the concentrations of blood calcium and phosphorous in pigs fed MLP diets. Funding: Agrivida and Animal Health and Production and Animal Products: Improved Nutritional Performance, Growth, and Lactation of Animals from the USDA-NIFA.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Dietary Protein Restriction on Intestinal Morphology, Digestive Enzymes, Gut Hormones, and Colonic Microbiota in Pigs

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Defu Yu ◽  
Weiyun Zhu ◽  
Suqin Hang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Gut Hormone

Using protein-restriction diets becomes a potential strategy to save the dietary protein resources. However, the mechanism of low-protein diets influencing pigs’ growth performance is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the effect of protein-restriction diets on gastrointestinal physiology and gut microbiota in pigs. Eighteen weaned piglets were randomly allocated to three groups with different dietary protein levels. After a 16-week trial, the results showed that feeding a low-protein diet to pigs impaired the epithelial morphology of duodenum and jejunum (p < 0.05) and reduced the concentration of many plasma hormones (p < 0.05), such as ghrelin, somatostatin, glucose-dependent insulin-tropic polypeptide, leptin, and gastrin. The relative abundance of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus in colon and microbiota metabolites was also decreased by extreme protein-restriction diets (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that long-term ingestion of a protein-restricted diet could impair intestinal morphology, suppress gut hormone secretion, and change the microbial community and fermentation metabolites in pigs, while the moderately low-protein diet had a minimal effect on gut function and did not impair growth performance.

scholarly journals ​Effect of Chemically Amended Litter and Supplementing Low Protein Diet with Amino Acids on Immune Status, Carcass Characteristics, Biochemical Parameters and Broiler Chicken Behavior during Summer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulvinder Singh Sandhu ◽  
D.S. Malik ◽  
Ankush Proch ◽  
Yashpal Singh ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Carcass Parameters

Background: Ammonia gas present in poultry shed critically affects the health and welfare condition of bird and the labourer which are working at the poultry farm. Good litter management and low protein diet minimize the ammonia concentration resulting in overall improvement of the bird’s welfare. The current study was aimed to estimate the effect of alum sulphate in litter and addition of essential amino acids in a low protein diet on immunity status, serum biochemical parameters, carcass parameters and behavior welfare of broiler chicks. Methods: A total of 240 (day old) Vencobb broiler chicks were randomly distributed into four treatment groups, having 3 replicates of 20 chicks each. Control group (Tc) had no dietary and litter amendments, whereas, experiment groups include litter amendment with alum sulphate @ 90 gm/sq.ft. (TL) dietary amendment with low protein supplemented with essential amino acids like lysine, methionine, threonine (TD) and both dietary and litter amendment (TLD). Result: The results showed that immune status was better in the litter treated groups as compare to control and TD group. The overall hygiene of the birds was better in treatment groups. It can be concluded that treatment of litter with alum sulphate improved protein metabolism and carcass quality and also help in providing a comfortable environment to the broiler birds.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS OF A PATIENT WITH HYPERGLYCINEMIA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton Childs ◽  
William L. Nyhan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Low Protein

Observations of a patient with hyperglycinemia have been extended. The patient, who has been subsisting on a low protein diet, has shown some improvement in the clinical manifestations though he has failed to grow. Loading experiments have increased the list of amino acids capable of inducing ketosis and symptoms in the patient to five: leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, and methionine. Eleven other amino acids have been similarly tested and were found to be beneficial, reducing the toxicity of the five ketogenic amino acids. Blood levels of the amino acids have been measured under a variety of circumstances. When given alone, the toxic amino acids were found to accumulate in the blood. Such accumulations were less striking when the nonketogenic amino acids were given together with the ketogenic ones. The patient has been benefitted by a diet low in protein which has been supplemented by the innocuous amino acids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document