scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Types Associated with Cervical Dysplasia among HIV- and Non-HIV-Infected Women Attending Reproductive Health Clinics in Eastern Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
James Kinoti Njue ◽  
Margaret Muturi ◽  
Lucy Kamau ◽  
Raphael Lwembe
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Endocervical Canal

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes over 99% of all cervical cancer globally. In 2019, it was responsible for 3286 deaths in Kenya. Data on the epidemiological distribution of HPV genotypes by cervical dysplasia and HIV-infected women which is important in designing prevention strategy monitoring treatment and management of cervical cancer is lacking in Eastern Kenya. Objective. To determine HPV genotype prevalence and their association with cervical dysplasia among HIV-infected (cases) and noninfected (control) women aged 18-48 years seeking reproductive healthcare. Methods. A cervical broom was softly rotated 360 degrees five times to exfoliate cells from the region of the transformation zone, squamocolumnar junction, and endocervical canal for HPV genotyping. Social-demographic and risk factors responsible for HPV acquisition were collected using a questionnaire. Laboratory outcome and questionnaire data statistical relationships were computed using Pearson chi-square test. Results. 317 women (cases: 161 (50.8%), control 156 (49.2%), mean age: 34.3, SD ± 10.4 , range 18-46 years) were recruited from Embu (85/317 (26.8%)), Isiolo (64/317 (20.2%)), Kirinyaga (56/317 (17.7%)), Meru (81/317 (25.6%)), and Tharaka-Nithi (31/317 (9.8%)). The frequency HPV genotypes detected by cervical dysplasia were CIN1 (cases: HPV81 (12/317 (3.8%)), HPV11 (2/317 (0.6%)); control: HPV53 and 66 coinfection (1/317 (0.3%)), CIN2 (cases: HPV11, HPV16, HPV66 ((1/317 (0.3%) each), HPV81 (6/317 (1.9%)), and single case (1/317 (0.3%)) of HPV11 and 66, HPV81 and 44, HPV81 and 88, HPV9 and 53, and HPV16 and 58 coinfection; control: HPV81 (2/317 (0.6%)) and invasive cervical cancer (cases: HPV16 (1/317 (0.3%)) and HPV81 (3/317 (0.9%)); control: HPV16 and 66 (1/317 (0.3%))).Conclusions. There was a higher frequency of both high-risk and low-risk HPV genotypes associated with cervical dysplasia among HIV-infected than HIV-uninfected women seeking reproductive health care. This study provides epidemiological data on the existence of nonvaccine HPV types associated with cervical dysplasia in the region.

Cervical Dysplasia and Human Papillomavirus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa K Frey ◽  
Cathleen E Matrai
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Screening Programs

Human papillomavirus (HPV) affects the majority of sexually active individuals and accounts for approximately 5% of human cancers and nearly 100% of cervical cancer cases. The progression from persistent HPV infection to invasive cervical cancer takes at least 10 years and is preceded by epithelial dysplastic changes. Cytologic screening programs, which rely on disease detection during this precancerous interval, have successfully decreased the incidence of cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine, approved since 2006, effectively decreases cervical disease but remains underused in the United States and abroad, with the incidence of HPV-related cancers still on the rise. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and molecular pathogenesis of HPV infections and cervical cancer development, cervical cancer screening and screening terminology, management of abnormal screening results, and HPV vaccination.   This review contains 4 figures, 8 tables and 49 references Key words: atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, cervical cancer, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, colposcopy, high-grade cervical dysplasia, human papillomavirus, human papillomavirus vaccine, low-grade cervical dysplasia, Papanicolaou test, papillomaviruses  

scholarly journals Genotyping of human papillomavirus in cervical lesions by L1 consensus PCR and the Luminex xMAP system

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Liang Jiang ◽  
Hai-Hong Zhu ◽  
Lin-Fu Zhou ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Zhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Suspension Array ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer, the principal cancer in women in most developing countries. Molecular epidemiologic evidence clearly indicates that certain types of HPV are the principal cause of invasive cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Comprehensive, high-throughput typing assays for HPV, however, are not currently available. By combining L1 consensus PCR and multiplex hybridization using a Luminex xMAP system-based suspension array, the authors developed a rapid high-throughput assay, the HPV DNA suspension array (HPV-SA), capable of simultaneously typing 26 HPVs, including 18 high-risk HPV genotypes and eight low-risk HPV genotypes. The performance of the HPV-SA applied to 26 synthetic oligonucleotide targets was evaluated. The HPV-SA system perfectly discriminated 18 high-risk HPV targets from eight low-risk HPV targets. To assess the clinical applicability of the assay, the HPV-SA was performed with 133 MY09/MY11 primer set-mediated PCR (MY-PCR)-positive clinical specimens; of the 133 samples, 121 were positive by HPV-SA. Both single and multiple types were easily identified. The authors believe that improvement of the assay may be useful for epidemiological studies, cancer-screening programmes, the monitoring of therapeutic interventions, and the evaluation of the efficacy of HPV vaccine trials.

scholarly journals Cervical Dysplasia, Infection, and Phylogeny of Human Papillomavirus in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Women at a Reproductive Health Clinic in Nairobi, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Agnes Omire ◽  
Nancy L. M. Budambula ◽  
Leah Kirumbi ◽  
Hillary Langat ◽  
Danvas Kerosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

High risk human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections ultimately cause cervical cancer. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected women often present with multiple high-risk HPV infections and are thus at a higher risk of developing cervical cancer. However, information on the circulating high-risk HPV genotypes in Kenya in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women is still scanty. This study is aimed at determining the phylogeny and the HPV genotypes in women with respect to their HIV status and at correlating this with cytology results. This study was carried out among women attending the Reproductive Health Clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital, a referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. A cross-sectional study recruited a total of 217 women aged 18 to 50 years. Paired blood and cervical samples were obtained from consenting participants. Blood was used for serological HIV screening while cervical smears were used for cytology followed by HPV DNA extraction, HPV DNA PCR amplification, and phylogenetic analysis. Out of 217 participants, 29 (13.4%) were HIV seropositive, while 68 (31.3%) were positive for HPV DNA. Eight (3.7%) of the participants had abnormal cervical cytology. High-risk HPV 16 was the most prevalent followed by HPV 81, 73, 35, and 52. One participant had cervical cancer, was HIV infected, and had multiple high-risk infections with HPV 26, 35, and 58. HPV 16, 6, and 81 had two variants each. HPV 16 in this study clustered with HPV from Iran and Africa. This study shows the circulation of other HPV 35, 52, 73, 81, 31, 51, 45, 58, and 26 in the Kenyan population that play important roles in cancer etiology but are not included in the HPV vaccine. Data from this study could inform vaccination strategies. Additionally, this data will be useful in future epidemiological studies of HPV in Nairobi as the introduction or development of new variants can be detected.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among Italian Women Referred for a Colposcopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5000
Author(s):  
Marianna Martinelli ◽  
Rosario Musumeci ◽  
Illari Sechi ◽  
Giovanni Sotgiu ◽  
Andrea Piana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) represent a major cause of morbidity in women and men worldwide. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections are among the most prevalent STIs and persistent infections with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes can cause cervical dysplasia and invasive cervical cancer. The association of other STIs with HPV cervical infection and/or dysplasia has however not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HPV and other STIs among women presenting with an abnormal cervical cytology. Cervical infections with 28 HPV genotypes and seven other sexually transmitted pathogens were evaluated in 177 women referred for a colposcopy after an abnormal Pap smear. Positivity for at least one hrHPV genotype was shown in 87% of women; HPV 16 was the most prevalent (25.0%), followed by HPV 31 and HPV 51. The overall positivity for other STIs was 49.2%, with Ureaplasma parvum being the most prevalent microrganism (39.0%). Co-infections between hrHPV and other STIs were demonstrated in 17.5% of women; no significant association was demonstrated between multiple infections and the colposcopy findings. This study provides new epidemiological data on the prevalence of cervical infections associated with HPV and seven other common sexually transmitted pathogens in a population of women presenting with an abnormal cervical cytology.

Human papillomavirus genotype prevalence in cervical biopsies from women diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer in Melbourne, Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017-1024
Author(s):  
M. P. Stevens ◽  
S. N. Tabrizi ◽  
M. A. Quinn ◽  
S. M. Garland
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Phase Iii Clinical Trials ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv 18

Multicenter international phase III clinical trials using multivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines for cervical cancer (CC) prevention are underway. As HPV immunity is type specific, defining HPV genotype prevalence in different regions to ascertain whether predominant types differ geographically is considerably important prior to vaccine implementation. This study aimed to define HPV genotypes present in CC and high-grade dysplasia among women in Melbourne, Australia. HPV genotype analysis of a cross section of women in Melbourne with cervical dysplasia/cancer was performed. A total of 493 cervical biopsies from patients being treated for moderate (n = 122) or severe (n = 180) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II/III) or CC (n = 191) were tested for HPV genotypes using the PGMY09/11 primer system and line blot assay. HPV detection rates were 63.9%, 72.8%, and 86.9% in CIN II, CIN III, and CC biopsies, respectively. The most prevalent HPV genotypes among CC biopsies were HPV-16 (52.9%), HPV-18 (18.3%), HPV-45 (6.3%), HPV-39 (3.1%), and HPV-73 (2.6%). Multiple HPV infections, comprising two to five types, were identified in 14.4% of biopsies, being significantly fewer (5.2%) among CC biopsies (P < 0.0001). These results indicate that the two most prevalent CC-associated HPV genotypes in Australia parallel those described internationally, with type variations thereafter.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution in Cervical Swab Samples in Istanbul, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1190-1196
Author(s):  
Sema Alacam ◽  
Ayfer Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cervical Swab ◽  
Hpv Genotypes

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection agent worldwide and, with high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes, is the main factor for development of cervical cancer. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV and distribution of HR-HPV genotypes in cervical swab samples and compare them with demographic and clinical data. Methodology: Cervical swab samples of 2,285 women between the age of 17 and 76 were assessed between January 2018 and October 2020 in order to obtain the data of Turkey. Fifteen different HR-HPV genotypes were determined using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction test. Results: HPV was positive in 36.3% (829/2,285) of DNA samples. Prevalence of multiple HR-HPV infection was 40.7%. Of the women, 30.9% (256/829) were infected with HPV16, 14.6% (121/829) with HPV39, and 14.2% (118/829) with HPV51. The most frequently detected genotypes with HPV16 were HPV31, HPV39 and HPV52, respectively. In women with cervical dysplasia, HPV16, 31, and 39 were the most common, and in women with genital warts, HPV16, 59 and 66 were most common, respectively. The highest HR-HPV prevalence was detected in the 17-34 age group (44.1%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of HR-HPV was 36.3% in this study. High prevalence (44.1%) especially in young women was consistent with findings in literature. The most common HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16, 39 and 51, respectively. Determining the prevalence and genotypes of HR-HPV playing role in the etiology of cervical cancer will be guiding for measures on prevention of cervical cancer and research on preventive vaccines.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus in Invasive Cervical Cancer, Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Asymptomatic Women in Southeast China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelian Wang ◽  
Yanli Zeng ◽  
Xiumin Huang ◽  
Youzhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Hpv Genotypes

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women and it is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). High variation has been reported in the attribution of specific HPV genotypes to cervical neoplasia among various geographic regions. For effective control of cervical cancer through HPV vaccination, it is essential to estimate the cost-effectiveness of vaccination, to monitor the potential transition into other HPV genotypes, and to understand the distribution of specific HPV genotypes across a specific geographic region. In this study, the distribution of HPV genotypes was investigated in southeast China, from 2011 to 2016. The 12,816 cervical swabs collected from women (age 18–78 years, median 43.6 years) outpatients were analyzed. HPV prevalence among 12,816 cervical swabs analyzed was 22.3% (2,856/12,816). Among these positive cases, 2,216 had only one HPV genotype while 640 had multiple HPV genotypes. The cases with multiple types revealed 23 different HPV genotypes with the five most prevalent being HPV18 (18.2%), HPV52 (14.1%), HPV16 (11.9%), HPV58 (10.6%), and HPV33 (5.5%). The rates of HPV infection in patients with cervical inflammation, CIN-1, CIN-2, CIN-3, squamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma were 38.4%, 80.5%, 82.6%, 92.3%, 97.5%, and 93.4%, respectively. Four HPV genotypes, HPV18, HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58, were more prevalent in patients with CIN-2-CIN-3 and invasive cervical cancer. A comparison of HPV genotypes attribution to cervical cancer between southeast China and global incidences revealed distinct differences. Due to this unique prevalence, it is essential to streamline the vaccination development protocol prior to administering vaccines based on global data.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2/3 and Cervical Cancer in Portugal: A CLEOPATRE II Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Pista ◽  
Carlos Freire de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Lopes ◽  
Maria João Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Hpv Genotypes

ObjectiveCervical cancer is the third most frequent cancer in women, worldwide and etiologically associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). Following the results of the first epidemiologic population-based CLEOPATRE study in Portugal, it was important to understand the HPV type-specific distribution in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2 and 3 and invasive cervical cancer (ICC).MethodsThis was an observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. Between January 2008 and May 2009, paraffin-embedded samples of histologically confirmed cases of CIN2, CIN3, and ICC were collected from the 5 regional health administrations in mainland Portugal. Eligible samples were sent to 2 central laboratories for histological reassessment and HPV genotyping. Prevalence estimates were calculated together with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 582 samples, 177 cases of CIN2, 341 of CIN3, and 64 of ICC, were included. The mean age of participants was 41.8 years (range, 20–88 years). The overall HPV prevalence was 97.9% with a higher prevalence of high-risk genotypes, particularly HPV 16. Multiple infections were observed in 11.2% of the cases. Human papillomavirus prevalence was 95.5% in CIN2, 99.4% in CIN3, and 96.9% in ICC. The 8 more frequent genotypes in order of decreasing frequency were HPV 16, 31, 58, 33, 51, 52, 18, and 35 in CIN2 and HPV 16, 31, 33, 58, 52, 35, 18, and 51 in CIN3. In ICC cases, the 12 detected HPV genotypes were HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, and 73. However, HPV 53 and 73 were always associated to other high-risk genotypes. Human papillomavirus types 31, 51, 52, 56, and 59 were detected in 1 case each.ConclusionsHuman papillomavirus prevalence and patterns of type-specific HPV positivity were comparable with other studies. Current HPV vaccines should protect against HPV genotypes responsible for 77.4% of ICC in Portugal.

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