scholarly journals Prediction of Intraformational Remaining Oil Distribution Based on Reservoir Heterogeneity: Application to the J-Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Feifei Fang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Yajie Tian ◽  
Fei Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Reservoir Heterogeneity ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Remaining Oil Distribution ◽  
Water Cut

At high water cut stage, the study of remaining oil distribution in water-flooding reservoir is the basis of implementing potential-tapping measures and enhancing oil recovery. At present, most of the oilfields in China have entered the stage of ultrahigh water cut. The reserves of the oilfields are highly developed, the situation of water flooding is extremely complex, and it is difficult to predict the distribution of the remaining oil, which seriously restricts the adjustment of the production measures, tapping the potential and improving the ultimate recovery rate. In view of aforementioned difficulties, this study puts forward a research approach to predict remaining oil distribution based on reservoir heterogeneity, which can quantitatively characterize reservoir heterogeneity. In order to avoid the drawback that a single parameter cannot fully describe the characteristics of pore structure, the composite index of pore structure (SQRT(K/Φ)) is introduced to study the pore microstructure. The composite index of pore structure is used to predict the distribution of remaining oil in the formation, and the results are basically consistent with those calculated by numerical simulation. It is concluded that the larger the fractal dimension of the composite index of pore structure is, the stronger the heterogeneity of reservoir is; the smaller the composite index of pore structure is, the smaller the recovery degree is. The composite index of pore structure is used to analyze and predict the distribution of remaining oil in the layer, which provides a new direction for the prediction method of remaining oil.

scholarly journals Microscopic Determination of Remaining Oil Distribution in Sandstones With Different Permeability Scales Using Computed Tomography Scanning

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfei Yang ◽  
Haiyuan Yang ◽  
Liu Tao ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Wendong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
High Water Cut ◽  
Water Cut

To investigate the characteristics of oil distribution in porous media systems during a high water cut stage, sandstones with different permeability scales of 53.63 × 10−3 μm2 and 108.11 × 10−3 μm2 were imaged under a resolution of 4.12 μm during a water flooding process using X-ray tomography. Based on the cluster-size distribution of oil segmented from the tomography images and through classification using the shape factor and Euler number, the transformation of the oil distribution pattern in different injection stages was studied for samples with different pore structures. In general, the distribution patterns of an oil cluster continuously change during water injection. Large connected oil clusters break off into smaller segments. The sandstone with a higher permeability (108.11 × 10−3 μm2) shows the larger change in distribution pattern, and the remaining oil is trapped in the pores with a radius of approximately 7–12 μm. Meanwhile, some disconnected clusters merge together and lead to a re-connection during the high water cut period. However, the pore structure becomes compact and complex, the residual nonwetting phase becomes static and is difficult to move; and thus, all distribution patterns coexist during the entire displacement process and mainly distribute in pores with a radius of 8–12 μm. For the pore-scale entrapment characteristics of the oil phase during a high water cut period, different enhance oil recovery (EOR) methods should be considered in sandstones correspondent to each permeability scale.

scholarly journals Optimization Design of Injection Strategy for Surfactant-Polymer Flooding Process in Heterogeneous Reservoir under Low Oil Prices

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3789 ◽  
Author(s):  
He ◽  
Chen ◽  
Yu ◽  
Wen ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Fractional Flow ◽  
Simultaneous Injection ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Remaining Oil Distribution ◽  
Incremental Oil Recovery ◽  
Injection Strategies

Surfactant–polymer (SP) flooding has significant potential to enhance oil recovery after water flooding in mature reservoirs. However, the economic benefit of the SP flooding process is unsatisfactory under low oil prices. Thus, it is necessary to reduce the chemical costs and improve SP flooding efficiency to make SP flooding more profitable. Our goal was to maximize the incremental oil recovery of the SP flooding process after water flooding by using the equal chemical consumption cost to ensure the economic viability of the SP flooding process. Thus, a systematic study was carried out to investigate the SP flooding process under different injection strategies by conducting parallel sand pack flooding experiments to optimize the SP flooding design. Then, the comparison of the remaining oil distribution after water flooding and SP flooding under different injection strategies was studied. The results demonstrate that the EOR efficiency of the SP flooding process under the alternating injection of polymer and surfactant–polymer (PASP) is higher than that of conventional simultaneous injection of surfactant and polymer. Moreover, as the alternating cycle increases, the incremental oil recovery increases. Based on the analysis of fractional flow, incremental oil recovery, and remaining oil distribution when compared with the conventional simultaneous injection of surfactant and polymer, the alternating injection of polymer and surfactant–polymer (PASP) showed better sweep efficiency improvement and recovered more remaining oil trapped in the low permeability zone. Thus, these findings could provide insights into designing the SP flooding process under low oil prices.

Heavy Oil Distribution and its Influence on Remaining Oil Distribution of G6 Block in Jinhu Depression

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 937-939
Author(s):  
Xue Li ◽  
Jing Rui Xu ◽  
Jin Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Dynamic Resistance ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Remaining Oil Distribution ◽  
The Impact

Heavy oil, with the characteristics of high viscosity and large density, is the most important component of petroleum hydrocarbon energy. In reservoir exploration, its dynamic resistance not only reduces driven efficiency, but also brings much more exploration difficulty, so it is not feasible to exploit heavy oil with conventional methods. Previous studies have carried heavy oil research , but few have attempted to examine the impact of heavy oil on reservoir properties .In this paper, a detailed analysis of heavy oil distribution and remaining oil distribution of G6 block is performed. The conclusion are drawn: the local water flooding and local remaining oil selectively accumulation are caused by heavy oil through reducing water flooding efficiency; As to heavy oil recovery, appropriate exploration should be selected to reduce viscosity of heavy oil according to different geological conditions.

Study on 3D Fine Structural Modeling of Typical Block in Sanan Oilfield, Daqing

2014 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Zian Li ◽  
Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
High Water ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Remaining Oil Distribution ◽  
High Water Cut ◽  
Reservoir Description ◽  
Water Cut

Sanan oilfield has entered late stage of high water cut development. It urgently needs accurate prediction of remaining oil distribution. But previous studies on 3D structure were far could not meet the requirements of fine reservoir description. This paper applied RMS, a piece of excellent geological modeling software establishing the 3D fine structural model of typical block in Sanan oilfield on the bases of 3D fine seismic structural interpretation data. It included the 28 faults’ model, 11 horizons’ model and the structural model. And then measured and analyzed the faults elements data. Based on abundant geologic data, well data and seismic data of the block, this structural model reproduced the fine seismic interpretation results accurately. It was really fine enough to meet the requirements of the fine reservoir description. This research solved the problem that traditional modeling techniques could not handle complex cutting relationship of faults’ model. It laid a solid foundation for reservoir numerical simulation and remaining oil distribution prediction.

The Remaining Oil Distribution and Main Controlling Factor Analysis of Inefficient Reserves in Complex Fault Block

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 1128-1131
Author(s):  
Yu Sheng Ding ◽  
Shuang Yan Chen ◽  
Jun Xie ◽  
Ju Biao Zhou ◽  
Li Yao Li
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Fault Block ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Complex Fault ◽  
Distribution Rule ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Remaining Oil Distribution

Inefficient reserves in fault block belongs to low permeability thin interbed, thus water flooding development process has exposed many contradictions which are serious heterogeneity, large difference of suction of interlayer. Entering the water injection development, the injected water which rapidly advance along the high permeability channel causes water channeling and water flooding, which intenses development contradictions between layers. The reservoir numerical simulation technology on computer can reappear the movement of water and gas in the underground reservoir development process and describes the underground remaining oil distribution of inefficient reserves in complex fault block, which summarizes the remaining oil distribution rule of the water flooding development for complex fault block of inefficient reserves and provides basis for the establishment of oil field development adjustment scheme.

The Research of Flood Pattern Completeness in the Thin and Poor Oil Layers of South West II Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 2541-2544
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Wu ◽  
Kao Ping Song ◽  
Chi Dong ◽  
Ji Cheng Zhang ◽  
Jing Fu Deng
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
South West ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Well Pattern ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Tertiary Oil Recovery ◽  
Well Pattern Optimization ◽  
Numerical Simulation Technique

As line well pattern is the main development technique in the thin and poor oil layers of Daqing Oilfield South West Ⅱ PⅠ group, the layers have been idle and the degree of reserve recovery is far less than the region level. In response to these problems, we analyzed the balanced flood performance of various layers and the remaining oil distribution through numerical simulation technique. It shows that, the main remaining oil type of intended layers is caused by voidage-injection imperfection. Considering the needs of the follow-up infill well pattern and tertiary oil recovery, we decided to keep the well network independent and integrated without disturbing the pattern configuration and main mining object of various sets of well pattern. Finally we confirmed to perforate-adding the first infill wells of intended layers to consummate the water flooding regime. Through analyzing the production target of different well pattern optimization programs relatively, it shows that the best program has regular well pattern and large drilled thickness.

Scheme to Tap Remaining Oil Potential in Poor Pay Zones

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1257-1261
Author(s):  
Ji Cheng Zhang ◽  
Shu Hong Zhao ◽  
Jin Yu Lan ◽  
Kao Ping Song
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Oil Distribution ◽  
Well Pattern ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
Tertiary Oil Recovery ◽  
Well Pattern Optimization ◽  
Numerical Simulation Technique ◽  
Production Target

This paper analyzed the balanced flood performance of various layers and the remaining oil distribution through numerical simulation technique. It shows that, the main remaining oil type of intended layers is caused by voidage-injection imperfection. Considering the needs of the follow-up infill well pattern and tertiary oil recovery, we decide to maintain the relative independence and integrity of each well network without disturbing the pattern configuration and the mining exploit object of various sets of well pattern. Finally we confirm to perforate adding the first infill wells of intended layers to consummate the water flooding regime. Through analyzing the production target of different well pattern optimization programs relatively, it shows that the best program has regular well pattern and large drilled thickness.

scholarly journals Techniques for improving the water-flooding of oil fields during the high water-cut stage

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuiqian Ma ◽  
Ao Li ◽  
Shuhao Guo ◽  
Jieqiong Pang ◽  
Yongchao Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Remaining Oil ◽  
High Water Cut Stage ◽  
High Water Cut ◽  
Water Cut

The multi-layer co-exploitation method is often used in offshore oilfields because of the large spacing between the injection and production wells. As oilfields gradually enter the high water-cut stage, the contradiction between the horizontal and vertical directions becomes more prominent, and the distribution of the remaining oil is more complex. Oilfields are facing unprecedented challenges in further enhancing oil recovery. Using oilfield A, which is in the high water-cut stage, as the research object, we compiled a detailed description of the remaining oil during the high water-cut stage using the information collected during the comprehensive adjustment and infilling of the oilfield. In addition various techniques for tapping the potential reservoir, stabilizing the oil, and controlling the water were investigated. A set of key techniques for the continuous improvement of the efficiency of water injection after comprehensive adjustment of high water-cut fields was generated. Based on the determined configuration of the offshore deltaic reservoir, a set of detailed descriptive methods and tapping technology for extracting the remaining oil in the offshore high water-cut oilfield after comprehensive adjustment was established. By considering the equilibrium displacement and using a new quantitative characterization method that includes displacement, a new technique for determining the quantity of water that needs to be injected into a stratified injection well during the high water-cut stage was established. Based on the principle of flow field intensity reconfiguration, a linear, variable-intensity, alternating injection and withdrawal technique was proposed. With the application of this series of techniques, the increase in the water content was controlled to within 1%, the natural reduction rate was controlled to within 9%, and the production increased by 1.060 × 107 m3.

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