scholarly journals The Potential Role of Regulatory B Cells in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Zhaocheng Dong ◽  
Zhiyuan Liu ◽  
Haoran Dai ◽  
Wenbin Liu ◽  
Zhendong Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Regulatory B Cells

Regulatory B cells (Breg) are widely regarded as immunomodulatory cells which play an immunosuppressive role. Breg inhibits pathological autoimmune response by secreting interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and adenosine and through other ways to prevent T cells and other immune cells from expanding. Recent studies have shown that different inflammatory environments induce different types of Breg cells, and these different Breg cells have different functions. For example, Br1 cells can secrete IgG4 to block autoantigens. Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is an autoimmune disease in which the humoral immune response is dominant and the cellular immune response is impaired. However, only a handful of studies have been done on the role of Bregs in this regard. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the types and functions of Breg found in human body, as well as the abnormal pathological and immunological phenomena in IMN, and propose the hypothesis that Breg is activated in IMN patients and the proportion of Br1 can be increased. Our review aims at highlighting the correlation between Breg and IMN and proposes potential mechanisms, which can provide a new direction for the discovery of the pathogenesis of IMN, thus providing a new strategy for the prevention and early treatment of IMN.

scholarly journals B-Cell-Deficient Mice Show an Exacerbated Inflammatory Response in a Model of Chlamydophila abortus Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 6911-6918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio J. Buendía ◽  
Laura Del Río ◽  
Nieves Ortega ◽  
Joaquín Sánchez ◽  
María C. Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Chlamydophila Abortus ◽  
Serotype 1

ABSTRACT The resolution of Chlamydophila abortus (Chlamydia psittaci serotype 1) infection is dependent on gamma interferon and CD8+ T cells, and classically, B cells have been considered to play a minimal role in host defense. The role of B cells in the immune response was studied by using a model of infection in mice with genetically modified immunoglobulin M transmembrane domains (μMT). In the absence of B cells, infection with C. abortus leads to an acute severe fatal disease that involves a disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. μMT mice displayed an increased level of proinflammatory cytokines in serum, and an increased number of neutrophils was observed in the lesions. The possible deleterious role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of disease in μMT mice was determined by depletion of the neutrophils with the monoclonal antibody RB6-8C5. This led to an enhancement of the bacterial burden and early mortality in both μMT and wild-type mice, while necrotic lesions remained. Analysis of the presence of immunoregulatory cytokines showed significantly lower levels of transforming growth factor β in the sera of μMT mice. However, mice lacking mature B cells were able to establish a specific immune response that protected them from a secondary challenge. Taken together, these data suggest an immunomodulatory role for B cells in the early events of C. abortus primary infection that can protect mice against an exaggerated inflammatory response.

P0523PROTECTIVE ROLE OF REGULATORY B CELLS ON THE RENAL TISSUE REPAIRMEN AFTER ISCHEMIA REPERCUSSION INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yokota Yunosuke ◽  
Goh Kodama ◽  
Sakuya Itou ◽  
Yosuke Nakayama ◽  
Nobukazu Komatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Regulatory B Cells ◽  
Tubulointerstitial Injury ◽  
Iri Model

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI), even if followed by renal recovery, is a risk factor for the future development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end- stage renal disease. It has been postulated that interleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing Regulatory B cells (Breg) play an important role for the tissue repairment in several tissues and organs. Basically, protective role of Breg has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease. In the kidney, it has been shown that IL-10 suppresses renal function decline and improves renal prognosis in IRI model, a typical model of AKI. However, the identity of Breg in the kidney and their origin have not been clarified. Further, how the Breg works during the transition from AKI to CKD is not known. Therefore, first we investigated whether Breg existed in renal tissue on the progression from AKI to CKD in IRI model mice. Further, we performed splenectomy, and examined the renal injury, Breg, and plasma IL-10 levels in this model. Method To examine the existence of Breg in the kidney of IRI model, we used 8-10 weeks-old GFP / IL-10 mice based on C57BL / 6J mice. They are reporter mice for IL-10 producing cells, and can visualize IL-10 producing cells under a fluorescence microscope without fluorescent immunostaining. We prepared following three groups, sham, IRI (unilateral), and IRI + SN (splenectomy) groups. Mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (4 g/kg,, intraperitoneal). After making a midline incision, exposed a blood vessel of the left renal pedicles and clamped it for 30 min by clips. one day, 7 days, and 14 days after the surgery, mice were sacrificed, and renal function and plasma IL-10 levels as well as tissue damages by PAS and Masson’s Trichrome staining were assessed. Tissue IL-10-producing cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results There was no difference of plasma IL-10 levels and renal tubulointerstitial injury in IRI group and IRI+SN group on day 1 after IRI. However, on day 7 and day 14, plasma IL-10 levels became gradually higher in IRI group, and SN decreased the increase in IL-10 levels. Tubulointerstitial injury was induced by IRI and SN further worsened tubular damages. Serum Cr and BUN levels were not different in three groups due to normal right kidney. On day 1, number of IL-10-producing B cells increased in the spleen and renal medulla in IRI group confirmed by flow cytometry, which was completely diminished by SN, suggesting that origin of the infiltrated Breg might be spleen, thereby being involved in the protective role in IRI injury in the kidney. Conclusion We report for the first time that Breg might be recruited from spleen by AKI, which may be one of the mechanisms to prevent the progression to CKD.

scholarly journals The Roles of Regulatory B Cells in Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Hongyan Qian ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Lihua Duan ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Regulatory B Cells ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Cytokines Secretion

Regulatory B cells (Bregs), a newly described subset of B cells, have been proved to play a suppressive role in immune system. Bregs can inhibit other immune cells through cytokines secretion and antigen presentation, which give them the role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cancers. There are no clear criteria to identify Bregs; different markers were used in the different experimental conditions. Massive researches had described the functions of immune cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), dendritic cells (DCs), and B cells in the autoimmune disorder diseases and cancers. More and more researches focused on the roles of Bregs and the cytokines such as Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) secreted by Bregs. The aim of this review is to summarize the characteristics of Bregs and the roles of Bregs in cancer.

scholarly journals Potential Role for Regulatory B Cells as a Major Source of Interleukin-10 in Spleen fromPlasmodium chabaudi-Infected Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Han ◽  
Ji Yang ◽  
Yitong Zhang ◽  
Yalin Zhang ◽  
Hongtao Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Regulatory B Cells ◽  
Plasmodium Chabaudi ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
And Function ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACTInterleukin-10 (IL-10)-producing regulatory B (Breg) cells were found to be induced in a variety of infectious diseases. However, its importance in the regulation of immune response to malaria is still unclear. Here, we investigated the dynamics, phenotype, and function of Breg cells usingPlasmodium chabaudi chabaudiAS-infected C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. BALB/c mice were more susceptible to infection and had a stronger IL-10 response in spleen than C57BL/6 mice. Analysis of the surface markers of IL-10-producing cells with flow cytometry showed that CD19+B cells were one of the primary IL-10-producing populations inP. c. chabaudiAS-infected C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, especially in the latter one. The Breg cells had a heterogeneous phenotype which shifted during infection. The well-established Breg subset, CD19+CD5+CD1dhicells, accounted for less than 20% of IL-10-producing B cells in both strains during the course of infection. Most Breg cells were IgG+and CD138−from day 0 to day 8 postinfection. Adoptive transfer of Breg cells to C57BL/6 mice infected withP. c. chabaudiAS led to a transient increase of parasitemia without an impact on survival rate. Our finding reveals that B cells play an active and important regulatory role in addition to mediating humoral immunity in immune response against malaria, which should be paid more attention in developing therapeutic or vaccine strategies against malaria involving stimulation of B cells.

scholarly journals Decreased production of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β in Toll-like receptor-activated intestinal B cells in SAMP1/Yit mice

Immunology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Mishima ◽  
Shunji Ishihara ◽  
Md. Monowar Aziz ◽  
Akihiko Oka ◽  
Ryusaku Kusunoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Toll Like Receptor

scholarly journals Increased regulatory B cells are involved in immune evasion in patients with gastric cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Murakami ◽  
Hiroaki Saito ◽  
Shota Shimizu ◽  
Yusuke Kono ◽  
Yuji Shishido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Regulatory B Cells ◽  
Carboxyfluorescein Succinimidyl Ester

Abstract Accumulating evidence has indicated that immune regulatory cells are involved in the establishment of tumoral immune evasion. However, the role of regulatory B cells (Bregs) in this remains unclear. Here, we identified a role for Bregs in immune evasion in gastric cancer (GC) patients. The frequency of peripheral Bregs was significantly higher in GC patients than in healthy controls (P = 0.0023). Moreover, the frequency of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells in GC tissue was significantly higher than in peripheral blood and healthy gastric tissue. Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester labeling revealed that CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells could suppress the proliferation of autologous CD4+ T cells. Moreover, CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells inhibited the production of interferon-gamma by CD4+ T cells. Double staining immunohistochemistry of interleukin-10 and CD19 revealed 5-year overall survival rates of 65.4% and 13.3% in BregLow and BregHigh groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the frequency of Bregs was an independent prognostic indicator in GC patients. Taken together, our results show the existence of Bregs in GC tissue, and indicate that they are significantly correlated with the prognosis of GC patients.

scholarly journals Metabolism of agmatine in macrophages: modulation by lipopolysaccharide and inhibitory cytokines

1998 ◽  
Vol 330 (3) ◽  
pp. 1405-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena SASTRE ◽  
Elena GALEA ◽  
Douglas FEINSTEIN ◽  
J. Donald REIS ◽  
Soundararajan REGUNATHAN
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Arginine Decarboxylase ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Metabolic Route ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Contrast Exposure ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Agmatine is an amine derived from the decarboxylation of arginine by arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and metabolized to putrescine by agmatinase. While prevalent in bacteria and plants, agmatine and its metabolic enzymes have been recently identified in mammalian tissues. In the present study we sought to determine: (a) whether macrophages (cell line RAW 264.7) express ADC and agmatinase, and (b) if the enzymes are regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and/or by the inhibitory cytokines transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). LPS induced a dose-dependent stimulation of agmatinase, while it decreased ADC, the effect in both cases being maximum at 20 h. As expected, LPS dose-dependently stimulated the inducible nitric oxide synthase activity (iNOS). A strong correlation was observed between the effects of LPS on the agmatine-related enzymes and iNOS. By contrast, exposure to IL-10 and TGF-β caused a reduction in ADC and agmatinase, whereas IL-4 was ineffective on ADC, but reverted the LPS-induced increase of agmatinase. We conclude that the agmatine pathway may be an alternative metabolic route for arginine in macrophages, suggesting a regulatory role of agmatine during inflammation.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Transforming Growth Factor-β, and Interleukin-10 in Asthma Associated with Olive Pollen Sensitization

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Cárdaba ◽  
David Calzada ◽  
Selene Baos ◽  
Miriam Aguerri ◽  
Joaquín Quiralte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Pollen Allergens ◽  
Allelic Discrimination ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Olive Pollen ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Sensitization to specific olive pollen-allergens (Ole e 2 and 10) has been correlated with a clinical pattern of asthma. This study analyzes the association between several polymorphims ofTNFA(G-308A,C-857T, andC-1031T),IL10(C-571AandA-1117G), andTGFB(C-509-T) and these sensitizations. These polymorphisms were genotyped by allelic discrimination, in olive pollen-allergic patients (phenotyped for specific Ole e 2 and 10 sensitizations) and healthy controls. Levels of serum-soluble cytokines were correlated with specific genotypes and clinical phenotypes. The results showed that heterozygousTGFB C-509Tgenotype, besides having the lowest sera TGF- levels, was significantly increased in olive pollen-allergic patients compared with controls. According specific sensitizations,CCgenotype ofIL10 C-571Acould be a protective factor for Ole e 2 sensitization and mainly for asthmatic Ole e 2 sensitized patients compared with asthmatic non-Ole e 2 sensitized patients (OR: 0.26,P=0.008). In contrast, heterozygousCAgenotype was increased in Ole e 2 asthmatic subjects compared to asthmatic non-Ole e 2 sensitized patients. Lastly, heterozygousTNFA G-308Agenotype was associated with Ole e 10 sensitization (OR: 2.5,P=0.04). In conclusion, these results suggest a role of TGF-β1 in olive-pollen sensitization and TNF-αand IL-10 genotypes in the asthma induced by specific olive-pollen allergens.

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