Abstract PO-259: The impact of genetic ancestry and lifestyle factors on the risk of colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma in a Brazilian screening population

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Porto ◽  
Adeylson G. Ribeiro ◽  
Lucas Henrique Viza ◽  
Laura W. Musselwhite ◽  
Thais Talarico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Genetic Ancestry ◽  
Screening Population ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Understanding the influence of socioeconomic status on the association between combinations of lifestyle factors and adverse health outcomes: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e042212
Author(s):  
Hamish Foster ◽  
Peter Polz ◽  
Frances Mair ◽  
Jason Gill ◽  
Catherine A O'Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionCombinations of unhealthy lifestyle factors are strongly associated with mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. It is unclear how socioeconomic status (SES) affects those associations. Lower SES groups may be disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of unhealthy lifestyle factors compared with higher SES groups via interactions with other factors associated with low SES (eg, stress) or via accelerated biological ageing. This systematic review aims to synthesise studies that examine how SES moderates the association between lifestyle factor combinations and adverse health outcomes. Greater understanding of how lifestyle risk varies across socioeconomic spectra could reduce adverse health by (1) identifying novel high-risk groups or targets for future interventions and (2) informing research, policy and interventions that aim to support healthy lifestyles in socioeconomically deprived communities.Methods and analysisThree databases will be searched (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL) from inception to March 2020. Reference lists, citations and grey literature will also be searched. Inclusion criteria are: (1) prospective cohort studies; (2) investigations of two key exposures: (a) lifestyle factor combinations of at least three lifestyle factors (eg, smoking, physical activity and diet) and (b) SES (eg, income, education or poverty index); (3) an assessment of the impact of SES on the association between combinations of unhealthy lifestyle factors and health outcomes; (4) at least one outcome from—mortality (all cause, CVD and cancer), CVD or cancer incidence. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full texts of included studies. Data extraction will focus on cohort characteristics, exposures, direction and magnitude of SES effects, methods and quality (via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). If appropriate, a meta-analysis, pooling the effects of SES, will be performed. Alternatively, a synthesis without meta-analysis will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication, professional networks, social media and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020172588.

Explaining Sleep Duration in Adolescents: The Impact of Socio‐Demographic and Lifestyle Factors and Working Status

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Marina Fischer ◽  
Roberta Nagai ◽  
Liliane Reis Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Working Status ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Prediction of Eye, Hair and Skin Color in Admixed Populations of Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagnik Palmal ◽  
Kaustubh Adhikari ◽  
Javier Mendoza-Revilla ◽  
Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo ◽  
Caio C. Silva de Cerqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Genetic Ancestry ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe report an evaluation of prediction accuracy for eye, hair and skin pigmentation based on genomic and phenotypic data for over 6,500 admixed Latin Americans (the CANDELA dataset). We examined the impact on prediction accuracy of three main factors: (i) The methods of prediction, including classical statistical methods and machine learning approaches, (ii) The inclusion of non-genetic predictors, continental genetic ancestry and pigmentation SNPs in the prediction models, and (iii) Compared two sets of pigmentation SNPs: the commonly-used HIrisPlex-S set (developed in Europeans) and novel SNP sets we defined here based on genome-wide association results in the CANDELA sample. We find that Random Forest or regression are globally the best performing methods. Although continental genetic ancestry has substantial power for prediction of pigmentation in Latin Americans, the inclusion of pigmentation SNPs increases prediction accuracy considerably, particularly for skin color. For hair and eye color, HIrisPlex-S has a similar performance to the CANDELA-specific prediction SNP sets. However, for skin pigmentation the performance of HIrisPlex-S is markedly lower than the SNP set defined here, including predictions in an independent dataset of Native American data. These results reflect the relatively high variation in hair and eye color among Europeans for whom HIrisPlex-S was developed, whereas their variation in skin pigmentation is comparatively lower. Furthermore, we show that the dataset used in the training of prediction models strongly impacts on the portability of these models across Europeans and Native Americans.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Venous Thromboembolism Risk through Favorable Lifestyle: The ARIC Study

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1151-1151
Author(s):  
Christina Evans ◽  
Ching-Png Hong ◽  
Aaron R Folsom ◽  
Susan Heckbert ◽  
Nicholas Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
Aric Study ◽  
The Impact

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common disease with a strong genetic basis. Unhealthy lifestyle factors contribute to risk, but it is unknown whether healthier lifestyle can mitigate the risk for VTE in those at high genetic risk. We studied whether greater adherence to the American Heart Association's (AHA's) cardiovascular health metric called Life's Simple 7 (LS7) is associated with a lower rate of VTE in individuals with high genetic risk score (GRS) for VTE. Methods: We followed 9,026 middle-aged white participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, a prospective cohort of 15,792 individuals enrolled in 1987-89. A validated GRS was used, comprising 5 well known genetic conditions associated with VTE (factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, non-O blood group, factor XI rs4241824, and fibrinogen gamma FGG rs2066865). Only white participants were included, as the GRS did not predict VTE in others. AHA's LS7 categories of inadequate, average, and optimal health were determined based on smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose. VTE events were adjudicated by expert medical record review. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of incident VTE by LS7 categories, stratified by GRS (low, intermediate, high), adjusting for age, sex, and education. HRs were also calculated for individual LS7 components stratified by GRS. Results: There were 466 incident VTE over 22.8 years of follow-up. Compared to those with optimal health, those with inadequate LS7 score had higher rates of VTE (5.7% vs. 3.9%). In Figure 1, compared to the high GRS / inadequate LS7 group, the HR of VTE in the low GRS group with optimal health was lowest at 0.39 (95% CI 0.25-0.61), but moreover, the HR in the high GRS group with optimal health was also attenuated to 0.65 (95% CI 0.48-0.89). The pattern of association was similar for provoked and unprovoked VTE. Of the LS7 components, obesity was most strongly related to VTE. In Figure 2, compared to obese / high GRS participants, the HR of VTE with normal weight / low GRS was 0.36 (95% CI 0.23-0.57), while the HR in high GRS / normal weight participants was reduced by 45%, at 0.55 (95% CI 0.4-0.76). Conclusion: Among all participants, even those at high genetic risk, healthier lifestyle factors, particularly obesity, were associated with decreased incidence of VTE. Further studies should determine the impact of lifestyle change among patients at high genetic risk of VTE, such as in thrombophilic families. Disclosures Heckbert: National Institutes of Health: Other: Grants.

The impact of diet and lifestyle on wellbeing during COVID-19-lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Muth ◽  
Annabel B Losecaat Vermeer ◽  
Damiano Terenzi ◽  
Soyoung Q Park
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

A healthy diet and lifestyle may protect against adverse mental health outcomes, which is especially crucial during stressful times, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This preregistered longitudinal online study explored whether diet and lifestyle (physical activity, sleep, and social interactions) could predict wellbeing and mood during a light lockdown in Germany. Participants (N = 117, 72 males; 28 9 years old) answered mental health and lifestyle questionnaires (social connections, sleep, activity) followed by submitting one week of food and mood-lifestyle diary (food intake, positive and negative mood, mental wellbeing, sleep quality, physical activity level, quantity and quality of social interactions) via a smartphone app. We used multivariate linear and mixed-effects models to predict mood and wellbeing by using dietary components and lifestyle factors. Inter-individual analyses revealed that sleep and social interaction significantly impacted mood and wellbeing. Interestingly, fruit and vegetable intake predicted wellbeing, even when controlling for all lifestyle factors. Fruit and vegetable intake also significantly predicted daily fluctuations in wellbeing within individuals next to sleep, physical activity, and social interactions. We observed gender differences in fruit and vegetable intake and anxiety levels. Our results emphasize the importance of diet contributing to individual wellbeing, even in the challenging times of a pandemic.

scholarly journals Combined healthy lifestyle factors and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular first hospitalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bonaccio ◽  
A Di Castelnuovo ◽  
S Costanzo ◽  
M Persichillo ◽  
A De Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background We aimed to explore the association of combined healthy lifestyles with risk of first hospitalization for all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in a southern Italian population-based cohort. We also investigated several biological mechanisms possibly on the pathway between lifestyles and health outcomes. Methods Longitudinal analysis on 23,161 men and women (aged≥35 y) recruited in the Moli-sani Study (2005-2010). We defined 4 healthy lifestyle factors as abstention from smoking; high adherence to Mediterranean diet; physical activity; absence of abdominal obesity. First hospital admissions for any and CVD-related causes were recorded by direct linkage with hospital discharge form registry. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated by multivariable Cox-regression. Results Over a median follow up of 7.2 y, we ascertained a total of 9,482 hospitalizations, 3,556 CVD, 939 IHD and 589 stroke-related hospital admissions. Adherence to all four healthy lifestyles, compared with none or 1, was associated with lower risk of hospitalization for any cause (HR = 0.82; 0.74-0.90), CVD (HR = 0.81;0.69-0.95) and IHD (HR = 0.63; 0.44-0.90) and, to a less extent, with stroke hospitalizations. Inflammatory biomarkers (e.g. C-reactive protein) were likely to partly explain the association between lifestyles and all-cause (14%) or CVD (15%) hospitalizations, while inflammation played a leading role towards risk of IHD (30%) and stroke-related hospital admissions (21%). Conclusions The impact of combined 4 healthy lifestyles on first hospitalization risk was considerable. Inflammatory biomarkers explained a large proportion of this association. Key messages Improvements to lifestyle reduce the risk of hospitalizations in a general adult population. Achieving a greater number of healthy behaviours has the potential to reduce the burden of hospitalizations and the associated healthcare costs.

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