Relationship between Extracellular Water Fraction of Total Body Water Estimated by Bioimpedance Spectroscopy and Cardiac Troponin T in Chronic Haemodialysis Patients

Normal values for both total body water and extracellular water have been determined in 86 premature infants aged 1 to 90 days and weighing 940 to 2,435 gm, with use of the techniques of deuterium oxide and bromide dilution. Nine full-term infants aged 1 to 6 days and weighing 2,590 to 4,985 gm were similarly studied. Nine infants with the respiratory distress syndrome and eight infants of toxemic mothers studied in the first 24 hours of life showed no significant difference in their body water compartments in comparison to a control group of normal infants matched for age and weight. Seven infants of diabetic mothers studied in the first 24 hours of life showed a significant decrease in total body water, expressed as percentage of body weight, with a normal intracellular to extracellular water ratio. These data indirectly support other evidence that there is an increase in body fat in these infants at birth. See Table in the PDF file

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Extracellular water to total body water ratio may mediate the association between phase angle and mortality in patients with cancer cachexia: a single-center, retrospective study

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.10.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nagato Katsura ◽

Michinori Yamashita ◽

Takuma Ishihara

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Phase Angle ◽

Total Body Water ◽

Cancer Cachexia ◽

Body Water ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

Single Center ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Total Body ◽

Water Ratio

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Rapid Weight Loss and the Body Fluid Balance and Hemoglobin Mass of Elite Amateur Boxers

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-48.1.05 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 109-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Dejan Reljic ◽

Eike Hässler ◽

Joachim Jost ◽

Birgit Friedmann-Bette

Keyword(s):

Blood Volume ◽

Body Mass ◽

Plasma Volume ◽

Total Body Water ◽

Real Life ◽

Body Water ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

Real Life Setting ◽

Total Body ◽

Hemoglobin Mass

Context Dehydration is assumed to be a major adverse effect associated with rapid loss of body mass for competing in a lower weight class in combat sports. However, the effects of such weight cutting on body fluid balance in a real-life setting are unknown. Objective To examine the effects of 5% or greater loss of body mass within a few days before competition on body water, blood volume, and plasma volume in elite amateur boxers. Design Case-control study. Setting Sports medicine laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Seventeen male boxers (age = 19.2 ± 2.9 years, height = 175.1 ± 7.0 cm, mass = 65.6 ± 9.2 kg) were assigned to the weight-loss group (WLG; n = 10) or the control group (CON; n = 7). Intervention(s) The WLG reduced body mass by restricting fluid and food and inducing excessive sweat loss by adhering to individual methods. The CON participated in their usual precompetition training. Main Outcome Measure(s) During an ordinary training period (t-1), 2 days before competition (t-2), and 1 week after competition (t-3), we performed bioelectrical impedance measurements; calculated total body water, intracellular water, and extracellular water; and estimated total hemoglobin mass (tHbmass), blood volume, and plasma volume by the CO-rebreathing method. Results In the WLG, the loss of body mass (5.6% ± 1.7%) led to decreases in total body water (6.0% ± 0.9%), extracellular water (12.4% ± 7.6%), tHbmass (5.3% ± 3.8%), blood volume (7.6% ± 2.1%; P < .001), and plasma volume (8.6% ± 3.9%). The intracellular water did not change (P > .05). At t-3, total body water, extracellular water, and plasma volume had returned to near baseline values, but tHbmass and blood volume still were less than baseline values (P < .05). In CON, we found no changes (P > .05). Conclusions In a real-life setting, the loss of approximately 6% body mass within 5 days induced hypohydration, which became evident by the decreases in body water and plasma volume. The reduction in tHbmass was a surprising observation that needs further investigation.

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BODY WATER COMPARTMENTS IN CHILDREN: CHANGES DURING GROWTH AND RELATED CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.28.2.169 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 169-181

Author(s):

B. Friis-Hansen

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Total Body Water ◽

Rapid Decrease ◽

Body Water ◽

The Other ◽

First Year ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

Water Compartments ◽

Total Body ◽

First Year Of Life

During growth of infants and children, certain characteristic changes are found. A rapid decrease of the relative volumes of total body water and of extracellular water occurs during the first year of life, followed by a smaller decrease of volume of extracellular water later in childhood. At the same time an increased heterogeneity of the extracellular water takes place. On the other hand, the volume of intracellular water increases a little during the first months of life and remains more or less constant from then on. Formulas and nomograms from which these body water compartments can be predicted are presented. Finally, data on the corresponding changes in the total body water and in body specific gravity are discussed.

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Extracellular water to total body water ratio may mediate the association between phase angle and mortality in patients with cancer cachexia: a single-center, retrospective study

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.496 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. S719

Author(s):

N. Katsura ◽

J. Kotani

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Phase Angle ◽

Total Body Water ◽

Cancer Cachexia ◽

Body Water ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

Single Center ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Total Body ◽

Water Ratio

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Can Bioimpedance Determine the Volume of Distribution of Antibiotics in Sepsis?

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x0503300310 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 345-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Balik ◽

J. Sedivy ◽

P. Waldauf ◽

M. Kolar ◽

V. Smejkalova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluid Balance ◽

Total Body Water ◽

Volume Of Distribution ◽

Body Water ◽

University Hospital ◽

Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Total Body ◽

Volumes Of Distribution

The relationship between the volume of distribution, assessed according to the two-compartmental pharmacokinetic model, and extracellular water estimated by bioimpedance was studied in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis and capillary leak. A prospective observational study was performed in a twenty-bed general intensive care unit in the university hospital. Patients received either vancomycin (n=16) or netilmicin (n=12) for more than 48 hours. Those with ascites, pleural effusion, on renal replacement therapy or with haemodynamic instability were excluded. Serum concentrations of drugs were taken for pharmacokinetic analysis before, 1 hour and 4 hours after the 30 minute infusion. Bioimpedance measurement was performed at the time of the third sampling. The protocol was repeated after 24 hours. Fluid balance during the 24 hour interval was recorded. Extracellular water was increased and represented 45.6 to 46.6% of total body water. Fluid balance correlated with the change of extracellular water (r=0.82, P<0.0001) and total body water (r=0.74, P<0.0001). Volumes of distribution of vancomycin (0.677±0.339 l/kg) and netilmicin (0.505±0.172 l/kg) were increased compared to normal values. A correlation was demonstrated between volume of distribution (Vdarea) of vancomycin and extra cellular water/total body ratio (r=0.70, P<0.0001). The central compartment distribution volume (V1) of netilmicin correlated with extracellular water/total body water ratio (r=0.60, P<0.003). Serum concentrations above the recommended therapeutic range were detected in 81.2% of patients on vancomycin and in 50% of patients on netilmicin. Increased volumes of distribution can be estimated by the bioimpedance measurements but are not associated with requirements for higher dosage of the glycopeptide or aminoglycoside antibiotics.

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Total body water and extracellular water measurements throughin vivodilution of D2O and bromide as tracers

Spectroscopy An International Journal ◽

10.1155/2003/506858 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 17 (2-3) ◽

pp. 603-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Giuseppe Sergi ◽

Roberta Bertani ◽

Irene Calliari ◽

Lucia Lupoli ◽

Adriano Berton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Body Water ◽

Body Fluids ◽

Body Water ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

X Ray ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Total Body

Large interest is into the determination of body fluids because of changes in body water in a wide variety of physiological and pathological conditions. Here methods based on dilution of tracers, are reported, for the extracellular water (ECW) and total body water (TBW) determinations on the same sample. As for ECW, bromide is used as tracer and its concentration is determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry; while as for TBW, D2O is used as tracer and HOD is determined by FT IR. Both methods represent significant improvements with respect the procedures described in the literature in terms of availability, reproducibility and accuracy.

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Using Dilution Techniques and Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance to Assess Both Total Body Water and Extracellular Water at Baseline and During Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment in GH-Deficient Adults*

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.82.10.4272 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 82 (10) ◽

pp. 3349-3355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. J. H. Janssen ◽

P. Deurenberg ◽

F. Roelfsema

Keyword(s):

Total Body Water ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Body Water ◽

The Body ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Extracellular Water ◽

Gh Treatment ◽

Total Body ◽

Rhgh Treatment

Abstract Due to the use of various, and mostly indirect, methods to estimate total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW), there is no agreement about whether body water distribution, i.e. the ECW to TBW ratio, is normal in GH-deficient (GHD) subjects at baseline and during recombinant human GH (rhGH) treatment. We studied body water distribution in 14 patients with adult-onset GHD and in 28 healthy controls. We also investigated the effect of GH replacement therapy for 4 and 52 weeks on body water distribution. All patients started with a dose of 0.6 IU rhGH/day for the first 4 weeks. After 52 weeks, the dose varied between 0.6–1.8 IU/day. TBW and ECW were measured by dilution of deuterium and bromide, respectively. Both parameters were also estimated using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance (BIA). Patients with GHD had significantly lower ECW and TBW than healthy controls. In addition, the ECW to TBW ratio was significantly lower in GHD patients than in healthy controls. Four weeks of GH treatment significantly increased body weight, TBW, ECW, and ECW/TBW. A further increase in TBW, but not ECW, was found after 52 weeks of treatment. The mean increases in TBW and ECW from the baselines were 2.5 ± 0.3 and 2.0 ± 0.3 L, respectively. The correlation coefficient and the estimated reliability between measured and estimated TBW and ECW at any time point were all high (>0.91 and >0.95, respectively). In general, both ECW and TBW were overestimated by multifrequency BIA in GHD adults. During treatment, the overestimation of both ECW and TBW diminished. The estimation error was correlated with the level of the body water compartment and the ratio of ECW to TBW. The estimated change in ECW with rhGH treatment was underestimated by multifrequency BIA. We conclude that GHD adults have lower ECW and TBW and a lower ECW to TBW ratio, as measured by dilution techniques. The ECW to TBW ratio can be normalized within 4 weeks of rhGH treatment at a dose of 0.6 IU/day. Finally, we conclude that multifrequency impedance measurements do not give valid estimates of body water compartments in the follow-up of patients with GHD.

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