Prevalence and Associated Factors of Aggressive Behavior among Patients with Schizophrenia at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia

Introduction. Mental illness and aggression are often seen as inextricably linked. There is a growing body of evidence on aggressive behavior towards others by people with schizophrenia. Even though there is no study conducted in this study area, this study will help to identify the factors associated with aggressive behavior to be dealt early and as a base line for further study. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence of aggressive behavior and associated factors among people with schizophrenia. Method. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from May 6 to 31, 2019, among 403 participants who were selected by a systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected by an interview technique by using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale, entered and analyzed by using EPI-INFO version 3.5.3 and Statistical Package for Social Science version 20, respectively. The association between variables was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and the level of significance of association was determined at a P value < 0.05. Results. A total of 403 schizophrenia patients were included making the response rate 95.4%. The prevalence of aggressive behavior was 26.6%. Significant associated factors for aggressive behavior were being male (AOR=2.61, 95% CI (1.21, 5.61)), unemployment (AOR=8.03, 95% CI (3.08, 25.95)), previous history of aggression (AOR=6.22, 95% CI (2.75, 14.10)), psychotic symptoms (AOR=8.12, 95% CI (3.11, 21.14)), drug nonadherence (AOR=6.41, 95% CI (3.02, 13.63)), poor social support (AOR=3.11, 95% CI (1.35, 7.17)), and alcohol use (AOR=2.40, 95% CI (1.02, 5.66)). Conclusion. Prevalence of aggressive behavior is high among schizophrenia patients. Professionals have to identify clearly predictors of aggressive behavior giving special emphasis when treating male schizophrenia patients, who are unemployed, lack social support, with previous history of aggression, and alcohol users.

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Assessment of Low Patient Social Support and its Associated Factors Among Hospitalized Medical Surgical Adult Inpatients in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Multi -Center Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-649931/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shegaw Tesfa ◽

Haimanot Abebe ◽

Bitew Tefera ◽

Agere Ayinalem ◽

Baye Tsegaye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Previous History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Level ◽

History Of

Abstract Introduction: Patient social support is a network or web of social relationships that each individual keeps including the closest people, such as family, close friends and other neighborhood or community individuals in the hospital as well as out of the hospitals. Patient psychosocial support influences the health status and treatment effectiveness, getting quality of care in a hospitalized medical surgical inpatient. It should be practiced in hospital setting than community setting. Objective: To assess low patient social support and its associated factors among medical surgical adult inpatients in public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020.Methods: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted with 380 study subjects from March 1-30, 2020. Systematic random sampling technique was used and data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Trained nursing students collected data, collected data was entered into Epi-data 3.1 and export to SPSS version 26 for analysis, and then binary and multiple logistic regression was performed to check the association between dependent and independent variable.Result: In this study, low level of patient social support was 61.9%, while 38.1% of them have high level of patient social support. Variables being housewives [AOR=3.41; 95%CI (1.145-10.153)], chat chewing [AOR=2.596; 95%CI (1.072-6.288)], psychosocial counseling [AOR=4.149; 95 %CI (0.075-0.771) and Previous history of hospitalization [AOR=1.673; 95%CI (1.019-2.746) were found to be significantly associated with low patient social support. While age, sex, ethnicity, religion, income, alcohol drink, smoking, other illegal substance use, and family history of mental health problem, having mental illness, type of case and length of hospital stay were not significantly associated.Conclusion and recommendation: The overall level of patient social support in hospitalized patients was low and being housewives, chat chewing, psychosocial counselling, and Previous history of hospitalization were significantly associated with low level of patient social support among adult inpatients, therefore health care providers should provide special consideration to those group of patients admitted to the hospitals.

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Magnitude of internalised stigma and associated factors among people with bipolar disorder at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044824 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e044824

Author(s):

Shegaye Shumet ◽

Bethlehem W/Michele ◽

Dessie Angaw ◽

Temesgen Ergete ◽

Nigus Alemnew

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

Poor Social Support

ObjectivesTo assess the magnitude of internalised stigma and associated factors among patients with bipolar disorder attending the outpatient department of Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.DesignInstitution-based cross-sectional study design.SettingAmanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsWe recruited about 418 participants using systematic sampling technique for an interview during the study period.MeasurementData were collected by face-to-face interviews. Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale was used to measure internalised stigma. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Oslo-3 Social Support were instruments used to assess the associated factors. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. ORs with 95% CI were computed to determine the level of significance.ResultsThe magnitude of internalised stigma was 24.9% (95% CI: 21.2% to 28.9%). In the multivariate analysis, unemployed (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.3, 95% CI: 1.0 to 5.0), unable to read and write (AOR=3.3, 95% CI: 1.05 to 10.7), poor social support (AOR=5.3, 95% CI: 1.9 to 15.0), ≥4 previous hospitalisations due to bipolar disorder (AOR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.1 to 6.1) and low self-esteem (AOR=2.4, 95% CI: 1.1 to 5.1) had a significant association with internalised stigma.ConclusionsOne in four patients with bipolar disorder reported high internalised stigma. Unemployment, low educational status, low self-esteem, poor social support and being hospitalised more than three times before were significantly associated with internalised stigma. Thus, a stigma-reduction programme focusing on self-esteem improvement and psychological health of patients to increase their stigma resistance to counteracting effects of internalised stigma is essential.

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Compliance with Standard Precautions and Associated Factors among Healthcare Workers in Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2017/2050635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Tariku Gebre Haile ◽

Eshetu Haileselassie Engeda ◽

Abdella Amano Abdo

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Management Support ◽

Standard Precautions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Background. In many studies, compliance with standard precautions among healthcare workers was reported to be inadequate.Objective.The aim of this study was to assess compliance with standard precautions and associated factors among healthcare workers in northwest Ethiopia.Methods.An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to April 30, 2014. Simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were entered into Epi info 3.5.1 and were exported to SPSS version 20.0 for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated to identify associated factors.Results.The proportion of healthcare workers who always comply with standard precautions was found to be 12%. Being a female healthcare worker (AOR [95% CI] 2.18 [1.12–4.23]), higher infection risk perception (AOR [95% CI] 3.46 [1.67–7.18]), training on standard precautions (AOR [95% CI] 2.90 [1.20–7.02]), accessibility of personal protective equipment (AOR [95% CI] 2.87 [1.41–5.86]), and management support (AOR [95% CI] 2.23 [1.11–4.53]) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion and Recommendation.Compliance with standard precautions among the healthcare workers is very low. Interventions which include training of healthcare workers on standard precautions and consistent management support are recommended.

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Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation, and Attempt Among Cancer Patients in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: Cross-Sectional, Mekelle, Ethiopia

The Open Public Health Journal ◽

10.2174/1874944502013010365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 365-372

Author(s):

Tesfalem Araya ◽

Weyni Gidey

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Performance Status ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

The World

Background: Cancer patients are at high risk for suicide, particularly, when they are informed about the cancer diagnosis. However, there is a limited study in Ethiopia therefore, assessing suicidal ideation, attempt, and its associated factors are needed for intervention. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2019 at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital with a total of 297 participants. Suicide module of the World Mental Health (WMH) survey initiative version adopted from the World Health Organization (WHO) and used to assess suicidal ideation and attempt. Binary logistic regression analysis employed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt. Odds ratio with 95% CI and P-value <0.05 was applied to identify significantly associated factors. Results: The lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and the attempt was found to be 27.9% [95%CI (22.3, 31.6)] and 8.4% [95%CI (5.2, 10.3)] respectively. Being female [AOR= 2.23, 95%CI (1.27, 3.92)], stage IV cancer [AOR=2.08, 95%CI(1.47, 3.81)], having depression and anxiety [AOR=2.31, 95%CI(1.24,4.32)], poor social support [AOR=3.70, 95%CI(2.01,6.78)], and level 4 performance status [AOR=3.73, 95%CI(1.71, 8.13)] were the factors associated with lifetime suicidal ideation. While being in level 4, performance status was also significantly associated with suicidal attempt. Conclusion: Both suicidal ideation and attempt among cancer patients are high. The suicidal ideation had a statistical association with sex, stage of cancer, having depression and anxiety, social support, and level of performance. Therefore, health education for early screening and treatment for depression and anxiety, and giving social support are crucial for the reduction of suicide.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Assosa town, WesternEthiopia, 2018

Cardiology Open Access ◽

10.33140/coa.05.02.06 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

General Hospital ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Sub Saharan

Background: Hypertension, the global first and third risk for mortality and disease burden respectively, is recording an increment in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. This study aimed to identify prevalence and its associated risk factor of Hypertension in the Assosa town. Objective: To identify prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in the study area to increase it’s prevention and control methods. Methods & materials: Institutional based cross sectional study design with quota non-probability sampling technique was conducted among patients visited OPD units ofAssosa General Hospital (AGH) andAssosa Health Center(AHC) fromMarch to June 2018. All outpatients were included. To collect data, pre-tested structured questionnaire and face to face interviews were used. Components ofstatisticalresearch software SPSS version-21 like frequency table, chi-square test of independence & logistic regression was used to enter, analyze, summarize and characterize disease and associated factors data. Result: The study was conducted among 194 participants(152 from AGH and 42 from AHC) with 102 males and 92 females. Prevalence of hypertension among patients visited outpatient units of Assosa General Hospital and Assosa Health Center was 17.5%, and was slightly highest in male than female. Associated factors for hypertension among patients visited OPD units of AGH & AHC were history of hypertension in the family (CI=95% and COR=4.497(1.133-17.844) and being private employee (CI=95% and COR=0.0017(0.001-0.407). Conclusion & recommendation: Prevalence of HTN in the Assosa town, was low and influenced by some risk factors like work status and previousfamily history of hypertension. Even if usual usage ofsalt and using vegetable oil was not associated factor, being private employee were independent factor of HTN. In-depth study is recommended for further investigation. To increase preventative methods of HTN, health education supported by mass media, illustrative posters and anotherstrategies at every government & non government work sector are recommended.

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Alcohol use disorder and its determinant factors among patients with schizophrenia attending treatment at mental specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/20503121211048748 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 205031212110487

Author(s):

Habtamu Tadesse ◽

Yohannes Mirkana ◽

Tadesse Misgana

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Previous History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

Audit Score ◽

History Of

Background: Alcohol use disorder is one of the primary causes of avoidable death, illness, and injury in many societies throughout the world. Although alcohol use disorder can influence the natural history of a disease, disease recurrence, quality of life, and treatment adherence in psychiatric patients, the data on its magnitude is scarce. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the magnitude of alcohol use disorder and its determinants among patients with schizophrenia attending a mental specialized hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 15 to June 15, 2018. An alcohol use disorder identification test was employed among a sample of 414 randomly selected patients with schizophrenia. Alcohol use disorder was categorized as hazardous drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score of 8–15), harmful drinking (AUDIT score of 16–19), and alcohol dependence (AUDIT score of 20 or above). The data were entered into Epi-Data 3.1 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with alcohol use disorder. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 38.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 33.7, 42.9). Of this, 22.4% of the patients had hazardous drinking, 8.4% harmful drinking, and 7.6% alcohol dependence. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder were male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 5.8, 95% CI 2.55, 13.19), being single (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.63, 5.51), divorced (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.95, 9.47) and widowed (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.39, 8.81), having family history of alcoholism (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.98, 7.19), longer duration of illness (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI 1.83, 8.36), previous history of psychiatric diagnosis (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1, 4.34), and concomitant use of non-alcoholic substances (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.06, 6.74). Conclusions: Almost four in ten patients with schizophrenia had alcohol use disorder. Male sex, single, divorced, and widowed, family history of alcohol use, long duration of illness, previous history of psychiatric diagnosis, and concomitant use of non-alcoholic substances were significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Continuous counseling of at risk populations about alcohol consumption should be strengthened.

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Prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression among women attending antenatal care follow up at Michu Clinic in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22003/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Birhane Gebrehiwot Beyene ◽

Gebrewahd Bezabhy Gebremichael ◽

Abreha Tsegay Gebreselassie

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Antenatal Depression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Limited Attention ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Abstract Background Antenatal depression is a serious mental health problem that can negatively affect the lives of women. Depressive disorders are not only common and chronic among women throughout the world but also the principal source of disability. The scarce information and limited attention to the problem might aggravate the consequence of the problem and can limit the intervention to be taken. So the purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression among women. Methods An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted by systemic random sampling technique among 203 pregnant women following Antenatal care at Michu clinic in Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from March to June 2019. An interviewer administered Beck Depression Inventory (II) questionnaire was used to assess individual’s depression condition after consent obtained from participants. Data was entered and analyzed by using statically package for social science version 22. Then bivariate regression with p-value ≤0.25 was entered in to multivariate regression with p-value

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Nurses’ knowledge of pressure ulcer and its associated factors at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2018.

10.21203/rs.2.13562/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tarkie Abebe Walle ◽

Ezedin Molla Muhammed ◽

Berhanu Boru Bifftu ◽

Yemataw Zewdu Temachu

Keyword(s):

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Pressure Ulcers ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

The Mean ◽

Hawassa University ◽

Nurses Knowledge

Abstract Introduction Pressure ulcer is largely avoidable, but its prevalence rate increased more than 80% in a thirteen years study. Nurses have a great position to advance best practices towards the prevention of pressure ulcers. Therefore they should be knowledgeable of the signs and symptoms of pressure ulcers, and preventive strategies to reduce its incidence, but there is limited evidence on nurses’ knowledge and its associated factors to prevent pressure ulcer in Ethiopia.Objectives The study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge and associated factors towards pressure ulcer prevention at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2018.Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 25 – April 23/ 2018. A total of 356 nurses were selected by stratification with a simple random sampling technique. Pretested structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions was used to collect data. Frequency distribution and percentage were computed to describe each variable. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression with a 95% confidence interval was also carried out to see the effect of each independent variable on the dependent variable and declared statistical significant association with P< 0.05.Result The mean knowledge score of nurses was 25.22 out of 41 item questions. Fifty-two point five percent of nurses score above the mean. Males [AOR=0.44, 95% CI (0.26 – 0.73)], working a maximum of eight hours [AOR= 3.57, 95% CI (1.48 – 8.61), not having training [(AOR= 2.31, 95% CI (1.14 – 4.61)], Low salary [AOR= 3.47, 95% CI (1.03 – 11.67)] were significantly associated with inadequate knowledge.Conclusion Generally a nurse's knowledge of pressure ulcer was inadequate. Being female, working less than or equal to eight hours, not having the training and low working salary are contributors to a low level of knowledge for pressure ulcer.

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Self-Medication among Pregnant Women on Antenatal Care Follow-Up at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/2936862 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Faisel Dula Sema ◽

Deres Gezahegn Addis ◽

Eshetie Azezew Melese ◽

Demeke Dana Nassa ◽

Zemene Demelash Kifle

Keyword(s):

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Previous History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Monthly Income ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital ◽

History Of

Background. Self-medication is being prevalent throughout the globe. Although pregnant women are among the most vulnerable group of the population for drug-induced adverse effects on their fetus and themselves, many pregnant women use self-medication without adequate safety precautions. Objective. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of self-medication among pregnant women on antenatal care follow-up at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methods. A cross-sectional study was employed among 400 pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital between February 01 and May 30, 2019. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS® (IBM Corporation) version 22. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequency and proportion. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with self-medication with a 95% confidence level and p value of 0.05. Results. Among 400 respondents, the prevalence of self-medication during the current pregnancy was 44.8% (95% CI=40.5-50). Among all respondents (400), 38.0% (95% CI=33.3-42.8) and 12.5% (95% CI=9.5-15) used herbal and conventional medicine, respectively. Self-medication showed a significant association with a previous history of self-medication and monthly income. Conclusions. The prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women is considerably high. The previous history of self-medication and monthly income showed a significant association with self-medication. Awareness creation should be done for reproductive-age women on the potential risks of self-medication.

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Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among office workers in Kano city, Nigeria

International Journal of Research in Orthopaedics ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4510.intjresorthop20213375 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 907

Author(s):

Muhammad Nuhu Salihu ◽

Mamman Muhammad Lawal ◽

Abuhuraira Ado Musa ◽

Yusuf Muhammad Abdullahi ◽

Maryam Dahiru Umar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Office Workers ◽

Low Back ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face ◽

History Of

Background: Many studies across the globe have reported the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among office workers. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of LBP and associated factors among office workers in Kano city, Nigeria.Methods: A cross-sectional type of study was conducted among the office workers in Kano metropolitan from September to December 2019. A total of 300 office workers were selected using a convenience sampling technique. The data was collected from the respondents by face-to-face interview technique using a semi-structured questionnaire and all the data collected were analyzed using statistical software (SPSS version 22.0).Results: In this study, the mean age of the respondents was 38.6±9.6 years and 72.7% of them were male. More than half (54.7%) of the respondents had a bachelor's degree and above. About 71.3% of the respondents had a familial history of LBP. About 68.0% of the respondents had suffered musculoskeletal disorder in the past and the majority (54.4%) mentioned they suffered hip pain. Only 33.7% of the respondents were maintaining the proper posture and 37.7% of the respondents were using an ergonomic chair.Conclusions: The findings of this study found a 65.3% prevalence of low back pain among the office workers in Kano metropolitan. Office workers should be encouraged to maintain proper postures at work and there is a need for more educational programs regarding the prevention measures of low back pain.

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