Increased Serotonin Receptor 1A Binding in Major Depressive Disorder after Psychotherapy, but Not after SSRI Pharmacotherapy, Is Related to Improved Social Functioning Capacity

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasse Karlsson ◽  
Jussi Hirvonen ◽  
Jouko Salminen ◽  
Jarmo Hietala
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Major Depressive

Antibodies against serotonin and gangliosides in schizophrenia and major depressive disorder

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Schott ◽  
A Batra ◽  
R Klein ◽  
M Bartels ◽  
W Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Schizoaffective Psychosis ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Antibodies To Serotonin

SummarySerum-antibodies against an organ specific CNS antigen as well as against serotonin and gangliosides (Gm 1) were analysed by ELISA in 34 patients with schizophrenia, ten patients with schizoaffective psychosis and 13 patients with major depressive disorder. Sixty-two patients with various rheumatic disorders and 32 blood donors were included in the study as controls. Sixty-two percent of the 13 patients with major depressive disorder had antibodies to serotonin and 69% to gangliosides, whereas antibody positive sera was only found in 38% of the 34 patients with schizophrenia. The same antibodies were found in only 6% (antibodies to serotonin) and 13% (antibodies to gangliosides) of the 32 blood donors and in a similar frequency in patients with schizoaffective psychosis. Organ specific antibodies to CNS-antigen could not be detected in the psychiatric patient group at any significant level. It is speculated that auto-immune reactions towards a serotonin receptor may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of major depressive disorder.

Pharmacogenetic Testing in Depressed Patients and Interdisciplinary Exchange between a Pharmacist and Psychiatrists Results in Reduced Hospitalization Times

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (04) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor A. D. Bättig ◽  
Sibylle C. Roll ◽  
Martina Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Interdisciplinary Exchange ◽  
Pilot Implementation

Abstract Introduction Pharmacogenetics (PGx) is a well-researched tool to improve pharmacotherapy. So far, it has not been implemented into daily practice in Germany. In psychopharmacology, substantial benefit can be expected by using PGx due to the excessive CYP metabolism of the psychotropic drugs as well as already discovered target polymorphisms (e. g., serotonin receptor). Methods An evaluation of a naturalistic pharmacist-led pilot implementation of PGx testing in a psychiatric hospital in patients undergoing inpatient treatment for major depressive disorder was conducted. Length of stay, number of antidepressant switches, and rehospitalization rates were analyzed. A PGx-tested intervention cohort of n=49 was retrospectively compared to a control cohort of n=94 patients. Results The intervention cohort showed significantly shorter stays than the control, after correction of the length of hospital stay and the time to genotyping results (mean intervention: 36.3 d (SD: ±19.3 d); control: 46.6 d (±19.1 d); p=0.003). Antidepressant- naïve patients had the largest benefit from the PGx testing (intervention: 24.7 d (±13.5 d); control: 50.2 d (±22.5 d); p < 0.001. The number of antidepressant switches during the entire stay did not differ between the groups: 0.41 (0.64) vs. 0.21 (0.46); p=0.063 [95% CI −0.01–0.40]). Discussion Depressed patients, especially treatment-naïve, seem to benefit from PGx testing prior to treatment. Although the results of this retrospective evaluation are promising, more systematic prospective studies are needed to assess the effect of PGx testing on the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Anhedonia predicts poor psychosocial functioning: Results from a large cohort of patients treated for major depressive disorder by general practitioners

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vinckier ◽  
D. Gourion ◽  
S. Mouchabac
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Symptomatic Remission

AbstractBackground:Anhedonia is a core symptom of major depression and a key prognostic factor that is often poorly explored in clinical trials of major depressive disorder (MDD). Beyond symptomatic remission, psychosocial functioning also reveals difficulty in achieving remission in patients with MDD. The main objective of this study was to explore the interrelationships between social functioning and anhedonia on a longitudinal basis.Methods:In total, 1570 outpatients treated for MDD with agomelatine were included. Severity of depression and levels of anhedonia and of psychosocial functioning were assessed at inclusion and at 10–14 weeks, with specific standardized scales (MADRS, QFS, SHAPS, CGI). Multivariate regression and mediation analyses were performed.Results:Using multivariate regression, we showed that improvement of anhedonia was the strongest predictor of improvement in psychosocial functioning (odds ratio = 7.3 [4.3–12.1] P < 0.0001). In addition, mediation tests confirmed that the association between improvement of depressive symptoms and improvement of social functioning was significantly underpinned by the improvement of anhedonia over time. Finally, we explored the determinants of the dissociation of the response, i.e., the persistence of psychosocial dysfunctioning despite a symptomatic response to antidepressant treatment, which remains a widespread situation in clinical practice. We showed that this dissociation was strongly predicted by persistence of anhedonia.Conclusion:Our results suggest that anhedonia is one of the strongest predictors of psychosocial functioning, along with symptomatic remission, and should be carefully assessed by health professionals, in order to optimize pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological management of depression.

scholarly journals An Overview on Depression: An Approach to Disorder and Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 336-340
Author(s):  
Kartik Pandya ◽  
Chintan Aundhia ◽  
Avinash Seth ◽  
Nirmal Shah ◽  
Dipti Gohil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
The Brain

Central nervous system (CNS) disorder is the world’s leading cause of disability and account of more hospitalizations. Central nervous system disorders are a group of neurological disorder that affect the structure or function of the brain or spinal cord. Depression (major depressive disorder or clinical depression) is a common but serious mood disorder. It causes severe symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle daily activities, such as sleeping, eating, or working. The aim of treatment is release of neurotrophic proteins in the brain that can help to rebuild the hippocampus that has been reduced due to depression and to optimize patients’ physical, psychological and social functioning. This review presents a brief summary on psychological implications of living with depression, pathogenesis, diagnosis, causes, sign and symptoms and treatments associated with depression.

scholarly journals Social functioning in major depressive disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 313-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kupferberg ◽  
Lucy Bicks ◽  
Gregor Hasler
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Major Depressive

Effect of Serotonin Receptor 2A Gene Polymorphism on Mirtazapine Response in Major Depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhee-Hun Kang ◽  
Myoung-Jin Choi ◽  
Jong-Woo Paik ◽  
Sang-Woo Hahn ◽  
Min-Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Hamd Score ◽  
Htr2a Gene

The 5-HTR2A gene is a candidate gene for influencing the clinical response to treatment with antidepressants. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HTR2A gene and the response to mirtazapine in a Korean population with major depressive disorder. Mirtazapine was administered for eight weeks to the 101 patients who completed the study, during which we evaluated the clinical outcome using repeated-measures ANCOVA. A main effect of genotype or an effect of genotype-time interactions on the decrease in HAMD score during the eight-week follow-up was not found, which suggests that the 5-HTR2A -1438A/G polymorphism does not affect the clinical outcome to mirtazapine administration. However, significant effects of genotype and allele carriers on the decrease in the sleep score over the eight weeks were found (genotype: F = 4.093, p = 0.017; allele: F = 4.371, p = 0.037), whereas no effect of genotype-time interactions on the decrease in the HAMD score over the eight-week follow-up was found. These observations suggest that the -1438A/G polymorphism affects the sleep improvement but not the sleep pattern over time. A t-test-based evaluation of the effect of the 5-HTR2A -1438A/G polymorphism on the sleep improvement at each time period revealed significant differences in the sleep scores after two weeks of mirtazapine administration. The sleep scores were lower for carriers of the A+ allele than of the A — allele after two weeks of mirtazapine administration ( p = 0.041), which means that the -1438GG genotype is associated with less improvement in sleep, and suggests that the effect of mirtazapine on improving the sleep quality differs with the 5-HTR2A -1438A/G polymorphism within two weeks of mirtazapine treatment. In conclusion, although the -1438A/G polymorphism affects the sleep improvement resulting from the administration of mirtazapine to Korean patients with major depressive disorder, our results do not support the hypothesis that this polymorphism of the 5-HTR2A gene is involved in the therapeutic response to mirtazapine.

scholarly journals Grip Strength, Neurocognition, and Social Functioning in People WithType-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Aliño-Dies ◽  
Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí ◽  
Patricia Correa-Ghisays ◽  
Vicent Balanzá-Martínez ◽  
Joan Vila-Francés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Major Depressive

Background: Frailty is a common syndrome among older adults and patients with several comorbidities. Grip strength (GS) is a representative parameter of frailty because it is a valid indicator of current and long-term physical conditions in the general population and patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). Physical and cognitive capacities of people with SMIs are usually impaired; however, their relationship with frailty or social functioning have not been studied to date. The current study aimed to determine if GS is a valid predictor of changes in cognitive performance and social functioning in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and SMIs. Methods: Assessments of social functioning, cognitive performance, and GS (measured with an electronic dynamometer) were conducted in 30 outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 35 with major depressive disorder, 42 with bipolar disorder, 30 with schizophrenia, and 28 healthy controls, twice during 1-year, follow-up period. Descriptive analyses were conducted using a one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables and the chi-squared test for categorical variables. Differences between groups for the motor, cognitive, and social variables at T1 and T2 were assessed using a one-way analysis of covariance, with sex and age as co-variates (p &lt; 0.01). To test the predictive capacity of GS at baseline to explain the variance in cognitive performance and social functioning at T2, a linear regression analysis was performed (p &lt; 0.05). Results: Predictive relationships were found among GS when implicated with clinical, cognitive, and social variables. These relationships explained changes in cognitive performance after one year of follow-up; the variability percentage was 67.7%, in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and 89.1% in patients with schizophrenia. Baseline GS along with other variables, also predicted changes in social functioning in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, with variability percentages of 67.3, 36, and 59%, respectively. Conclusion: GS combined with other variables significantly predicted changes in cognitive performance and social functioning in people with SMIs or type-2 diabetes mellitus. Interventions aimed to improve the overall physical conditions of patients who have poor GS could be a therapeutic option that confers positive effects on cognitive performance and social functioning.

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