scholarly journals Metabolic Pancreatitis: Pancreatic Steatosis, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Associated Chronic Pancreatitis in 3 Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine Melitas ◽  
Mick Meiselman
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Pancreatic Injury ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Valuable Marker ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Pancreatic Steatosis

Obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome continue to increase in prevalence. Hypertriglyceridemia is commonly associated and represents a valuable marker of metabolic syndrome. An increase in subcutaneous fat deposition places patients at risk for visceral adipose deposition in sites such as the liver, heart, and pancreas. Pancreatic steatosis in the setting of metabolic syndrome is a rapidly emerging entity whose clinical spectrum remains to be defined. Hypertriglyceridemia is an accepted cause of acute pancreatitis but its role in chronic pancreatic injury remains to be explored. We present 3 patients with chronic abdominal pain and pancreatic steatosis in the setting of underlying metabolic syndrome with hypertriglyceridemia. These cases were identified in one endoscopic ultrasonographer’s practice over a 12-month period. Each patient had documented hypertriglyceridemia but no history of acute hypertriglyceride-induced pancreatitis. A history of significant alcohol exposure was carefully excluded. Each patient underwent endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) which proved critical in delineating the spectrum of chronic pancreatic injury. Each of our patients had EUS documentation of pancreatic steatosis and sufficient criteria to establish a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. Intraductal pancreatic calculi were identified in all 3 patients. Our series suggests that in the setting of metabolic syndrome, chronic hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatic steatosis may be associated with chronic pancreatitis. We hypothesize that hypertriglyceridemia may provide a pathogenic role in the development of chronic pancreatic microinjury. In addition, each of our patients had EUS-documented pancreatic ductal lithiasis. To our review, these are novel findings which have yet to be reported. We believe that with an enhanced awareness, it is likely that the entity of metabolic syndrome with features of pancreatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia with their associated manifestations of chronic pancreatitis, including ductal lithiasis, will be widely appreciated.

scholarly journals Obesity is the basis of metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
A. F. Verbovoy ◽  
N. I. Verbovaya ◽  
Yu. A. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Symptom Complex ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Positive Effect

Metabolic syndrome is a symptom complex that is based on visceral obesity and insulin resistance. Its prevalence is quite high, which is a big problem, since this condition increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and mortality from them. Metabolic syndrome includes, in addition to abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension, disorders of carbohydrate, lipid and purine metabolism. Visceral adipose tissue plays a key role in the formation of insulin resistance and other components of the metabolic syndrome. This is due to the fact that abdominal fat, in contrast to subcutaneous fat, synthesizes pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as adipokines — adipose tissue hormones that are involved in the formation of insulin resistance, affect carbohydrate and fat metabolism and the cardiovascular system. These include leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin and others. Some adipokines have an adverse effect on metabolism and increase cardiovascular risks, while others, on the contrary, have a positive effect. Taking into account their role in the development of the components of the metabolic syndrome, the possibilities of a therapeutic effect on the hormones of adipose tissue to improve metabolic processes and prevent complications associated with it are discussed.

Correction of morphofunctional disorders with grapes polyphenols in rats with experimental metabolic syndrome

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Ю.И. Шрамко ◽  
А.В. Кубышкин ◽  
А.А. Давыдова ◽  
И.И. Фомочкина ◽  
Л.Л. Алиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Grape Polyphenols ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Experimental Group

Цель работы состояла в изучении влияния полифенолов винограда на органы-мишени при экспериментальном метаболическом синдроме у крыс. Методы. В течение 12 недель полифенолы винограда применялись у крыс линии Вистар. Все крысы находились на стандартном рационе. Животные были разделены на 6 групп: 1-я контрольная получала питьевую воду; 2-я контрольная и все 4 экспериментальные - 2,5% раствор фруктозы в качестве питья. 1-я экспериментальная группа дополнительно получала препарат «Фэнокор» с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 181,53 г/дм, 2-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 1,73 г/дм; 3-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 4,33 г/дм и 4-я экспериментальная - виноматериал с суммарным содержанием полифенолов 8,58 г/дм. После окончания опыта у крыс проводили морфологические исследования висцеральной жировой ткани, тканей миокарда и печени. Результаты. Анализ результатов показал, что применение полифенольных продуктов переработки винограда в концентрациях 181,53 г/дм при моделировании метаболического синдрома приводило к минимизации морфофункциональных нарушений в висцеральной жировой ткани (уменьшение интенсивности лимфоплазмоцитарной инфильтрации), миокарде (мышечные волокна имели типичное строение и адипоциты между ними встречались лишь очагово) и печени (имелись лишь слабые очаговые дистрофические изменения гепатоцитов). Заключение. Результаты работы свидетельствуют о возможности применения виноматериалов с наибольшей концентрацией полифенолов и препарата «Фэнокор» в коррекции и профилактике поражений при метаболическом синдроме. The aim of this work was to study the effect of grape polyphenols on target organs in rats with experimental metabolic syndrome. Methods. Grape polyphenols were used in Wistar rats for 12 weeks. All rats received a standard diet. The animals were divided into 6 groups: group 1, control, received drinking water; group 2, the second control, and four experimental groups received a 2.5% fructose solution for drinking. The first experimental group additionally received a drug, Fenocor, containing polyphenols at 181.53 g/dm; the second experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 1,73 g/dm; the third experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 4,33 g/dm; and the fourth experimental group - wine material containing polyphenols at 8,58 g/dm. At the end of experiment, morphological studies of visceral adipose tissue, myocardial tissue, and hepatic tissue were performed. Results. The treatment of rats with experimental metabolic syndrome with grape polyphenolic products at a concentration of 181.53 g/dm minimized morphological and functional disorders in visceral adipose tissue (intensity of lymphoplasmocytic infiltration was decreased), myocardium (muscle fibers had normal structure with only occasional adipocytes between them), and liver (only slight focal degenerative changes were observed in hepatocytes). Conclusion. The study indicated a possibility of using wine materials with the highest concentration of polyphenols and the drug Fenocor for correction and prevention of damages in metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome in HIV-patients in Antiretroviral Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-395
Author(s):  
Daniel Vargas-Pacherrez ◽  
Helma P. Cotrim ◽  
Leonardo Pires ◽  
Vitor Cunha ◽  
Vitor Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction: The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among people living with HIV/AIDS varies from 20% to 33%. Objective: to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in a group of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with HIV-infected patients from a reference center in Bahia, Brazil. We evaluated clinical, socio-demographic and anthropometric data. MS was defined according to the guidelines of International Diabetes Federation. Results: We evaluated 152 patients with mean age of 47.3±11.6 years, 59.2% male. The main comorbidities detected were diabetes (3.3%) hypertriglyceridemia (9.3%) and metabolic syndrome (MS,38.2%). Patients with MS were predominantly women (55.2% vs 31.9%; p=0.005), older [52.1 (10.4) vs 44.3 (11.3); p<0.001], and had overweight (74.1% vs 23.4%; p<0.001). After multivariate analysis MS remained associated with age (OR = 1.076; 95% CI: 1.030 – 1.125), female sex (OR = 2.452; 95% CI: 1.114 – 5.374) and family history of hypertension (OR = 3.678; 95% CI: 1.431 – 9.395). Conclusion: Almost half of the HIV-infected patients in Bahia presents with MS which seems to be driven by classical risk factors.

scholarly journals Acetaldehyde reinforcement and motor reactivity in newborns with or without a prenatal history of alcohol exposure

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samanta M. March ◽  
Marcela E. Culleré ◽  
Paula Abate ◽  
José I. Hernández ◽  
Norman E. Spear ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
History Of

Acquired localised lipoatrophy secondary to transgluteal drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e242964
Author(s):  
Austin Hamp ◽  
Jarett Anderson ◽  
Arjun Bal ◽  
Nate Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Previous Surgery ◽  
Abscess Drainage ◽  
Potential Side Effect ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
History Of ◽  
Focal Fat ◽  
Made In

Acquired localised lipoatrophy is a focal loss of subcutaneous fat, which is commonly secondary to trauma, injections of medications such as antibiotics or corticosteroids, pressure, previous surgery or panniculitis. We present a case of a patient who experienced focal fat loss in the left gluteal region from a previous left transgluteal drainage of a suspected abscess. There was no medical history of corticosteroid, antibiotic injection or use of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Lipoatrophy occurring as a consequence of a deep pelvic abscess drainage has not been reported in the literature; however, based on the lack of other aetiologies, the diagnosis of acquired localised lipoatrophy secondary to a transgluteal drainage was made in this patient. The aim of this report was to present this rare cause of lipoatrophy that has not previously been described and to acknowledge lipoatrophy as a potential side effect of a deep abscess drainage.

Association between Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Other Various Factors Defining Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Basavaraj PG ◽  
Ashok P Yenkanchi ◽  
Chidanand Galagali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Positive History ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: Risk factors can lead to clinical conditions, like metabolic syndrome, that predisposes the development of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: The goal of this population-based, prospective and non-randomised cohort study was to study the association between patients with metabolic syndrome and other various factors defining metabolic syndrome. Methods: All the patients referred to the department of Medicine, Al-Ameen Medical college hospital and District Hospital, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India over a period of twenty-two months extending from December 2013 to September 2015 were considered in this study. Results: In the current study, out of 100 patients, 62.9% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive family history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus. 70.8% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of smoking. 64.3% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of alcohol .73.9% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of IHD. 87% of the patients with metabolic syndrome had SBP> 130 mmHg, and 78.85% patients had DBP>85 mmHg. And metabolic syndrome was observed in 71.8% patients on anti hypertensive drugs. The mean level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride is increased whereas the mean level of anti-atherogenic HDL cholesterol is low in subjects with MS. At least one lipid abnormality was present in > 95 % of cases. Around 81% subjects with BMI <25 (out of 38) had metabolic syndrome and 58% subjects with BMI>25(out of 62) had metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: All the components defining the metabolic syndrome correlated positively with the abdominal obesity. Systolic blood pressure values were significantly higher than diastolic blood pressure in subjects with abdominal obesity. Metabolic syndrome has multiple risk factors determined by various aspects like the race, the life style, geographical factors larger study is needed to understand the correlation between various components defining it. A healthy lifestyle, that includes avoiding tobacco exposure and proper weight control, must be encouraged in this high-risk population. Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Overweight; Risk factors; Smoking.

Lupus mastitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. WILLERS ◽  
P. BERTELOOT ◽  
I. WITTEVRONGHEL ◽  
G. JACOMEN ◽  
V. SCHELFHOUT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Breast Lesion ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Lupus Panniculitis ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Tissue

Lupus mastitis Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) infrequently presents itself as lupus panniculitis. In lupus panniculitis the subcutaneous fat tissue is involved in the inflammatory process. Lupus mastitis is again a rare variant of lupus panniculitis, probably caused by an immune-mediated inflammatory process. In literature on the topic we can find 30 cases of lupus mastitis in men and women. Lupus mastitis may present like a breast lesion suspected to be malignant, clinically and radiologically. In the differential diagnosis we consider inflammatory breast cancer, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTL) and diabetes mastopathy. With a medical history of SLE and signs of inflammation of the skin above the lesion however, a diagnosis of lupus mastopathy is more presumable. Medical treatment seems more indicated in lupus mastitis, because delayed healing after surgical procedures is often reported. Even though methylprednisolone and chloroquine give clinical improvement, they need to be repeated often because of a high risk of relapse.

Excess of visceral adipose tissue with or without aortic elongation leads to a steeper heart position

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110340
Author(s):  
S Petteri Kauhanen ◽  
Petri Saari ◽  
Tarmo Korpela ◽  
Timo Liimatainen ◽  
Ritva Vanninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Aortic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axial Ct ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background The heart’s position determined as the heart–aorta angle (HAA) has been demonstrated to associate with ascending aortic (AA) dilatation. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and aortic elongation may shift the heart to the steeper position. Purpose To investigate whether VAT and aortic length influence the HAA. Material and Methods We examined 346 consecutive patients (58.4% men; mean age = 67.0 ± 14.1 years) who underwent aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA). HAA was measured as the angle between the long axis of the heart and AA midline. The amount of VAT was measured at the level of middle L4 vertebra from a single axial CT slice. Aortic length was measured by combining four anatomical segments in different CTA images. The amount of VAT and aortic length were determined as mild with values in the lowest quartile and as excessive with values in the other three quartiles. Results A total of 191 patients (55.2%) had no history of aortic diseases, 134 (38.7%) displayed AA dilatation, 8 (2.3%) had abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and 13 (3.8%) had both AA dilatation and AAA. There was a strong nonlinear regression between smaller HAA and VAT/height, and HAA and aortic length/height. Median HAA was 124.2° (interquartile range 119.0°–130.8°) in patients with a mild amount of VAT versus 120.5° (interquartile range 115.4°–124.7°) in patients with excessive VAT ( P < 0.001). Conclusion An excessive amount of VAT and aortic elongation led to a steeper heart position. These aspects may possess clinical value when evaluating aortic diseases in obese patients.

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