Effect of an Experimental Paste with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Fluoride on Dental Demineralisation and Remineralisation in situ

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz M. Souza ◽  
Livia P. Comar ◽  
Mariele Vertuan ◽  
Constantino Fernandes Neto ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mi Paste Plus ◽  
Mi Paste ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide ◽  
Mineral Loss

This study evaluated the effect of an experimental paste containing hydroxyapatite in nanoparticles (nano-HA)/fluoride on dental de-remineralisation in situ. Thirteen subjects took part in this crossover/randomised/double-blind study performed in 4 phases (14 days each). Four sound and 4 pre-demineralised specimens were worn intraorally at each phase corresponding to the following treatments: Nanop Plus (10% HA, 0.2% NaF, nano-HA/fluoride), MI Paste Plus (casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, 0.2% NaF), F (0.2% NaF) and placebo. Two-hundred and forty enamel and 240 dentine specimens were selected by using surface microhardness; half of them were subjected to pre-demineralisation and the other half remained sound. Sound specimens were further exposed to severe cariogenic challenge (20% sucrose in biofilm) in situ, while pre-demineralised specimens were not. All specimens were exposed to fluoride dentifrice slurry 2 × 1 min/day. Thereafter, the treatments were done for 4 min. The de-remineralisation was quantified by transversal microradiography. The data were statistically analysed by repeated-measures ANOVA/Tukey's tests (p < 0.05). Generally, no huge differences were found among the treatments. However, Nanop Plus was the only treatment able to significantly reduce dentine demineralisation (ΔZ, integrated mineral loss) and to improve enamel remineralisation (ΔΔZ, integrated mineral uptake) compared to placebo. No treatments were able to reduce enamel demineralisation, while for dentine remineralisation all treatments were similarly effective in improving ΔΔZ compared to placebo. Nanop Plus seems to have a positive influence on dental de-remineralisation, which should be further confirmed.

Effectiveness of a Toothpaste with Low Fluoride Content Combined with Trimetaphosphate on Dental Biofilm and Enamel Demineralization in situ

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana M. Takeshita ◽  
Marcelle Danelon ◽  
Luciene P. Castro ◽  
Kikue T. Sassaki ◽  
Alberto C.B. Delbem
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Oral Appliances ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Mineral Loss

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate in situ whether a toothpaste with low fluoride associated with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) would provide similar effect to that of a 1,100 ppm F toothpaste. Design: This crossover double-blind study consisted of 4 phases (14 days each), during which 10 volunteers wore oral appliances containing 4 enamel bovine blocks. The cariogenic challenge was performed by the application of a 20% sucrose solution (6×/day). The toothpaste treatments (2×/day) were: placebo, 500 ppm F, 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP, and 1,100 ppm F. At the end, enamel mineral loss and biofilm composition were analyzed. Results: The toothpaste with 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP showed the lowest mineral loss (p < 0.05). Regarding the fluoride and calcium concentrations in the enamel and in the biofilm, there were no significant differences between 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP, and 1,100 ppm F toothpastes (p > 0.569), but they were significantly different when compared to toothpaste with 500 ppm F (p < 0.050). Conclusion: The addition of 1% TMP to a low-fluoride toothpaste reduces enamel demineralization in situ similar to a 1,100 ppm F toothpaste.

scholarly journals Remineralizing Efficacy of a CPP-ACP Cream on Enamel Caries Lesions in situ

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel ◽  
Richard J. Wierichs ◽  
Timo Schellwien ◽  
Sebastian Paris
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Mineral Loss

The aim of this double-blind, randomized, cross-over in situ study was to compare the remineralizing effects induced by the application of casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate complexes (CPP-ACP)-containing cream (without fluoride) after the use of fluoride toothpaste with the prolonged use of fluoride toothpaste on enamel caries lesions in situ. During each of three experimental legs of 4 weeks, 13 participants wore intra-oral mandibular appliances with 8 pre-demineralized bovine enamel specimens in the vestibular flanges mimicking either ‘easily cleanable' or ‘proximal' surfaces (n = 312). The three randomly allocated treatments were as follows: (1) application of CPP-ACP-containing cream (GC Tooth Mouse, non-fluoride) after the use of fluoride toothpaste (1,400 ppm NaF; TM), (2) prolonged application of fluoride toothpaste (1,400 ppm NaF; positive control, PC) and (3) prolonged application of fluoride-free toothpaste (negative control, NC). Additionally, one of each of the two flanges was brushed twice daily with the respective toothpaste. The differences in integrated mineral loss as assessed by transversal microradiography were calculated between values before and after the in situ period. Changes in mineral loss were analysed for those pairs of subgroups differing in only one of the three factors (intervention, brushing and position). The PC treatment induced a significantly higher mineral gain compared with the TM and NC treatments. No significant differences between TM and NC for both positions were observed. In conclusion, the additional use of a CPP-ACP-containing cream seems to be less efficacious in remineralizing caries lesions than the prolonged application of fluoride toothpaste. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

scholarly journals (In)Consistencies in Responses to Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation: A Randomised, Repeated Measures, Counterbalanced and Double-Blind Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e0143086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Froio de Araujo Dias ◽  
Vinicius da Eira Silva ◽  
Vitor de Salles Painelli ◽  
Craig Sale ◽  
Guilherme Giannini Artioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind

In situ Mineral Loss Inhibition by CO2 Laser and Fluoride

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.K.A. Rodrigues ◽  
M. Nobre dos Santos ◽  
J.D.B. Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Mineral Loss

Laser and fluoride treatments have been shown to inhibit enamel demineralization in the laboratory. However, the intra-oral effects of this association have not been tested. This study assessed in situ the effect of a Transversely Excited Atmospheric CO2 laser (λ = 9.6 μm) and the use of pressure fluoridated dentifrice on enamel demineralization. During two 14-day phases, 17 volunteers wore palatal appliances containing human enamel slabs assigned to treatment groups, as follows: (1) non-fluoride dentifrice, (2) CO2 laser irradiation plus non-fluoride dentifrice, (3) fluoride dentifrice, and (4) CO2 laser irradiation plus fluoride dentifrice. A 20% sucrose solution was dripped onto the slabs 8 times per day. The specimens treated with laser and/or fluoridated dentifrice presented a significantly lower mineral loss when compared with those from the non-fluoride dentifrice group. The results suggested that CO2 laser treatment of enamel inhibits demineralization in the human mouth, being more effective when associated with fluoride.

Fluoride and Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C. Reynolds ◽  
F. Cai ◽  
N.J. Cochrane ◽  
P. Shen ◽  
G.D. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Supragingival Plaque ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptide

Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) slows the progression of caries and remineralizes enamel subsurface lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of CPP-ACP to increase the incorporation of fluoride into plaque and to promote enamel remineralization in situ. Randomized, double-blind, cross-over studies involved mouthrinses and dentifrices containing CPP-ACP and fluoride. The mouthrinses were used for 60 sec, three times/day for 5 days, and supragingival plaque was collected and analyzed for F. The dentifrices were rinsed as a water slurry for 60 sec four times/day for 14 days in an in situ model. The addition of 2% CPP-ACP to the 450-ppm-F mouthrinse significantly increased the incorporation of fluoride into plaque. The dentifrice containing 2% CPP-ACP produced a level of remineralization similar to that achieved with a dentifrice containing 2800 ppm F. The dentifrice containing 2% CPP-ACP plus 1100 ppm F was superior to all other formulations.

scholarly journals Curcumin and cognition: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of community-dwelling older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 2106-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith ◽  
Belinda M. Brown ◽  
Hamid R. Sohrabi ◽  
Tejal Shah ◽  
Kathryn G. Goozee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractCurcumin therapy in animals has produced positive cognitive and behavioural outcomes; results of human trials, however, have been inconsistent. In this study, we report the results of a 12-month, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study that investigated the ability of a curcumin formulation to prevent cognitive decline in a population of community-dwelling older adults. Individuals (n 96) ingested either placebo or 1500 mg/d BiocurcumaxTM for 12 months. A battery of clinical and cognitive measures was administered at baseline and at the 6-month and 12-month follow-up assessments. A significant time×treatment group interaction was observed for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (repeated-measures analysis; time×treatment; F=3·85, P<0·05). Subsequent analysis revealed that this association was driven by a decline in function of the placebo group at 6 months that was not observed in the curcumin treatment group. No differences were observed between the groups for all other clinical and cognitive measures. Our findings suggest that further longitudinal assessment is required to investigate changes in cognitive outcome measures, ideally in conjunction with biological markers of neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Effect of fluoride dentifrices on white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment: A randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung H. Kau ◽  
Jue Wang ◽  
Anna Palombini ◽  
Nadia Abou-Kheir ◽  
Terpsithea Christou
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Mi Paste Plus ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Mi Paste ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Reduction Effect

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the effect of Clinpro 5000, Clinpro Tooth Crème, and MI-Paste Plus on the formation of white spot lesions in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: Three prospective groups with 40 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in each group were evaluated (total recruitment = 120 subjects). The selected product was brushed on for 2 minutes twice daily for 4 months. Subjects were reviewed for 4 months on a monthly basis. The Enamel Decalcification Index (EDI) was used to determine the number of white spot lesions per surface at each visit. Results: 100 subjects (35 using Clinpro 5000, 32 using Clinpro Tooth Crème, and 33 using MI Paste Plus) completed the study. The data lend strong support for Clinpro 5000 providing superior protection against enamel decalcification when compared to Clinpro Crème, and mixed support when compared to MI Paste Plus. Conclusions: The use of Clinpro 5000, Clinpro Crème, and MI paste Plus all have a reduction effect on white spot lesions when compared to studies reported previously. Clinpro 5000 has a marginally better effect than the two other test pastes. The results of this study can be used by clinicians when deciding the effectiveness of using fluoride dentifrice products to prevent white spot lesions in their orthodontic practice (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03440996).

scholarly journals Contact with Fluoride-Releasing Restorative Materials Can Arrest Simulated Approximal Caries Lesion

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila de Almeida Brandão Guglielmi ◽  
Ana Flávia Bissoto Calvo ◽  
Tamara Kerber Tedesco ◽  
Fausto Medeiros Mendes ◽  
Daniela Prócida Raggio
Keyword(s):  
Contact Point ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Ph Cycling ◽  
Approximal Surface ◽  
Mineral Loss

Previous studies have suggested that the presence of white-spot lesion is very probable when adjacent surface is affected by cavitated lesions. This study evaluated the potential of different fluoride-releasing restorative materials in arresting enamel white-spot lesions in approximal surface in contact with them,in vitro(I) andin situ(II). White-spot lesions were formed in 240 primary enamel specimens via pH-cycling. They were put in contact with cylindrical blocks of 6 materials (n=20): composite resin, 2 high-viscous glass ionomer cements (HVGIC), resin-modified GIC, resin-modified nanoionomer, and polyacid-modified resin. In both studies I and II, these settings were designed to simulate the contact point between the restoration and simulated approximal lesion. For study I, they were subjected to a new pH-cycling cariogenic challenge for 7 or 14 days (n=10). For study II, a randomized double-blindin situdesign was conducted in two phases (7/14 days) to promote cariogenic challenge. At the end of both studies, specimens were collected for mineral analysis by cross-sectional microhardness. Higher mineral loss was observed for lesions in contact with resin (p<0.001). HVGICs were the most efficient in preventing mineral loss, whereas other materials presented an intermediate behavior. It is concluded that fluoride-releasing materials can moderately reduce white-spot lesions progression, and HVGIC can arrest enamel lesion in approximal surface in contact with them.

Cariogenic Potential of Sucrose Associated with Maltodextrin on Dental Enamel

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Rezende ◽  
Rodrigo A. Arthur ◽  
Debora Grando ◽  
Lina N. Hashizume
Keyword(s):  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dextrose Equivalent ◽  
Inorganic Composition ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Maltodextrin is a hydrolysate of cornstarch and has been widely used in the food industry associated with sucrose. The addition of starch can increase the cariogenic potential of sucrose; however, there are sparse data regarding the cariogenicity of sucrose associated with maltodextrin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test in situ if maltodextrin could increase the cariogenic potential of sucrose. This was an in situ, randomized, crossover, split-mouth, and double-blind study. Volunteers wore palatal appliances containing bovine enamel blocks for 2 periods of 14 days. They dripped the following solutions on the enamel blocks 8 times per day: deionized distilled water (DDW), maltodextrin (M), sucrose + maltodextrin (S+M), or sucrose (S). At the end of each experimental period, biofilms were collected and analyzed for microbiological (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, and total microorganisms counts) and biochemical (calcium, inorganic phosphate, fluoride, and insoluble extracellular polysaccharides concentrations) compositions. The enamel demineralization was assessed by microhardness. Treatments S and S+M resulted in a lower inorganic composition and higher concentration of insoluble extracellular polysaccharides in the biofilms, and higher enamel mineral loss compared to DDW and M. It can be concluded that the cariogenic potential of sucrose is not changed when this carbohydrate is associated with maltodextrin (dextrose equivalent 13-17).

Effect of daily etidronate on the osteolysis of multiple myeloma.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1397-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Belch ◽  
D E Bergsagel ◽  
K Wilson ◽  
S O'Reilly ◽  
J Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Height Loss ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Pathologic Fractures ◽  
Significant Difference

Progressive bone disease in multiple myeloma frequently leads to osteolysis, bone resorption, pathologic fractures, vertebral compression, and hypercalcemia. We conducted a double-blind study in 173 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients of etidronate disodium (EHDP), a diphosphonate compound that reduces bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclastic activity. The patients were randomly assigned to receive oral EHDP 5 mg/kg/d or placebo until death or discontinuation due to intolerance or refusal. The extent of vertebral deformity was measured by a vertebral index as well as height. The frequency of pathologic fractures, hypercalcemia, and bone pain was regularly assessed, as well as size and number of osteolytic lesions. All patients received melphalan and prednisone daily for 4 days every 4 weeks as the primary chemotherapy for their disease. Although the repeated measures analysis showed a significant height loss, there was no difference between treatment arms (P = .98). There was no significant difference in bone pain, episodes of hypercalcemia, or development of pathologic fractures. Patients on EHDP showed less deterioration in their vertebral index, but this difference only approached statistical significance (P = .07). We conclude that EHDP therapy used in this dosage schedule does not have a clinically significant impact in multiple myeloma.

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