scholarly journals The Insurgence of Tramadol Abuse among the Most Active Population in Jirapa Municipality: A Study to Assess the Magnitude of the Abuse and Its Contributory Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ferguson Saapiire ◽  
Godfrey Namillah ◽  
Vincent Tanye ◽  
Abdulai Abubakari
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Related Substance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Background. Tramadol has gained popularity among the drugs of the most active population especially the respondents in Ghana abuse especially farmers who nicknamed as “farm and buy cow.” It has recently become a public health concern, and stakeholders are worried about tramadol abuse and its implications on health in the Upper West Region. The study sought to measure the prevalence of tramadol/related substance abuse and the associated factors. Methods. A community-based analytic cross-sectional study involving 420 respondents was conducted. The participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Semistructured questionnaire was used to generate the data. Results. About 77.6% of the respondents abuse tramadol while 83.9% of the participants take at least one other related substance or drug. Participants with history of any substance abuse were 5 times more likely to abuse tramadol [ AOR = 5.15 ; 95% CI (1.501-17.656); p = 0.009 ], compared to respondents with no history of any substance abuse. Respondents who take tramadol to enhance sex were 4 times more likely to abuse tramadol [ AOR = 3.776 ; 95% CI (1.352-10.545); p = 0.011 ]. Formal sector employment was protective against tramadol abuse [ AOR = 0.100 ; 95% CI (0.017-0.595); p = 0.011 ] compared to self-employment and the unemployed. In addition, use of nonopioid prescription drugs for posttraumatic/pain management reduced the risk of tramadol abuse [ AOR = 0.237 ; 95% CI (0088-0.640); p = 0.004 ] compared to the posttraumatic/pain management dependence on prescription of only opioid like tramadol. Conclusion. An infantile municipality like Jirapa is challenged with high level of tramadol and related substance which has serious repercussion on the health system in the Jirapa district. It is important that measures are taken by the stakeholders to stop tramadol and related substance and mitigate the impact of drug abuse in the district.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Tramadol-Associated Seizure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 26674.1-26674.5
Author(s):  
Maryam Zaare Nahandi ◽  
◽  
Sayna Abbaszadeh ◽  
Mostafa Mansouri ◽  
Haniyeh Elahifard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Tramadol is a widely prescribed analgesic and due to its opioid-like effects, the potential for abuse of tramadol is noticeable. Besides, the complications of tramadol abuse have become a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the affecting factors on the seizure, as one of the most common complications of tramadol consumption. Methods: A total number of 64 patients from 315 patients who were referred to Sina Hospital, Tabriz, Iran because of tramadol toxicity were included in this 9 months cross-sectional retrospective study. Results: There were 52 males and 12 females in the study. The seizure happened in 53.1% of the subjects and the Mean±SD time between tramadol consumption and seizure was 5.9±7.36 hours. There was no significant association between seizure and sex, age, the dose of tramadol, and previous tramadol consumption history. A significant association was seen between the dose of tramadol and the time of seizure. Conclusion: Seizure that happens due to tramadol overdose is not dependent on sex, age, and previous history of tramadol consumption. As the dose of tramadol is higher, the seizure happens later. More research is needed to understand why the seizure occurs later in higher doses.

scholarly journals Impact of a Smoking Cessation Quitline in Vietnam: Evidence Base and Future Directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2538
Author(s):  
Chau Quy Ngo ◽  
Phuong Thu Phan ◽  
Giap Van Vu ◽  
Quyen Thi Le Pham ◽  
Hanh Thi Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Early Action ◽  
The Impact

Smoking is considered the most critical modifiable factor with regard to lung cancer and remains a public health concern in many countries, including Vietnam, which is among those countries with the highest tobacco consumption rates in the world. This study has examined the impact of national telephone counselling for smoking cessation and has identified the factors associated with the impact of the quitline among male callers in Vietnam. A randomized cross-sectional survey of 469 smokers who sought smoking cessation services via the national quitline was performed from September 2015 to May 2016. The primary outcomes were measured by a self-reported quit rate at the time of assessment, 7 day point prevalence abstinence (PA), 6 month prolonged PA, service satisfaction, and level of motivation. Among the participants, 31.6% were abstinent, and 5.1% of participants successfully stopped smoking and did not need to seek quitline support. Most of the clients were satisfied with the quality of service (88.5%), felt more confident about quitting (74.3%), and took early action via their first quit attempt (81.7%); 18.3% reported a more than 7 day abstinence period at the time of survey. The primary reasons for smoking relapse were surrounding smoking environments (51.6%) and craving symptoms (44.1%). Future smoking cessation efforts should focus on improving the quality of quitline services, client satisfaction, and developing a tailored program and counseling targeting smokers with specific characteristics, especially ones experiencing chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Baseline characteristics and comorbidities in the CAnadian REgistry for Pulmonary Fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Fisher ◽  
M. Kolb ◽  
M. Algamdi ◽  
J. Morisset ◽  
K. A. Johannson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Full Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The CAnadian REgistry for Pulmonary Fibrosis (CARE-PF) is a multi-center, prospective registry designed to study the natural history of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) in adults. The aim of this cross-sectional sub-study was to describe the baseline characteristics, risk factors, and comorbidities of patients enrolled in CARE-PF to date. Methods Patients completed study questionnaires and clinical measurements at enrollment and each follow-up visit. Environmental exposures were assessed by patient self-report and comorbidities by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Baseline characteristics, exposures, and comorbidities were described for the overall study population and for incident cases, and were compared across ILD subtypes. Results The full cohort included 1285 patients with ILD (961 incident cases (74.8%)). Diagnoses included connective tissue disease-associated ILD (33.3%), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (24.7%), unclassifiable ILD (22.3%), chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) (7.5%), sarcoidosis (3.2%), non-IPF idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (3.0%, including idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) in 0.9%), and other ILDs (6.0%). Patient-reported exposures were most frequent amongst chronic HP, but common across all ILD subtypes. The CCI was ≤2 in 81% of patients, with a narrow distribution and range of values. Conclusions CTD-ILD, IPF, and unclassifiable ILD made up 80% of ILD diagnoses at ILD referral centers in Canada, while idiopathic NSIP was rare when adhering to recommended diagnostic criteria. CCI had a very narrow distribution across our cohort suggesting it may be a poor discriminator in assessing the impact of comorbidities on patients with ILD.

scholarly journals Hypertension status among the adult population in a rural community of Keraniganj Upazila, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mediscope ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
A Farhana ◽  
M Shakil ◽  
BU Khan ◽  
MS Laskar ◽  
M Alam
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Prevention ◽  
Fatty Food ◽  
History Of

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a growing public health concern among the Bangladeshi adult population. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive type of study was to estimate the proportion of hypertension in an adult population of Keraniganj Upazila, Dhaka. The sample size was 199 selected purposively. Among them, 53.8% were female, 82.4% Muslims. Of the total respondents, 15.6% were hypertensive and highest proportion (29.0%) of hypertensive patients was found in the age group of ≥50-<60 years. The study revealed that people who took extra fatty food for 3-5 days per week, people who took extra salt in their food, respondents had a positive family history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus were more prone to develop hypertension. The study also revealed that smokers were in higher risk of development of hypertension than the non-smokers were and the rate of hypertension was 36.8% among those having higher waist circumference within 100 cm - 109 cm than those having lower waist circumference within 60 cm - 69 cm. Newly identified hypertensive cases were 7.0% of the study population. Results of this study have profound implications for hypertension prevention programs in the rural community, pointing out the need for increased focus in addressing hypertension along with its all background causes.Mediscope Vol. 5, No. 2: Jul 2018, Page 21-29

scholarly journals The impact of diabetes on multiple avoidable admissions: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Seringa ◽  
Ana Patrícia Marques ◽  
Bruno Moita ◽  
Cátia Gaspar ◽  
João Filipe Raposo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Multiple admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) are responsible for an important proportion of health care expenditures. Diabetes is one of the conditions consensually classified as an ACSC being considered a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of diabetes on the occurrence of multiple admissions for ACSC. Methods We analysed inpatient data of all public Portuguese NHS hospitals from 2013 to 2015 on multiple admissions for ACSC among adults aged 18 or older. Multiple ACSC users were identified if they had two or more admissions for any ACSC during the period of analysis. Two logistic regression models were computed. A baseline model where a logistic regression was performed to assess the association between multiple admissions and the presence of diabetes, adjusting for age and sex. A full model to test if diabetes had no constant association with multiple admissions by any ACSC across age groups. Results Among 301,334 ACSC admissions, 144,209 (47.9%) were classified as multiple admissions and from those, 59,436 had diabetes diagnosis, which corresponded to 23,692 patients. Patients with diabetes were 1.49 times (p < 0,001) more likely to be admitted multiple times for any ACSC than patients without diabetes. Younger adults with diabetes (18–39 years old) were more likely to become multiple users. Conclusion Diabetes increases the risk of multiple admissions for ACSC, especially in younger adults. Diabetes presence is associated with a higher resource utilization, which highlights the need for the implementation of adequate management of chronic diseases policies.

Minimizing Variability in Interpretation Modality Among Spanish-Speaking Patients With Limited English Proficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Seiichi Villalona ◽  
Christian Jeannot ◽  
Mery Yanez Yuncosa ◽  
W. Alex Webb ◽  
Carol Boxtha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limited English Proficiency ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Communication Modalities ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Provider–patient language discrepancies can lead to misunderstandings about follow-up care instructions and decreased adherence to treatment that may contribute to disparities in health outcomes among patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). This observational study aimed to understand how emergency department (ED) staff went about treating patients with LEP and examine the impact of consistent interpretation modality on overall patient satisfaction and comprehension. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Spanish-speaking patients with LEP presenting to the ED. A survey was administered at two different time points: after patients provided their history of present illness and after the patient received information regarding follow-up treatment. Results: Analysis of average visual analog scale (VAS) scores by consistency of interpretation suggested higher overall scores among participants that received care via the same communication modalities during both the history of present illness and at disposition, when compared with patients that did not. At both time points, video-based interpretation was associated with higher VAS scores in comparison to other modalities, whereas phone-based interpretation was associated with lower VAS scores. Conclusion: Providing consistent modes of interpretation to patient’s with LEP throughout their ED visits improved their overall satisfaction of care provided and understandings of discharge instructions.

scholarly journals The Investigation of Tramadol Dependence with No History of Substance Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Spontaneously Reported Cases in Guangzhou City, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Abuse Potential ◽  
Opiate Withdrawal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
History Of

The study was to survey and assess the drug dependence and abuse potential of tramadol with no history of substance abuse. Subjects of tramadol dependence with no prior history of substance abuse were surveyed by interview. Physical dependence of tramadol was assessed using 10 items opiate withdrawal scale (OWS), and psychological dependence was assessed by Addiction Research Center Inventory—Chinese Version (ARCI-CV). Twenty-three male subjects (the median age was23.4±4.1years) referred to the addiction unit in Medical Hospital of Guangzhou with tramadol abuse problems were included in this cross-sectional study. The control group included 87 heroin addicts, 60 methamphetamine (MA) abusers, and 50 healthy men. The scores of OWS of tramadol were 0.83–2.30; the mean scores of identifying euphoric effects–MBG, sedative effects–PCAG, and psychotomimetic effects–LSD of ARCI were8.96±3.08,6.52±3.25, and6.65±2.50, respectively,F= 4.927,P<0.001. Scores of MBG scale in tramadol did not differ from those in heroin and MA groups (P>0.05) but were higher than those in healthy men (P<0.05). Tramadol with no history of substance abuse has a clear risk of producing high abuse potential under the long-term infrequent abuse and the high doses.

Prescribers' perceptions on the impact of hydrocodone rescheduling on geriatric pain management: A qualitative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-326
Author(s):  
Julianna Fernandez, PharmD, BCPS, CGP ◽  
James Douglas Thornton, PhD, PharmD, BCPS ◽  
Sanika Rege, MS ◽  
Benjamin Lewing, MS ◽  
Shweta Bapat, BPharm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To qualitatively assess prescribers’ perceptions regarding the consequences associated with hydrocodone rescheduling among geriatric patients being discharged from inpatient settings.Design: This was a cross-sectional study.Setting: Two focus groups were conducted by a trained facilitator in a metropolitan academic medical center in January 2016.Participants: Prescribers who manage noncancer pain for geriatric patients were recruited. Focus groups were recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed using ATLAS.ti Qualitative Data Analysis software. Codes were derived from six primary research questions and results were summarized into key themes regarding the impact of rescheduling.Main outcome measures: Prescribers’ perceptions regarding hydrocodone rescheduling.Results: Prescribers mentioned that they review the prescription monitoring program (PMP) more often before prescribing opioids after rescheduling. They expressed concern regarding the required special serialized prescription forms needed to issue schedule II prescriptions. This led to substituting hydrocodone with potentially less effective pain medications, the inability to issue refills on hydrocodone prescriptions, and an ethical concern over prescribing hydrocodone to patients not under their direct care. Additionally, rescheduling has affected the coordination of care upon discharge, as patients moving to long-term care or skilled nursing facilities may not have adequate pain management when transferred.Conclusions: The majority of physicians felt rescheduling negatively impacted both practical and ethical aspects of patient care related to pain management after discharge. Rescheduling has changed physicians’ hydrocodone prescribing patterns, leading to more caution when prescribing hydrocodone and greater use of the PMP. Future studies should assess geriatric patients’ satisfaction and quality of life regarding pain management since hydrocodone was rescheduled.

scholarly journals Unplanned Pregnancy and Its Associated Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Muslimah Yusof ◽  
Azah Abdul Samad ◽  
Maisarah Omar ◽  
Noor Ani Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

INTRODUCTION: Unplanned pregnancy is a major public health concern globally. Numerous studies found various factors that can predict or determine unplanned pregnancy. However, there were no studies that reported this problem in Malaysia. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy in Malaysia and the associated factors.METHODS: This nationwide cross-sectional study targeted to women at postpartum period at government primary health care clinics throughout Malaysia. Structured questionnaire with face-to-face interview was used for data collection. The factors studied included mothers’ age, husband’s age, ethnicity, religion, marital status, education, occupation, household income, polygamous marriage, family support, contraception used, and disagreement of husband on contraception, smoking and alcohol consumption. History of emotional, physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) were also studied.RESULTS: A total of 5727 Malaysian postpartum mothers were involved in this survey. The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 42.9% (95% CI: 38.6, 47.4). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that older mothers aged 45-49 years old (aOR: 8.010; 95%CI: 1.909, 33.013) and Muslim mothers (aOR: 2.465; 95%CI: 1.432-4.241) were significantly associated with unplanned pregnancy. In terms of household income, mothers with less than RM1000 per month were 1.712 (95% CI: 1.080, 2.713) times more likely to have unplanned pregnancy. The other significant associated factor was history of emotional intimate partner violence; aOR [1.720 (95% CI: 1.011, 2.925)].CONCLUSIONS: Unplanned pregnancies were observed to be higher among older Muslim women from low income family. A possibility of unmet need for family planning should be considered and appropriate intervention strategies planned for these at-risk population. 

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