scholarly journals A GIS-Based Modeling Approach for Determining the Efficiency of the Traffic System between Ancient Military Castles

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lifeng Tan ◽  
Huanjie Liu ◽  
Jiayin Zhou ◽  
Yukun Zhang ◽  
Jiayi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Actual Distribution ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Chinese Military ◽  
Transportation Routes

Ancient Chinese military castles were equipped with rapid transportation routes for mutual aid, and this was an essential indicator of regional defense capability. However, since the sites of these transportation routes have mostly disappeared, it is not easy to examine the actual distribution of these routes. It is necessary to speculate the trend and position of military routes on the basis of the castle locations. In this study, the geographic features of each castle location were extracted as factors affecting the efficiency of the intercastle transportation system using the ArcGIS cost path function. By analyzing the fit of each factor for screening and weight assignment, a time cost path was established, and a model was generated for calculating the efficiency of this transportation system. The Weihai area, a typical representation of sea defense during the Chinese Ming Dynasty, was taken as an example for simulation. Overall, five ancient military transportation routes were restored. The establishment of the Ming Dynasty Wendengying transformed the linear defense layout of the Weihai region into a longitudinal network layout, and its site selection was of great benefit to the overall defense of the coastal citadel of Weihai. This model breaks the traditional limitations of relying on subjective speculation for ancient road restoration and dramatically improves its accuracy and credibility. Moreover, it makes a significant contribution to judging the road systems of ancient cities in different regions and provides a new idea to quantify the efficiency of ancient castle defenses.

scholarly journals Scoring and classifying regions via multimodal transportation networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Bramson ◽  
Megumi Hori ◽  
Bingran Zha ◽  
Hirohisa Inamoto
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation Networks ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Multimodal Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Bus Networks

Abstract In order to better understand the role of transportation convenience in location preferences, as well as to uncover transportation system patterns that span multiple modes of transportation, we analyze 500 locations in the Tokyo area using properties of their multimodal transportation networks. Multiple sets of measures are used to cluster regions by their transportation features and to classify them by their synergistic properties and dominant mode of transportation. We use twelve measures collected at five different radii for five distinct combinations of transportation networks to rank locations by their transportation characteristics. We introduce an additional 114 scores derived from the 300 measures to assess, among other things, access to public transportation, the effectiveness of each mode of transportation, and synergies among the modes of transportation. Additionally, we leverage those scores to classify our locations as being train-centric, bus-centric, or car-centric and to uncover geographic patterns in these characteristics. We find that business hubs, despite having low populations, are so conveniently reachable via train and road systems that they consistently achieve the highest sociability and convenience scores. Suburban regions have more serviceable bus systems, but lower connectivity overall resulting in lower reachable populations despite greater local populations. Even though Tokyo has the largest and densest public transportation system in the world we find that the road network consistently dominates the train and bus networks for all accessibility measures.

scholarly journals Formation Of Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Traffic Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Usmanovа Mahira Nuralievna ◽  
◽  
Rizaev Shuhratjon Shairovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The article presents the results of a sociological study reflecting the problems of individual safety in the road traffic system. The assessment of the road safety of socio-economic factors is given. A sociological model of accidents and the stability of drivers is proposed.

The IFLA Global Vision Project in Zimbabwe: Towards a Unified Field Road Map for Libraries

Mousaion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collence Takaingenhamo Chisita ◽  
Nyarai Patience Chibanda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transformation ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
Unified Field ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Library Associations ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Library Profession

The development of libraries in any country is critical for its socio-economic transformation especially during this 21st century era where access to information and knowledge underpins development. The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) launched the Global Vision Project in 2017 as a way of strengthening library throughout the world. The project has seen over 190 countries participating worldwide. For most nations, especially those in the developing countries, this has indeed created platforms for strong and united library associations that are powering literate, informed and participative societies. A number of countries in Africa including Zimbabwe have taken the initiatives to participate in the IFLA Global Vision. This article seeks to examine the challenges and opportunities   for librarians in Zimbabwe in building a united library field. It will also scrutinize the road travelled by librarians in Zimbabwe in their pursuit of a vision to reposition their libraries on the global library landscape. The   article will also study the factors affecting the development of a unified library sector in Zimbabwe. It will also explore how the national professional association Zimbabwe Library Association (ZIMLA) can contribute towards a unified library profession through collaboration. The article also proposes a strategy to enhance cooperation among librarians in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Understanding Urban Commercial Vehicle Driver Behaviors and Decision Making

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110035
Author(s):  
Giacomo Dalla Chiara ◽  
Klaas Fiete Krutein ◽  
Andisheh Ranjbari ◽  
Anne Goodchild
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Urban Freight ◽  
The Road ◽  
Commercial Drivers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Printed Materials

As e-commerce and urban deliveries spike, cities grapple with managing urban freight more actively. To manage urban deliveries effectively, city planners and policy makers need to better understand driver behaviors and the challenges they experience in making deliveries. In this study, we collected data on commercial vehicle (CV) driver behaviors by performing ridealongs with various logistics carriers. Ridealongs were performed in Seattle, Washington, covering a range of vehicles (cars, vans, and trucks), goods (parcels, mail, beverages, and printed materials), and customer types (residential, office, large and small retail). Observers collected qualitative observations and quantitative data on trip and dwell times, while also tracking vehicles with global positioning system devices. The results showed that, on average, urban CVs spent 80% of their daily operating time parked. The study also found that, unlike the common belief, drivers (especially those operating heavier vehicles) parked in authorized parking locations, with only less than 5% of stops occurring in the travel lane. Dwell times associated with authorized parking locations were significantly longer than those of other parking locations, and mail and heavy goods deliveries generally had longer dwell times. We also identified three main criteria CV drivers used for choosing a parking location: avoiding unsafe maneuvers, minimizing conflicts with other users of the road, and competition with other commercial drivers. The results provide estimates for trip times, dwell times, and parking choice types, as well as insights into why those decisions are made and the factors affecting driver choices.

Analysis of Driver's Characteristics Based on Internet of Vehicles

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 1148-1152
Author(s):  
Jian Qun Wang ◽  
Xiao Qing Xue ◽  
Ning Cao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
The University ◽  
Driver’S Characteristics

The road traffic accidents caused huge economic losses and casualties, so it had been focused by the researchers. Lane changing characteristic is the most relevant characteristic with safety. The intent of lane changing was discussed. Firstly, the factors affecting the intent were analyzed, the speed satisfaction value and the space satisfaction value were proposed; then the data from the University of California, Berkeley was extracted and the number of vehicles changed lane more often and the vehicle ID were obtained; the BP neural network classification model was established, it was trained and testified by actual data. The results shown the method could predict the intent accurately.

Maximizing the value for money of road projects through digitalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Oliveira Cruz ◽  
Joaquim Miranda Sarmento
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Using Data

Roads are a central element of transportation systems, enabling economic and social development, fostering territorial cohesion and facilitating the movement of people and cargo. Governments have devoted significant financial resources to developing and improving their road networks, and are still facing increasing pressure to ensure proper maintenance and payments to those concessionaires that developed roads under public–private partnership arrangements. As in other sectors, digitalization is paving a way towards significant changes in the way we build, operate and finance infrastructure. These changes will have a profound impact on the entire life cycle of an infrastructure, from the design and/or construction stage, to its operation and transfer. This article provides an overall overview of the main technological developments which are, or could impact road infrastructure in the short, medium and long term. For each technological development identified in our research, we analyse the potential impact on Capex, Opex and revenues as well as their level of maturity and expected lifetime for mass adoption, and also the main bottlenecks or barriers to implementation. Additionally, we explore potential savings on investment (capex) and operational costs (opex) and increase in revenues, using data from the Portuguese highway companies. Savings can represent almost 30% of capex and opex. Overall, savings and increases in revenues can represent an impact similar to 20–40% of current revenues. The findings show that digitalization and technological development in the road sector can significantly impact the economic performance of roads, thus enhancing the value of money for the society. The findings also show that there might be some excess capacity of road systems once autonomous vehicles achieve higher market penetration. However, there are still some relevant legal, regulatory, institutional and technological and economic barriers that are slowing down the digitalization process.

scholarly journals Optimization of Waste Transportation System in Tembalang District, Semarang City

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Ajeng Lakshita Pramesti ◽  
Sri Sumiyati ◽  
Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan ◽  
Budi Prasetyo Samadikun ◽  
Sudarno Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Transportation System ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Network Analyst ◽  
Optimal Average ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
Collection Point

Tembalang District has 206,271 residents, with 156,8 m3 amount of waste generated. Tembalang Sub-District has 18 waste collection point, 23 containers, and 7 transport vehicles to handle solid waste from the waste collection point to Jatibarang Landfill. The percentage of waste transportation services in Tembalang was 27%. There is some waste collection point that has not been able to accommodate waste generation from the Tembalang District residents. Road conditions, road types, and vehicle speeds of the waste transport route affect transporting waste and the remaining work time and the operational costs incurred. This research aims to plan a waste transportation system in Tembalang District by optimizing the work time and cost under the target desired by the relevant department. The average remaining work time is 2.28 hours, with a total of 21 trips/ day. Transportation routes are optimized using Network Analyst on GIS-based applications. Road conditions affect service time with an optimal average speed of 37.607 km h, which causes the addition of the number of trips after optimization increased to 34 trips/day with 31 containers. The average remaining work time is 1 hour. This optimization led to an increase in service percentage to 42%. Vehicle operating costs is increasing each year for about Rp. 694,262,870.53/year with a decrease in the price of fees of Rp. 1,983.59/householder/year due to the rise in service percentage.

scholarly journals The attractiveness of public-private partnership for road projects in India

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shakil Malek ◽  
Laxmansinh Zala
Keyword(s):  
Development Stage ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

The objective of this paper was to have a study on the perceptions of stakeholders of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects for factors affecting the attractiveness of road projects in India. A questionnaire survey was conducted among major PPP project participants of Indian PPP road projects. Fifteen attractive factors were shortlisted through a literature survey for designing the questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed with factor analysis and descriptive statistical analysis. The findings resulted in three components: effectiveness of the private sector, effective time and cost management, and the public sector’s economic benefit. Eight factors were identified as highly affecting the attractiveness of PPP in Indian road projects. PPP provides ample diversity of net benefits to both the public and private sectors. During the project development stage, both sectors have to formulate decisions based on appropriate assessment criteria. Therefore, the reflection of attractive factors will assist the public-sector to select PPP in the road sector. It also helps to establish the strategy for road projects using PPP.

Rural Community Planning Research - Taking PingQuan County YangShuLing Town SanZuoDian Community Planning as an Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1657-1662
Author(s):  
Yan Fen Zhong ◽  
Huan Qi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Community Planning ◽  
Traffic System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
Planning And Construction

Based on the PingQuan County YangShuLing Town SanZuoDian community planning as an example, in the new rural construction planning process, this text discusses planning and construction of the rural community. Based on the specific projects as the starting point, with regional characteristics as the guidance, after a full analysis of characteristic of the project, from the aspect of land layout planning, the road traffic system planning, landscape planning, the text detailed description of the rural community planning.

Fuel-optimal path finding algorithm using traffic information at urban intersection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jooin Lee ◽  
Hyeongcheol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Decision Algorithm ◽  
The Road

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is actively studied as the sensor and communication technology in the vehicle develops. The Intelligent Transportation System collects, processes, and provides information on the location, speed, and acceleration of the vehicles in the intersection. This paper proposes a fuel optimal route decision algorithm. The algorithm estimates traffic condition using information of vehicles acquired from several ITS intersections and determines the route that minimizes fuel consumption by reflecting the estimated traffic condition. Simplified fuel consumption models and road information (speed limit, average speed, etc.) are used to estimate the amount of fuel consumed when passing through the road. Dynamic Programming (DP) is used to determine the route that fuel consumption can be minimized. This algorithm has been verified in an intersection traffic model that reflects the actual traffic environment (Korea Daegu Technopolis) and the corresponding traffic model is modeled using AIMSUN.

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