scholarly journals Identification of Polyomaviruses in Skin Cancers

Intervirology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Pedro V.A. Costa ◽  
Patricia S. Ishiy ◽  
Paulo R.P. Urbano ◽  
Camila M. Romano ◽  
Stephen K. Tyring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Skin Carcinogenesis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Skin Tumour

Background: Polyomaviruses (PyVs) were initially described in animals. They have also been detected in humans with some evidence that could play a role in skin carcinogenesis. Objectives: This study aimed to verify the presence of PyVs in different skin tumour samples and to make clinical correlations with patients’ epidemiological data from Clinics Hospital of Medical School of University of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A random selection was performed of 120 patients with histopathological exams of different cutaneous neoplasms equally divided into 6 groups and 20 patients with normal skin. The available skin specimens were analysed with 2 different techniques of PCR (conventional and real time) for detection of PyV DNA. Concomitantly, retrospective analysis of the respective medical records for the collection of epidemiological data was done. Analyses suitable for categorical data were used to compare the proportion of patients in each group. Results: PyV DNA was found in 25.69% of the samples: 15% in basal cell carcinoma group, 15% in squamous cell carcinoma, 28.57% in melanoma, 15% in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, 13.33% in Kaposi sarcoma, 65% in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), and none in normal skin. Merkel cell PyV detection was statistically significant in MCC patients (p value <0.01), but no correlations were found between PyVs and others skin tumours. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the presence of PyVs in different skin tumours; however, no association of any PyVs found in any skin tumour with epidemiological data could be shown. Further studies are still needed to elucidate the mechanisms of PyVs in skin carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Mushroom-Like Skin Tumours: Report of Three Cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Wollina ◽  
Dana Langer ◽  
Georgi Tchernev
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
Elderly Female ◽  
Pubmed Database

Mushroom like the growth of skin tumour is a rare phenomenon although described already in 1806 by Alibert, who focused on mycosis fungicides. We identified only four case reports in PUBMED database using the terms "mushroom-like growth" and "skin tumour". We analysed our files and identified three elderly female patients (69 to 94 years old). Histological diagnosis was melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. All tumours could be completely removed by wide excision or delayed Mohs surgery. No metastatic spread was noted.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus in basal cell carcinoma and perilesional tissue: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-528
Author(s):  
Marianna Tavares Venceslau Gonçalves ◽  
Rafael Brandão Varella ◽  
Núbia Karla de Oliveira Almeida ◽  
Maria Angelica Arpon Marandino Guimarães ◽  
Flávio Barbosa Luz
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Characterization of the Merkel Cell Carcinoma miRNome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Ning ◽  
Annette S. Kim ◽  
Nripesh Prasad ◽  
Shawn E. Levy ◽  
Huiqiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

MicroRNAs have been implicated in various skin cancers, including melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma; however, the expression of microRNAs and their role in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) have yet to be explored in depth. To identify microRNAs specific to MCC (MCC-miRs), next-generation sequencing (NGS) of small RNA libraries was performed on different tissue samples including MCCs, other cutaneous tumors, and normal skin. Comparison of the profiles identified several microRNAs upregulated and downregulated in MCC. For validation, their expression was measured via qRT-PCR in a larger group of MCC and in a comparison group of non-MCC cutaneous tumors and normal skin. Eight microRNAs were upregulated in MCC: miR-502-3p, miR-9, miR-7, miR-340, miR-182, miR-190b, miR-873, and miR-183. Three microRNAs were downregulated: miR-3170, miR-125b, and miR-374c. Many of these MCC-miRs, the miR-183/182/96a cistron in particular, have connections to tumorigenic pathways implicated in MCC pathogenesis.In situhybridization confirmed that the highly expressed MCC-miR, miR-182, is localized within tumor cells. Furthermore, NGS and qRT-PCR reveal that several of these MCC-miRs are highly expressed in the patient-derived MCC cell line, MS-1. These data indicate that we have identified a set of MCC-miRs with important implications for MCC research.

scholarly journals Which Are the Cells of Origin in Merkel Cell Carcinoma?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tilling ◽  
Ingrid Moll
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Merkel Cells ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Skin Tumour ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cells Of Origin

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a highly aggressive skin tumour with increasing incidence, is associated with the newly discovered Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Studies on MCC and MCPyV as well as other risk factors have significantly increased our knowledge of MCC pathogenesis, but the cells of origin, which could be important targets in future therapies, are still unknown. Merkel cells (MCs), the neuroendocrine cells of the skin, were believed to be at the origin of MCC due to their phenotypic similarities. However, for several reasons, for example, heterogeneous differentiation of MCCs and postmitotic character of MCs, it is not very likely that MCC develops from differentiated MCs. Skin stem cells, probably from the epidermal lineage, are more likely to be cells of origin in MCC. Future studies will have to address these questions more directly in order to identify the physiological cells which are transformed to MCC cells.

Neoadjuvant Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Merkel Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (22) ◽  
pp. 2471-2475
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Brohl ◽  
Vernon K. Sondak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Past History ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Cross Sectional

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. A 78-year-old man presented with rapidly enlarging lymph nodes in the right preauricular region and neck. Needle biopsy revealed a cytokeratin 20–positive, high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm consistent with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Cross-sectional imaging disclosed a 5.2-cm intraparotid mass and extensive adenopathy in the ipsilateral cervical and submental chains ( Figs 1A and 1C ), without distant metastatic disease. A skin examination did not reveal a primary lesion (hence, stage IIIA, T0N1bM0). The patient’s history was notable for hypertension, diet-controlled diabetes type II, high cholesterol, and a past history of numerous cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinomas. He was quite active but reported discomfort from the bulk of the tumors. The patient was evaluated by the surgical oncology team, who believed that the parotid mass and cervical adenopathy were technically resectable but that resection carried a substantial risk of morbidity because of the potential need to sacrifice the facial and/or spinal accessory nerves and because of a likely margin-positive (R1 or R2) result. He was referred to the medical oncology team to discuss management options for regionally advanced, “borderline-resectable” MCC.

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Diagnostic Experience in a Reference Hospital: A Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Rocio del Pilar López Panqueva ◽  
David A. Suarez-Zamora ◽  
Luis E. Barrera-Herrera ◽  
Mariam Rolón Cadena
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposed Skin

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumor, usually located in sun-exposed skin, with aggressive behavior and with high recurrence risk and metastatic disease. In Latin America, case series have been published, and it does not exceed 32 patients in 10 years, and in Colombia, there are case reports. We present a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study in patients diagnosed with MCC in the Department of Pathology and Laboratories at the University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá(FSFB) between January 2003 and December 2018. We present the demographic, clinical, and pathological variables of these patients, as well as a literature review.

scholarly journals MiR-375 Regulation of LDHB Plays Distinct Roles in Polyomavirus-Positive and -Negative Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Cancers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satendra Kumar ◽  
Hong Xie ◽  
Patrick Scicluna ◽  
Linkiat Lee ◽  
Viveca Björnhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

MicroRNA-375 (miR-375) is deregulated in multiple tumor types and regulates important targets involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis. This miRNA is highly expressed in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) compared to normal skin and other non-MCC skin cancers, and its expression is high in Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV)-positive (MCPyV+) and low in MCPyV-negative (MCPyV−) MCC tumors. In this study, we characterized the function and target of miR-375 in MCPyV+ and MCPyV− MCC cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-375 in MCPyV− MCC cells resulted in decreased cell proliferation and migration, as well as increased cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, in MCPyV+ MCC cells, inhibition of miR-375 expression reduced cell growth and induced apoptosis. Additionally, the expression of lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB), a known target of miR-375, was inversely correlated with miR-375. Silencing of LDHB reduced cell growth in MCPyV− cell lines, while its silencing in MCPyV+ cell lines rescued the cell growth effect mediated by miR-375 inhibition. Together, our results suggest dual roles of miR-375 and LDHB in MCPyV and non-MCPyV-associated MCCs. We propose that LDHB could be a therapeutic target in MCC and different strategies should be applied in virus- and non-virus-associated MCCs.

scholarly journals Comprehensive metagenomic analysis of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1006-1011
Author(s):  
Jason Nomburg ◽  
Susan Bullman ◽  
Sun Sook Chung ◽  
Katsuhiro Togami ◽  
Mark A. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Kaposi's Sarcoma ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell ◽  
Kaposi’S Sarcoma ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Cell Neoplasm

Abstract Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a hematologic malignancy believed to originate from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), the immune cells responsible for producing type 1 interferons during infection. Nearly all patients with BPDCN have prominent skin involvement, with cutaneous infiltration occupying the dermis and subcutis. One half of patients present with BPDCN cells only in the skin, with no evidence of disease elsewhere. Because normal pDCs are rare or absent in cutaneous sites, and they only traffic to the skin after activation by pathogen or inflammation, our aim was to determine if a microorganism is associated with BPDCN. We performed RNA sequencing in BPDCN skin and bone marrow, with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and normal skin as controls. GATK-PathSeq was used to identify known microbial sequences. Bacterial reads in BPDCN skin were components of normal flora and did not distinguish BPDCN from controls. We then developed a new computational tool, virID (Viral Identification and Discovery; https://github.com/jnoms/virID), for identification of microbial-associated reads remaining unassigned after GATK-PathSeq. We found no evidence for a known or novel virus in BPDCN skin or bone marrow, despite confirming that virID could identify Merkel cell polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinoma, human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus in Kaposi’s sarcoma in a blinded fashion. Thus, at the level of sensitivity used here, we found no clear pathogen linked to BPDCN.

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