Reproducibility and Diagnostic Outcomes of Two Visual-Tactile Criteria Used by Dentists to Assess Caries Lesion Activity: A Cross-Over Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Tikhonova ◽  
J.S. Feine ◽  
N.N. Pustavoitava ◽  
P.J. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes

What diagnostic strategy performs better for caries lesion detection on proximal surfaces of adolescents?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Moriyama ◽  
Tatiane F. Novaes ◽  
Fernanda R. Ferreira ◽  
Bruna Lorena P. Moro ◽  
José Carlos P. Imparato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lesion Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Caries Lesion

scholarly journals Fast Focus Ultrasound Liver Technique for the Assessment of Cystic Echinococcosis in Sheep

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Borriello ◽  
Jacopo Guccione ◽  
Antonio Di Loria ◽  
Antonio Bosco ◽  
Paola Pepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Focus Ultrasound ◽  
The Body ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Female Sheep ◽  
Weight Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes

A complete ultrasound examination (cUS) of the liver was performed on 172 female sheep and compared to the performance of a fast-focused ultrasound technique to diagnose echinococcal cysts. The scanned area was divided in: HYP (right hypocondrium), zone (Z)1 from HYP to the 11th intercostal space (IS), Z2 (10th–8th IS) and Z3 (7th–5th IS). Contiguous scans were also examined (HYP + Z1, Z1 + Z2, Z2 + Z3). Furthermore, during the procedures, the sheep were divided into three groups according to the body weight: Group (G) 1 (lighter), G2 (medium), and G3 (heavier). Finally, diagnostic outcomes were compared with necropsy findings. cUS obtained the highest values of sensitivity (Se) (91%), Specificity (Sp) (80%), and positive-zones (124/138, 90%), as compared to the other scans. cUS was also characterized by high values of Se and Sp and was able to identify a great number of positive-zones, when sheep were divided by body-weight groups. Similar performances were obtained in G1 by HYP (Se: 91%–Sp: 82%; 18/20, 90% of positive-zones) and HYP + Z1 scans (Se: 91%–Sp: 82; 90% of positive-zones, 18/20). Thus, in lighter breeds, the examination of HYP and HYP + Z1 scan windows could be considered reliable techniques for identifying the infected animals, while in heavier sheep the cUS still represents the best option.

scholarly journals Artificial Caries Lesion Characteristics after Secondary Demineralization with Theobromine-Containing Protocol

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Hani M. Nassar ◽  
Frank Lippert
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Lesion Depth ◽  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Nail Varnish

Developing artificial caries lesions with varying characteristics is needed to adequately study caries process in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate artificial caries lesion characteristics after secondary demineralization protocol containing theobromine and fluoride. Sixty bovine enamel slabs (4 × 3 mm) were demineralized using a Carbopol-containing protocol for 6 days. A baseline area (2 × 3 mm) was protected with acid-resistant nail varnish, after which specimens were exposed for 24 h to a secondary demineralization protocol containing acetic acid plus one of four fluoride/theobromine combinations (n = 15): theobromine (50 or 200 ppm) and fluoride (0 or 1 ppm). Specimens were sectioned and analyzed using transverse microradiography for changes in mineral content, lesion depth, and surface layer mineralization. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni test at 0.05 significance level. After secondary demineralization, fluoride-containing groups had significantly deeper lesions (p = 0.002 and 0.014) compared to the group with 0 ppm fluoride and 50 ppm theobromine. Mineral content and lesion depth were significantly different compared to baseline for all groups. Theobromine did not show an added effect on mineral uptake. Theobromine-containing groups exhibited particularly deep lesions with a more uniform mineral profile in the presence of fluoride.

scholarly journals How combining different caries lesions characteristics may be helpful in short-term caries progression prediction: model development on occlusal surfaces of primary teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Floriano ◽  
Elizabeth Souza Rocha ◽  
Ronilza Matos ◽  
Juliana Mattos-Silveira ◽  
Kim Rud Ekstrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
Caries Progression ◽  
One Year ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Cavitated Lesions

Abstract Background Few studies have addressed the clinical parameters' predictive power related to caries lesion associated with their progression. This study assessed the predictive validity and proposed simplified models to predict short-term caries progression using clinical parameters related to caries lesion activity status. Methods The occlusal surfaces of primary molars, presenting no frank cavitation, were examined according to the following clinical predictors: colour, luster, cavitation, texture, and clinical depth. After one year, children were re-evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System to assess caries lesion progression. Progression was set as the outcome to be predicted. Univariate multilevel Poisson models were fitted to test each of the independent variables (clinical features) as predictors of short-term caries progression. The multimodel inference was made based on the Akaike Information Criteria and C statistic. Afterwards, plausible interactions among some of the variables were tested in the models to evaluate the benefit of combining these variables when assessing caries lesions. Results 205 children (750 surfaces) presented no frank cavitations at the baseline. After one year, 147 children were reassessed (70%). Finally, 128 children (733 surfaces) presented complete baseline data and had included primary teeth to be reassessed. Approximately 9% of the reassessed surfaces showed caries progression. Among the univariate models created with each one of these variables, the model containing the surface integrity as a predictor had the lowest AIC (364.5). Univariate predictive models tended to present better goodness-of-fit (AICs < 388) and discrimination (C:0.959–0.966) than those combining parameters (AIC:365–393, C:0.958–0.961). When only non-cavitated surfaces were considered, roughness compounded the model that better predicted the lesions' progression (AIC = 217.7, C:0.91). Conclusions Univariate model fitted considering the presence of cavitation show the best predictive goodness-of-fit and discrimination. For non-cavitated lesions, the simplest way to predict those lesions that tend to progress is by assessing enamel roughness. In general, the evaluation of other conjoint parameters seems unnecessary for all non-frankly cavitated lesions.

scholarly journals At Risk for Schizophrenic or Affective Psychoses? A Meta-Analysis of DSM/ICD Diagnostic Outcomes in Individuals at High Clinical Risk

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 923-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Fusar-Poli ◽  
Andreas Bechdolf ◽  
Matthew John Taylor ◽  
Ilaria Bonoldi ◽  
William T. Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Affective Psychoses ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
High Clinical Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes

scholarly journals Caries lesion remineralization with fluoride toothpastes and chlorhexidine - effects of application timing and toothpaste surfactant

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami A. Almohefer ◽  
John A. Levon ◽  
Richard L. Gregory ◽  
George J. Eckert ◽  
Frank Lippert
Keyword(s):  
Application Timing ◽  
Caries Lesion

Videofluoroscopic Swallow Studies and Diagnostic Outcomes in Otherwise Healthy Infants With Dysphagia

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110477
Author(s):  
Michael C. Shih ◽  
Christina Rappazzo ◽  
Caroline Hudson ◽  
Julina Ongkasuwan
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Silent Aspiration ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Laryngeal Penetration ◽  
Swallow Study ◽  
Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes ◽  
Tracheal Aspiration

Objectives: To evaluate videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) findings in infants with dysphagia and without prior diagnoses, and to characterize the outcomes and any diagnoses that follow. Methods: A chart review of all pediatric patients who received a VFSS at a tertiary children’s hospital from November 2008 to March 2017 was performed. Results: There were 106 infants (57 males and 49 females) with 108 VFSS. VFSS was normal in 18 (16.98%) infants. Regarding airway protection, 50 (47.17%) infants had laryngeal penetration, and 8 (7.55%) had tracheal aspiration; 3 (2.83%, 37.5% of all aspirators) exhibited silent aspiration. Of the 75 infants with minimum 2-year follow-up, 35 (46.67%) had no sequelae of disease and received no diagnoses. The most common diagnoses and pathologic sequelae were gastroesophageal reflux (n = 18, 24.00%), asthma (n = 8, 10.67%), laryngomalacia (n = 6, 8.00%), and tracheomalacia (n = 4, 5.33%), all consistent with United States pediatric data on prevalence. All infants (n = 51) with follow-up for dysphagia had resolution of symptoms within 9 months from VFSS order date. Conclusions: Otherwise healthy infants may show signs of dysphagia and not develop later illness. Parents can thus be counseled on the implications of dysphagia in a previously healthy infant. Our findings provide comparative statistics for future research in pediatric dysphagia.

scholarly journals Highlights of this issue

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (6) ◽  
pp. A22-A22
Author(s):  
Kimberlie Dean
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Childhood Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Diagnostic Outcomes

Interventions throughout early life - antenatally, in childhood and in adolescenceTwo papers in the Journal this month describe trials of interventions targeting young people – one focused on treating anxiety disorders in childhood and another on preventing eating disorders in adolescence. While CBT for childhood anxiety disorders is known to be effective, its availability is limited. Thirlwall et al (pp. 436–444) conducted a randomised controlled trial of low-intensity guided parent-delivered CBT in a sample of children with anxiety disorders referred by primary or secondary care to a specialist clinic. Compared with waiting-list controls, the children receiving the full intervention demonstrated superior diagnostic outcomes, whereas those receiving a brief version of the intervention showed no improvements. In a linked editorial, Cartwright-Hatton (pp. 401–402) highlights the prevalence of childhood anxiety disorders, the implications of failing to treat them and the evidence supporting their treatability. She also points to the implications of findings from Thirlwall et al indicating that therapists need not be highly trained or experienced to achieve significant results.

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