scholarly journals Removal of Antibiotics from Real Hospital Wastewater by Cold Plasma Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Phuong Thi Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Hieu Trung Nguyen ◽  
Uyen Nhat Phuoc Tran ◽  
Ha Manh Bui
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Interelectrode Distance ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Plasma Technique

Hospital wastewater contains a complex mixture of bioactive substances and microorganisms that are deleterious to humans and aquatic animals. In this study, four antibiotics, namely, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, and amoxicillin, respectively, from the wastewater of seven hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, were monitored. The results revealed that the wastewater from these hospitals is contaminated with at least one of the antibiotics. In addition, the degradation capacity of the antibiotics by the wastewater treatment plant at one of the hospitals by the cold plasma technique was investigated. Furthermore, effects of the variation in pH, interelectrode distance, applied voltage, and reaction time on the removal efficiency were investigated in terms of the reduction in antibiotics concentration, COD, and ammonia. Ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, COD, and ammonia were almost eliminated, while ofloxacin and amoxicillin were reduced by more than 72% under optimum conditions (initial pH of 10, reaction time of 15 min, applied voltage of 30 kV, and interelectrode distance of 10 mm). All of these factors affected the removal efficiency. The removal efficiency was most robust in the first 5 min, and it increased with the increase in the reaction time. However, the removal efficiency tended to saturate over time, while it decreased with the increase in the reaction time. With an applied voltage of 30 kV onwards, the removal efficiency was not significantly different. Most of the pollutants were predominately eliminated under slightly alkaline conditions (pH of ∼10). In addition, primary oxidants in the aqueous phase, such as O3, H2O2, and ⋅OH, were generated. Besides, the obtained results also revealed that the decomposition of ciprofloxacin and cefuroxime follows the first-order reaction kinetics; meanwhile, the third-order reaction kinetics was most likely for the decomposition of ofloxacin and amoxicillin.

Interactions of hypochlorite ion and humic acid: photolytic and photocatalytic pathways

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gonenç ◽  
M. Bekbolet
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Toc Removal

Photolytic and photocatalytic interactions of hypochlorite ion and humic acid are investigated under various conditions. Humic acid oxidation by aqueous chlorine under dark conditions are expressed in terms of first order reaction kinetics. Upon irradiation (300 nm < λ < 400 nm), photolysis of aqueous chlorine affect the removal efficiency of humic acid via oxidation. TiO2 sensitised photocatalytic oxidation conditions reveal an increase in the TOC removal rate of humic acid in the presence of aqueous chlorine. Under the specified conditions, increasing the photocatalyst loading up to 1.0 mg/mL markedly increase the TOC removal rate.

scholarly journals Elimination of Amoxicillin from Hospital Wastewater Using the Cold Plasma Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Hiep Bui ◽  
Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Thien Pham ◽  
Tri Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Plasma ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Plasma Technique

scholarly journals Using Of Different Electrocoagulation Cell Configuration Parameters for Treating of Abu-Ghraib Dairy Products Wastewater

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
Sara Mohannad Abd Al-Hamza ◽  
Hayder Mohammed Abd Al-Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Electrode Shape ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Population Urbanization

Abstract One of the most significant issues that people throughout the world will confront in the future years is a lack of clean and safe water. Anthropogenic activities, in particular, are polluting water systems. With rising population, urbanization, and climate change, water reuse has become a requirement in some areas of the globe, putting pressure on the development of effective water treatment methods for a range of contaminants. High biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil-grease, and other pollutant loads define dairy sector effluent. Improved technology is required to address these issues. Electrocoagulation is a new type of therapy. It’s simple to use, ecologically friendly, and removes a wide range of contaminants from a variety of water types. The goal of this study was to see how operational factors such applied voltage, number of electrodes, distance between electrodes, electrode shape, and reaction time affected the electrocoagulation of actual dairy effluent. Aluminum and iron electrodes are used for this purpose. It was discovered that raising the applied voltage, reaction time, and decreasing the distance between electrodes improved COD, BOD, EC, TDS, color, and oil-grease removal efficiency. Moreover, switch between square, triangular electrodes and perforated cylindrical. The data show that electrocoagulation is effective at the maximum COD, BOD removal efficiency of first electrode at 20 holes of cylindrical shape is (88.03) %, (87.97) %, respectively. Second triangle shape is (100) %, (100) % respectively. Third square shape is (99.38) %, (99.42) % respectively. the maximum removal of TDS, EC efficiency of first electrode at 20 holes of cylindrical shape is (67.57) %, (62.34) %, respectively. Second triangle shape is (77.45) %, (67.68) % respectively. Third square shape is (81.96) %, (71.25) % respectively. The maximum color and oil-grease removal efficiency of first electrode at 20 holes of cylindrical shape is (100) %, (100) %, respectively. Second triangle shape is (100) %, (100) % respectively. Third square shape is (100) %, (100) % respectively. Electrocoagulation methods for the treatment of dairy wastewaters were shown to be successful in the research. Finally, the findings indicated that electrocoagulation is a technically feasible method for removing contaminants from dairy wastewaters.

Effective removal of cefazolin from hospital wastewater by the electrocoagulation process

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2422-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Esfandyari ◽  
Keivan Saeb ◽  
Ahmad Tavana ◽  
Aptin Rahnavard ◽  
Farid Gholamreza Fahimi
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process

Abstract The present study evaluated the treatment of hospital wastewater by the electrocoagulation process using aluminum and iron electrodes. The effects of pH, voltage and reaction time on the removal efficiencies of the antibiotic cefazolin, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity were investigated. The results showed that by increasing reaction time and input voltage, the removal efficiency of pollutants was increased. The highest removal efficiency of cefazolin, COD, and turbidity occurred at neutral pH, which may have been related to the formation of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) flocs through the combination of aluminum released from the surface of the electrode and the hydroxide ions present in the solution. The conductivity of the treated wastewater at neutral to alkaline pH decreased compared to acidic pH, which may have been due to the adsorption of anions and cations from the solution by the Al(OH)3 flocs. The electrode and energy consumption in the present study was higher than in other studies, which may have been due to the high concentration of COD in and the turbidity of the solution.

scholarly journals Remediation of arsenic(III) from aqueous solutions using zero-valent iron (ZVI) combined with potassium permanganate and ferrous ions

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenna Deng ◽  
Zimai Zhou ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Yilin Yang ◽  
Yanqiu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A system of zerovalent iron combined with potassium permanganate and ferrous irons (Fe(II)-KMnO4-ZVI) was used to remove As(III), one of the most poisonous wastewater pollutants. The Fe(II)-KMnO4-ZVI system was characterized by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The As(III) removal efficiency by the Fe(II)-KMnO4-ZVI system under different conditions was investigated and the experimental data were fitted to adsorption kinetics and isotherm models. As(III) could be removed by both physisorption and chemisorption through mixing adsorbents in a very short time (minute scale) with high removal ratios (more than 99.5%) over a wide range of pH (1–9) and concentration (20–100 mg/L). The removal of As(III) by the Fe(II)-KMnO4-ZVI system agreed well with pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics and pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics. The Freundlich isotherm provided a good model of the adsorption system, indicating that the Fe(II)-KMnO4-ZVI system has heterogeneous structure. The results show that the Fe(II)-KMnO4-ZVI system exhibited a high removal efficiency for As(III), which suggested that it might be an effective material for As(III) remediation.

A Batch Activated Sludge Study of Pineapple Wastewater Using a Bioaugmentation Process

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Fuaad Nik Abllah ◽  
Aik Heng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Sludge Production

A laboratory study was conducted to determine the feasibility of batch activated sludge reactor for treating pineapple wastewater and to examine the effects of bioaugmentation on treatment performance. The experimental set-up consists of eleven batch reactors. Activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant treating domestic wastewater was used as seed for the reactors. Synthetic pineapple wastewater was used as feed for the reactors. The eleven reactors were arranged to evaluate the total organic removal, nitrification, and sludge production by bioaugmentation process. Three major factors considered were influent organic loading, ammonia-nitrogen, and dosage of bacterial-culture-product addition. Removal of TOG (total organic carbon), sludge production in terms of SS(suspended solids), and ammonia-nitrogen removal variation are used as evaluation parameters. The TOC removal efficiency after the end of a 48 hour reactor run, for influent TOC of 350.14 to 363.30 mg/l, and 145.92 to 169.66 mg/l, was 94.41 to 95.89%, and 93.72 to 94.73% respectively. Higher organic removal was observed in the bioaugmented reactors with higher organic loading. The better organic removal efficiency in the bioaugmented reactors was probably due to activities of bacteria added. The test results also indicated that sludge yield was enhanced by the bacteria additive and high bacteria dosage produced less sludge. Bioaugmentation was observed to be a suitable alternative for enhancing the biological treatment of pineapple wastewater.

Modelling the performance of anaerobic wastewater stabilization ponds

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Saqqar ◽  
M. B. Pescod
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Wastewater Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Raw Wastewater

The performance of the primary anaerobic pond at the Alsamra Wastewater Treatment Plant in Jordan was monitored over 48 months. Overall averages for the removal efficiencies of BOD5, COD and suspended solids were 53%, 53% and 74%, respectively. An improvement in removal efficiency with increase in pond water temperature was demonstrated. A model, which takes into account the variability of raw wastewater at different locations, has been developed to describe the performance of a primary anaerobic pond in terms of a settleability ratio for the raw wastewater. The model has been verified by illustrating the high correlation between actual and predicted pond performance.

Photocolouration of 2,4,4,6-Tetraaryl-4H-pyrans and Their Heteroanalogues: Importance of Hypervalent Photoisomers

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1621-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Böhm ◽  
Mojmír Adamec ◽  
Stanislav Nešpůrek ◽  
Josef Kuthan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Electronic Absorption ◽  
Electronic Absorption Spectra ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Bleaching Process ◽  
First Order ◽  
Photodegradation Products ◽  
Hypervalent Molecules

Molecular geometries of 2,4,4,6-tetraphenyl-4H-pyran (Ia), 4,4-(biphenyl-2,2e-diyl)-2,6-diphenyl-4H-pyran (Ib) and their heterocyclic isomers II-V were optimized by the PM3 method and used for the calculation of electronic absorption spectra by the CNDO/S-CI procedure. Comparison of the theoretical data with experimental UV-VIS absorption spectra made possible to select hypervalent molecules IIIa, IIIb, IVa and IVb being responsible for the photocolouration of 4H-pyrans Ia, Ib, while compounds Va, Vb, VI and VII come into account as possible photodegradation products. The bleaching process of the UV illuminated compound Ia is analyzed in terms of dispersive first-order reaction kinetics.

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