scholarly journals Network Capacity Optimization for Cellular-Assisted Vehicular Systems by Online Learning-Based mmWave Beam Selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Jinsong Gui ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Xiaoheng Deng ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
Flexible Beam ◽  
Beam Search ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Communication Environments ◽  
Beam Selection ◽  
Adjustable Weight

Directional communication is helpful to improve the performance of millimeter Wave (mmWave) links. However, the dynamic nature of vehicular scenarios raises the complexity of directional mmWave vehicular communications. Also, a mmWave link is susceptible to blockages. Therefore, a mmWave vehicular communication system requires high environmental adaptability and context-awareness. Due to inadequate context information and insufficient beam settings in the existing related algorithm, it is difficult to pick out the set of beams with more reasonable widths and directions, which hinders the further promotion of network capacity in vehicular networks. Therefore, we propose an improved fast machine learning (IFML) algorithm to overcome this shortcoming. In order to improve network capacity while suppressing the additional beam search overhead, a partitioned search method is designed in the IFML. Also, in order to be robust to occasional fluctuations and timely adapt to significant changes in communication environments, the IFML adopts a flexible beam performance update approach based on adjustable weight coefficient. The simulation results show that the IFML significantly outperforms the existing related algorithm in terms of aggregate received data after a certain number of online learning time periods.

scholarly journals Enhancing energy efficiency for cellular-assisted vehicular networks by online learning-based mmWave beam selection

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Gui ◽  
Yao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Vehicular Communications ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Beam Selection ◽  
Alignment Problem

AbstractMillimeter Wave (mmWave) technology has been regarded as a feasible approach for future vehicular communications. Nevertheless, high path loss and penetration loss raise severe questions on mmWave communications. These problems can be mitigated by directional communication, which is not easy to achieve in highly dynamic vehicular communications. The existing works addressed the beam alignment problem by designing online learning-based mmWave beam selection schemes, which can be well adapted to high dynamic vehicular scenarios. However, this kind of work focuses on network throughput rather than network energy efficiency, which ignores the consideration of energy consumption. Therefore, we propose an Energy efficiency-based FML (EFML) scheme to compensate for this shortfall. In EFML, the energy consumption is reduced as far as possible under the premise of meeting the basic data rate requirements of vehicle users, and the users requesting the same content in close proximity can be organized into the same receiving group to share the same mmWave beam. The simulation results demonstrate that, compare with the comparison method with best energy efficiency, the proposed EFML improves energy efficiency by 17–41% in different scenarios.

scholarly journals Enhancing Energy Efficiency for Cellular-Assisted Vehicular Networks by Online Learning-Based mmWave Beam Selection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Gui ◽  
Yao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Vehicular Communications ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Directional Transmission ◽  
Beam Selection ◽  
Alignment Problem ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) technology is deemed as a feasible approach for future vehicular communications. However, mmWave signals are characterized by high path loss and penetration loss, which can be alleviated by directional communication. Directional transmission performance depends on beam alignment between transmitter and receiver, which is not easy to achieve in highly dynamic vehicular communications. The existing works addressed beam alignment problem by designing online learning-based mmWave beam selection schemes, which can be well adapted to high dynamic vehicular scenarios. However, this type of works does not take energy efficiency into account. Therefore, we propose an Energy efficiency-based FML (EFML) scheme to compensate for this shortfall, where the power consumption can be reduced as far as possible under the premise of meeting the basic data rate requirements of vehicle users and the users requesting the same content in close proximity can be organized into the same receiving group to share the same mmWave beam. The simulation results show that the EFML scheme improves both the network energy efficiency and the amount data of cellular-assisted vehicular networks at the cost of more beam performance update overhead. However, there is no difference in the cost of updating beam performance after adequate online learning.

scholarly journals Millimeter Wave Spatial Channel Characterization for Vehicular Communications

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel Rodríguez-Corbo ◽  
Leyre Azpilicueta ◽  
Mikel Celaya-Echarri ◽  
Peio López-Iturri ◽  
Imanol Picallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vehicular Communications ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
High Definition ◽  
High Data

With the growing demand of vehicle-mounted sensors over the last years, the amount of critical data communications has increased significantly. Developing applications such as autonomous vehicles, drones or real-time high-definition entertainment requires high data-rates in the order of multiple Gbps. In the next generation of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks, a wider bandwidth will be needed, as well as more precise localization capabilities and lower transmission latencies than current vehicular communication systems due to safety application requirements; 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) technology is envisioned to be the key factor in the development of this next generation of vehicular communications. However, the implementation of mmWave links arises with difficulties due to blocking effects between mmWave transceivers, as well as different channel impairments for these high frequency bands. In this work, the mmWave channel propagation characterization for V2X communications has been performed by means of a deterministic in-house 3D ray launching simulation technique. A complex heterogeneous urban scenario has been modeled to analyze the different propagation phenomena of multiple mmWave V2X links. Results for large and small-scale propagation effects are obtained for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) trajectories, enabling inter-data vehicular comparison. These analyzed results and the proposed methodology can aid in an adequate design and implementation of next generation vehicular networks.

scholarly journals Secure and DoS-Resilient Fragment Authentication in CCN-Based Vehicular Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sangwon Hyun ◽  
Hyoungshick Kim
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Content Delivery ◽  
Dos Attacks ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Content Centric Networking ◽  
Transmission Unit ◽  
Communication Environments ◽  
Maximum Transmission

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) is considered as a promising alternative to traditional IP-based networking for vehicle-to-everything communication environments. In general, CCN packets must be fragmented and reassembled based on the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) size of the content delivery path. It is thus challenging to securely protect fragmented packets against attackers who intentionally inject malicious fragments to disrupt normal services on CCN-based vehicular networks. This paper presents a new secure content fragmentation method that is resistant to Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks in CCN-based vehicular networks. Our approach guarantees the authenticity of each fragment through the immediate fragment verification at interim nodes on the routing path. Our experiment results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides much stronger security than the existing approach named FIGOA, without imposing a significant overhead in the process. The proposed method achieves a high immediate verification probability of 98.2% on average, which is 52% higher than that of FIGOA, while requiring only 14% more fragments than FIGOA.

Geographic information-based Data Transmission and Cooperative Communication for Vehicular Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Abdul Rahim ◽  
Dr. V.A.Sankar Ponnapalli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Automobile Engineering ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Transmission Energy Consumption

With the advancements in Vehicular communication technologies in automobile engineering leads to enhancement of modern societies by utilizing Internet based data communication in a vehicular network to effectively avoid accidents and traffic congestions using Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) cooperative relay technique for enhancing the aspects of performance by reduction of transmission energy consumption by taking the advantage of spatial and temporal diversity gain in a vehicular network as the conventional routing based on topology is merely not suitable over a dynamic vehicular network environment as GPS is used to identify effective route [4].In this paper we propose applications of cooperative communication techniques and their survey for identifying close relationship between forwarding and addressing techniques in a vehicular network and further we compare performance and energy consumption of cooperative techniques with the traditional multi-hop technique over Rayleigh channel using MQAM for optimization.

scholarly journals Visual-MIMO for Software-Defined Vehicular Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.4) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Tae Ho Kwon ◽  
Jai Eun Kim ◽  
Ki Soo An ◽  
Rappy Saha ◽  
Ki Doo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Control Plane ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Data Plane ◽  
Input Multiple Output

The paradigm of software-defined network (SDN) is being applied to vehicle scenarios in order to eliminate this heterogeneity of vehicular network infrastructure and to manage packet flow in an application- and user-centrically flexible and efficient manner. However, owing to the random mobility of vehicles and the unpredictable road communication environment, efficient vehicle-based SDN development needs further research. In this study, we propose the concept of a sub-control plane for supporting and backing up, at the data plane level, various functions of the control plane, which plays a key role in SDN. The sub-control plane can be intuitively understood through the image processing techniques used in color-independent visual-MIMO (multiple input multiple output) networking, and the function of the control plane can be backed up through various vehicle-based recognition and tracking algorithms under the situation of disconnection between the data plane and the control plane. The proposed sub-control plane is expected to facilitate efficient management of the software-defined vehicular network (SDVN) and improve vehicular communication performance and service quality.  

scholarly journals Multi-Hop Dynamic Map Data Propagation Algorithm for Clustered Vehicular Networks

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1728
Author(s):  
Odilbek Urmonov ◽  
HyungWon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Local Dynamic ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Data Propagation ◽  
Dynamic Map ◽  
Map Data ◽  
Transmission Windows

To ensure the driving safety in vehicular network, it is necessary to construct a local dynamic map (LDM) for an extended range. Using the standard vehicular communication protocols, however, vehicles can construct the LDM for only one-hop range. Constructing large-scale LDM is highly challenging because vehicles randomly change their position. This paper proposes a dynamic map propagation (DMP) method, which builds a large aggregated LDM data using a multi-hop communication. To reduce the data overhead, we introduce an efficient clustering method based on a half-circle of the forwarder’s wireless range. The DMP elects one forwarder per cluster, which constructs LDM and forwards it to a neighbor cluster. The inter-cluster interference is minimized by allocating a different transmit window to each cluster. DMP copes with a dynamic environment by frequently re-electing the forwarders and their associated transmission windows. Simulation results reveal that DMP enhances the forwarders’ reception ratio by 20%, while extending LDM dissemination range by 29% over a previous work.

scholarly journals Multi-objective flower pollination algorithm applied to 5G vehicular networks communication

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e33911125020
Author(s):  
Francisco Jonatas Siqueira Coelho ◽  
Eulogio Gutierrez Huampo ◽  
Henrique Figueirôa Lacerda ◽  
Arthur Doria Meneses de Freitas ◽  
Abel Guilhermino da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Waves ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Flower Pollination Algorithm ◽  
Media Access Control ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Flower Pollination ◽  
Differential Evolutionary Algorithm

The Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology, as a widest version of Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), aims to interconnect vehicles and any other latest technological infrastructures. In this context, the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) based on millimeter waves (mmWave) is an excellent alternative for the implementation of vehicular networks, mainly because it is capable of providing high data rates (Gbps) and ultra-low latency, requirements of C-V2X. On the other hand, mmWave signals are highly susceptible to blocking, causing low quality of service (QoS) in VANETs, compromising network functionality and the safety of drivers and pedestrians. Thus, in this work evolutionary computing techniques are applied in the simulation of a 5G vehicular network based on millimeter waves, exploring Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer parameters to optimize packet loss, latency and throughput, in order to optimize inter-vehicular communication. The Multi-objective Flower Pollination Algorithm (MOFPA) was used for this purpose. The results obtained show that the adopted approach can reach results close to the optimal pareto of non-dominated solutions, with a 75% reduction in exploration time in relation to the exhaustive search process. Finally, the performance of the metaheuristics adopted is compared with the non-dominated genetic classification algorithm (NSGA-II) and the multi-objective differential evolutionary algorithm (MODE).

The Role of Roadside Assistance in Vehicular Communication Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kadas ◽  
Periklis Chatzimisios
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
Communications Networks ◽  
Vehicle To Infrastructure ◽  
Vehicular Communication Networks ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Vehicular Communication Networks is a subcategory of Mobile Communications Networks that has the special characteristics of high node mobility and fast topology changes. In the current chapter, the authors outline the basic characteristics and concepts of vehicular communications and present the standardization and network deployment efforts carried out by the scientific community. In particular, they focus their attention on the vehicle-to-infrastructure component of the network; moreover, the authors specifically investigate security, quality of service, and routing, which constitute three of the most challenging aspects in the field of Vehicular Networks. The authors further examine the ways that infrastructure can provide efficient solutions to the problems that exist for each respective category and review several proposed solutions.

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