Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution in Cervical Swab Samples in Istanbul, Turkey

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection agent worldwide and, with high-risk (HR) HPV genotypes, is the main factor for development of cervical cancer. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HPV and distribution of HR-HPV genotypes in cervical swab samples and compare them with demographic and clinical data. Methodology: Cervical swab samples of 2,285 women between the age of 17 and 76 were assessed between January 2018 and October 2020 in order to obtain the data of Turkey. Fifteen different HR-HPV genotypes were determined using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction test. Results: HPV was positive in 36.3% (829/2,285) of DNA samples. Prevalence of multiple HR-HPV infection was 40.7%. Of the women, 30.9% (256/829) were infected with HPV16, 14.6% (121/829) with HPV39, and 14.2% (118/829) with HPV51. The most frequently detected genotypes with HPV16 were HPV31, HPV39 and HPV52, respectively. In women with cervical dysplasia, HPV16, 31, and 39 were the most common, and in women with genital warts, HPV16, 59 and 66 were most common, respectively. The highest HR-HPV prevalence was detected in the 17-34 age group (44.1%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of HR-HPV was 36.3% in this study. High prevalence (44.1%) especially in young women was consistent with findings in literature. The most common HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16, 39 and 51, respectively. Determining the prevalence and genotypes of HR-HPV playing role in the etiology of cervical cancer will be guiding for measures on prevention of cervical cancer and research on preventive vaccines.

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Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women living in remote riverine communities in the Amazonas, Brazil

10.21203/rs.2.12030/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Marco Antonio Zonta ◽

Karina Bonilha Roque ◽

Yara Juliano ◽

Anne Liljander ◽

Markus Cavalar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Remote Areas ◽

Hpv Types ◽

Crucial Part

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Since some HPV types are associated with the development of cervical cancer, routine screening for HPV plays a crucial part in cancer prevention programs at global level. In Brazil, the cervical cancer rate is among the highest in the world, in particular in indigenous women living in remote areas with limited access to public health services. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infections and their co-occurrence with cervical lesions in Brazilian women living in isolated riverine communities. Moreover, the association between social environment, sexual activity and prevalence of HPV infection was assessed.

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Human Papillomavirus: Epidemiology and Public Health

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2003-127-930-hpeaph ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 127 (8) ◽

pp. 930-934 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mark Schiffman ◽

Philip E. Castle

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽

Viral Persistence ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Sexually Transmitted

Abstract Approximately 15 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection cause virtually all cases of cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus 16 is the major type, accounting for approximately 50% of cases. The major steps of cervical carcinogenesis include HPV infection, viral persistence and progression to precancer (as opposed to viral clearance), and invasion. Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection. However, most HPV infections become undetectable by even sensitive HPV DNA testing within 1 to 2 years. The prevalence of infection peaks at young ages and declines thereafter, perhaps as the result of HPV type-specific acquired immunity. Most HPV infections are neither microscopically evident nor visible, making HPV DNA detection the diagnostic reference standard. Poorly defined immunologic factors are the major determinants of viral outcome. Smoking, multiparity, and long-term oral contraceptive use increase the risk of persistence and progression. Other sexually transmitted infections (eg, Chlamydia trachomatis), chronic inflammation, and nutritional factors might also play a role. Overt, long-term viral persistence in the absence of precancer is uncommon. New prevention strategies can be derived from the evolving knowledge of HPV carcinogenesis. Human papillomavirus vaccination is the ultimate prevention strategy, and large-scale trials are already underway. In the meantime, HPV DNA diagnostics are more sensitive although less specific than cytology, permitting a consideration of lengthened screening intervals. In terms of public health education, clinicians and patients will need to shift discussions of the mildly abnormal Papanicolaou test to consideration of HPV infection as a common sexually transmitted infection that rarely causes cervical cancer.

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Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Cervical Cancer

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1097/igc.0b013e318259d904 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1063-1068 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Teeraporn Chinchai ◽

Jira Chansaenroj ◽

Sukumarn Swangvaree ◽

Pairoj Junyangdikul ◽

Yong Poovorawan

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Papanicolaou Test ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Hpv Genotypes ◽

High Risk Hpv

Background and ObjectiveCervical cancer is the second most common female genital cancer worldwide. There is strong epidemiological and molecular evidence indicating that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary event in the development of cervical intraepithelial lesion and subsequent invasive carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the HPV genotype distribution and prevalence in cervical cancer of Thai women.Materials and MethodsOne hundred fifty-five cervical cancer specimens were enrolled in this study. The HPV genotypes were determined by means of the combined use of a line probe assay (INNO-LiPA) and DNA chip methods.ResultsOf the overall prevalence of HPV in the study group, 83.2% and 11.6% of the cases had single and multiple genotype infections, respectively. The most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16 (51%), followed by HPV 18 (20%), HPV 52 (10.3%), HPV 58 (5.8%), and HPV 33 (4.5%). All HPV genotypes found in this study could be classified as 13 high-risk HPV, 2 low-risk HPV, and 2 additional types. Of the specimens, 94.8% had at least one high-risk HPV genotype infection.ConclusionAs for the potential benefits of commercially available prophylactic vaccines to prevent HPV infection in Thailand, both vaccines (bivalent and quadrivalent) can protect from HPV-related cervical cancer in only approximately 71%. Therefore, screening programs such as routine Papanicolaou test, cytology, and HPV DNA detection are still essential for cervical cancer prevention. Moreover, future generations of HPV vaccines should also include the other most common genotypes and decrease the severe adverse effects reported at the present time.

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Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus in Invasive Cervical Cancer, Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia, and Asymptomatic Women in Southeast China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/2897937 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xuelian Wang ◽

Yanli Zeng ◽

Xiumin Huang ◽

Youzhong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Effective Control ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Southeast China ◽

Hpv Genotypes

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women and it is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). High variation has been reported in the attribution of specific HPV genotypes to cervical neoplasia among various geographic regions. For effective control of cervical cancer through HPV vaccination, it is essential to estimate the cost-effectiveness of vaccination, to monitor the potential transition into other HPV genotypes, and to understand the distribution of specific HPV genotypes across a specific geographic region. In this study, the distribution of HPV genotypes was investigated in southeast China, from 2011 to 2016. The 12,816 cervical swabs collected from women (age 18–78 years, median 43.6 years) outpatients were analyzed. HPV prevalence among 12,816 cervical swabs analyzed was 22.3% (2,856/12,816). Among these positive cases, 2,216 had only one HPV genotype while 640 had multiple HPV genotypes. The cases with multiple types revealed 23 different HPV genotypes with the five most prevalent being HPV18 (18.2%), HPV52 (14.1%), HPV16 (11.9%), HPV58 (10.6%), and HPV33 (5.5%). The rates of HPV infection in patients with cervical inflammation, CIN-1, CIN-2, CIN-3, squamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma were 38.4%, 80.5%, 82.6%, 92.3%, 97.5%, and 93.4%, respectively. Four HPV genotypes, HPV18, HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58, were more prevalent in patients with CIN-2-CIN-3 and invasive cervical cancer. A comparison of HPV genotypes attribution to cervical cancer between southeast China and global incidences revealed distinct differences. Due to this unique prevalence, it is essential to streamline the vaccination development protocol prior to administering vaccines based on global data.

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Prevalence of High Risk HPV in HIV-Infected Women From Belém, Pará, Amazon Region of Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.649152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro ◽

Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca ◽

Tuane Carolina de Sousa Ferreira ◽

Luana Lorena Silva Rodrigues ◽

Andreza Reis Brasil da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

High Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Sexual Partners ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

High Risk Hpv

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the genotype diversity of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. From April 2010 to December 2012 cervical specimens were collected from 169 HIV-infected women who screening for cervical cancer at Reference Unit in Belém. The detection of HPV infection was performed by nested PCR and HPV type was performed using a commercial system. The prevalence of HPV infection was 63.3%. Of the 47 genotyped samples, 40.4% was found positive for high risk-HPV 16 and 12.8% for high risk-HPV 52. HPV infection was predominant in the group of women with no incidence of cytological abnormalities and more prevalent in women of reproductive age, unmarried, low education level, and who reported use condoms during sexual intercourse. It was observed an association between HPV infection and independent variables, such as condom use, multiple sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted diseases. High-risk types of HPV infection were prevalent in our study. Infection with multiple high-risk HPV genotypes may potentiate the development of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women.

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Positivity and prevalence of human papillomavirus among a large population of Hakka women in southern China

10.21203/rs.2.9332/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sudong Liu ◽

Xiaodong Gu ◽

Ruiqiang Weng ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Zhixiong Zhong

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Screening Program ◽

Southern China ◽

Large Population ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Specific Distribution ◽

Hpv Genotypes

Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are known to be the main cause of cervical cancer. Thus, detecting HPV genotypes is of great significance for cervical cancer screening. To formulate strategies for prevention of cervical cancer, we studied the HPV infection prevalence and age-specific distribution of female in Hakka area of southern China. Method From January, 2016 to July, 2018, 36,871 women from gynecological or reproductive center of Meizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University were recruited in this study. HPV genotypes was detected by flow cytometry method. Results HPV infection was observed in 18.34% of the participants, and approximately 79.98% of them were infected with high-risk HPV. The 5 most prevalent genotypes were HPV 52 (18.18%), HPV 16 (16.06%), HPV 58 (11.37%), HPV 53 (8.82%) and HPV 39 (6.42%). The most intensive HPV infections were observed in women aged 40-49 and women aged 30-59 added up to 79.62% of positive patients. Conclusion The high HPV infection rate in this Hakka area highlighted the necessity of screening program for HPV infection and cervical cancer among women. The findings of HPV genotypes and the age specific distribution of HPV infection in this area will contribute to the future vaccine development.

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Distribution and Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Cervical Specimens

Flora the Journal of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.5578/flora.68958 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 325-331

Author(s):

Erkan Özmen ◽

Ülkü Altoparlak ◽

Muhammet Hamidullah Uyanık ◽

Abdulkadir Gülen

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Age Groups ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

High Rate ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Hpv Dna ◽

Hpv Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is frequently a sexually transmitted virus and can cause cervical cancer in women. Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among the developing countries. In this study, cervical HPV DNA positivity and genotype distributions were investigated in female patients living in our region and the results were compared with different studies. Materials and Methods: Between 1 July, 2017 and 1 March, 2019, 433 cervical swabs were sent to Ataturk University, Medical Faculty Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory due to suspicion of HPV. Swab samples were evaluated for HPV virus using molecular (Polymerase Chain Reaction-PCR) methods. For this purpose, Xpert HPV Test (Cepheid, Inc, Sunnyvale, CA) was used to identify HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68 t in a single sample. Results: Mean age of the patients ranged from 20 to 69 years, with a mean of 39.8 years (± 10.0). Positivity was detected in 62 of the 433 patients. Mean age of the positive patients was 40.2 years (± 11.3). When the positive patients were examined in terms of HPV types, the presence of HPV 16 was observed with a rate of 25.6%, while the HPV 18/45 types were found to be 9.0% in total. When patients were evaluated according to age groups, HPV DNA positivity was highest in the 25-34 age group with 38.7%. In our statistical study, there was no significant difference in HPV DNA positivity rate between the ages of 35 and under 35 years. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the prevalence and viral genotype distribution of HPV infection in women in Erzurum region. HPV type 16 is seen with a high rate in our region.

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Review of Evidence and Recommendation for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination of Canadian Males Over the Age of 26 Years

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1203475420911635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 285-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alex Derstenfeld ◽

Kyle Cullingham ◽

Zhuo Cai Ran ◽

Ivan V. Litvinov

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Older Men ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Vaccination Programs ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Control And Prevention

Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains the most common sexually transmitted infection with a lifetime incidence of over 75%. Based on US data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 64% of invasive HPV-associated cancers are attributable to HPV 16 or 18 (65% for females; 63% males) and may be prevented by vaccination with either the quadrivalent or nonavalent HPV vaccine. Public HPV vaccination programs are now the norm for women aged 9-45 years and men aged 9-26 years in Canada. Yet, only recently have guidelines begun to consider vaccination of men older than 26 years of age. There now exist compelling reasons to recommend vaccination against HPV amongst males >26 years of age. Recognizing that the risks posed by HPV infection persist beyond 26 years of age, that the vaccination of men aged 26-45 years with HPV vaccine confers immunogenicity at levels demonstrably efficacious against HPV-related diseases, and that the Food and Drug Administration recently expanded the HPV vaccination to include older men, it is argued that HPV vaccination in men older than 26 years of age should be routinely recommended.

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Human papillomavirus genotype distribution in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 and invasive cervical cancer among Hakka women in southern China

10.21203/rs.2.9816/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaodong Gu ◽

Ruiqiang Weng ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Sudong Liu

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Southern China ◽

Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Histological Diagnosis ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Hpv Genotypes

Abstract Background: To investigate HPV genotype distribution in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 (CIN2/3) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) among Hakka women in southern China. Methods: Results of HPV genotypes from women with histological diagnosis of CIN2/3 and ICC were collected from January, 2017 to December, 2018. HPV genotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry method. Association of HPV infection and lesions severity was estimated using prevalence ratio (PR). Results: Overall, 1,408 Hakka women with histological diagnosis of CIN2/3 and ICC were enrolled in this study. HPV infection prevalence was 92.92% in CIN2, 95.77% in CIN3 and 95.88% in ICC. Most frequent genotypes for CIN2 were HPV52 (31.42%), HPV16 (22.12%) and HPV58 (22.12%); for CIN3 were HPV16 (41.90%), HPV52 (20.77%) and HPV58 (18.31%); and for ICC were HPV16 (49.67%), HPV18 (11.25%) and HPV52 (9.80%). PR of HPV16 and HPV33 were significantly higher in CIN3 compared with CIN2 (PR = 2.372, 95%CI = 1.598-3.524; PR = 2.577, 95%CI = 1.250-5.310; respectively). HPV16 and HPV18 prevalence were significantly increasing in SCC compared with CIN3 (PR = 2.517, 95%CI = 1.095-5.786; PR = 2.473, 95%CI = 1.840-3.324; respectively). Most HPV infections were found in women aged 40 – 49 years in CIN2/3 and women aged 50 - 59 years in ICC. Conclusions: This is the first study of genotypes and age specific distribution of HPV infection among Hakka women with CIN2/3 and ICC in southern China. Our results provide available information for HPV vaccine development in China.

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Clinical comparison of two human papillomavirus detection assays: GenoFlow and reverse line blot

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.11769 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (01) ◽

pp. 97-103

Author(s):

Fatimah S Alhamlan ◽

Hadeel H Khayat ◽

Dalia A Obeid ◽

Asma M Tulba ◽

Teejan S Baduwais ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Reverse Line Blot ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Test Results ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Hpv Genotypes ◽

Hpv Types

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is typically critical in the oncogenesis of cervical cancer. However, available HPV detection kits differ in their ability and sensitivity to detect various types of HPV, and this variability has led to inconsistencies in the reporting of the geographic prevalence of HPV types, especially in developing countries. Here, we compared results of the recently developed GenoFlow HPV array test, which detects 33 HPV genotypes, to those of the well-established reverse line blot (RLB) assay, which detects 23 HPV types. Methodology: In total, 608 cervical specimens with cytology results ranging from normal to cancer were collected using an endocervical brush from women attending outpatient clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: Sixty-nine specimens (11%) were positive for HPV. HPV genotype detection using the GenoFlow test had a sensitivity of 62% and a specificity of 100%. Overall agreement between the two HPV genotyping methods was 97%, with a concordance rate of 95%. Among the GenoFlow test results, 2% indicated additional HPV types that were not detected in the RLB assay, whereas the GenoFlow test missed 0.3% of the HPV types that were detected by the RLB; however, both tests were in agreement in detecting all major HPV types. Conclusion: The GenoFlow test was reliable, with results comparable to the RLB test. However, because the GenoFlow test is less labor-intensive and takes less total time (3 hours), it is a promising, affordable alternative to the RLB for HPV diagnosis and screening programs.

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