Dermoscopic Predictors of Benignity and Malignancy in Equivocal Lesions Predominated by Blue Color

Dermatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Lallas ◽  
Montserrat Arceu ◽  
Guisella Martinez ◽  
Sofia-Magdalini Manoli ◽  
Chryssoula Papageorgiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Seborrheic Keratoses ◽  
Asymmetrically Distributed ◽  
Diffuse Distribution

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Blue color in dermoscopy can be seen in a wide range of benign and malignant lesions, melanocytic or not. Some blue-colored dermoscopic criteria have been associated with specific tumors, such as blue-white veil with melanoma and homogeneous blue with blue nevi. However, when blue color occupies a large part of the lesion’s surface, the dermoscopic assessment might be particularly challenging. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To identify dermoscopic predictors associated with benignity and malignancy in tumors characterized by a predominant dermoscopic presence of blue color. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively screened our institutional database for tumors exhibiting blue color in at least 50% of their surface with available histopathologic diagnosis. Lesions with blue color covering less than 50% of their extent and lesions not histopathologically assessed were excluded. The dermoscopic images were evaluated for the presence of predefined criteria, including the characteristics of the blue color, coexisting colors, and the vascular structures. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 91 included tumors, 53 were benign (35 blue nevi, 10 angiomas, and 8 seborrheic keratoses) and 38 malignant (12 melanomas and 26 basal cell carcinomas). Our analysis revealed 3 potent dermoscopic predictors of benignity: extension of blue color in more than 75% of the surface, diffuse distribution of blue color, and absence of vessels, posing a 2.3-fold, 5.6-fold, and 6.7-fold increased probability of benignity, respectively. In contrast, asymmetric distribution of blue color, blue clods, coexistence of gray color and linear vessels were significantly predictive of malignancy, posing a 8.9-fold, 2.8-fold, 13.5-fold, and 10.4-fold increased probability, respectively. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In predominantly blue tumors, the probability of malignancy is high when blue color is seen in clods or is asymmetrically distributed and when gray color or linear vessels coexist. In contrast, a diffuse distribution of blue color, its expansion in more than 75% of the surface, and the absence of vessels are highly suggestive of a benign tumor.

Determination of Bendiocarb Insecticide by Reverse Flow Injection Analysis Using a Solid-Phase Reactor Containing Micro PbO2, Nano PbO2 and Grafted SiO2 - PbO2 Immobilized

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Malik H Alaloosh Alamri Malik H Alaloosh Alamri ◽  
Sadeem Subhi Abed and Abdulkareem M A Alsammarraie Sadeem Subhi Abed and Abdulkareem M A Alsammarraie
Keyword(s):  
Flow Injection ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Solid Phase Reactor ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Reverse Flow Injection

Bendiocarb (BEN) is an acutely toxic carbamate insecticide which used in public places and agriculture, it is also effective against a wide range of nuisance and disease vector insects. A new rapid and sensitive reverse flow injection spectrophotometric procedure coupled with on-line solid-phase reactor is designed in this article for the determination of BEN in its insecticidal formulations and water samples, by using three different solid-phase reactors containing bulk PbO2 (B-SPR), PbO2 nanoparticles (N-SPR) and grafted nanoparticles of SiO2-PbO2 (G-SPR) immobilized on cellulose acetate matrix (CA). This method of oxidative coupling is based on alkaline hydrolysis of the BEN pesticide, and then coupled with N,N dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine sulphate (DMPD) to give a blue color product which measured at λmax 675 nm. It worth to mentioned that under optimal conditions, Beer’s law is obeyed in the range of 1-175 μg mL-1 for B-SPR and 0.25-70 μg mL-1 of BEN for both N-SPR and G-SPR respectively within limit of detection (LOD) of 0.931, 0.234 and 0.210 μg mL-1 for B-SPR N-SPR and G-SPR respectively. The surface methodology of the solid phase was also investigated by using atomic force microscopy.

scholarly journals Towards Blue AIE/AIEE: Synthesis and Applications in OLEDs of Tetra-/Triphenylethenyl Substituted 9,9-Dimethylacridine Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Cekaviciute ◽  
Aina Petrauskaite ◽  
Sohrab Nasiri ◽  
Jurate Simokaitiene ◽  
Dmytro Volyniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Yellow Emission ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Television System ◽  
Fluorescence Quantum Yields ◽  
Deep Blue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cyano Groups ◽  
High Yields

Aiming to design blue fluorescent emitters with high photoluminescence quantum yields in solid-state, nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic 9,9-dimethylacridine was refined by tetraphenylethene and triphenylethene. Six tetra-/triphenylethene-substituted 9,9-dimethylacridines were synthesized by the Buchwald-Hartwig method with relatively high yields. Showing effects of substitution patterns, all emitters demonstrated high fluorescence quantum yields of 26–53% in non-doped films and 52–88% in doped films due to the aggregation induced/enhanced emission (AIE/AIEE) phenomena. In solid-state, the emitters emitted blue (451–481 nm) without doping and deep-blue (438–445 nm) with doping while greenish-yellow emission was detected for two compounds with additionally attached cyano-groups. The ionization potentials of the derivatives were found to be in the relatively wide range of 5.43–5.81 eV since cyano-groups were used in their design. Possible applications of the emitters were demonstrated in non-doped and doped organic light-emitting diodes with up to 2.3 % external quantum efficiencies for simple fluorescent devices. In the best case, deep-blue electroluminescence with chromaticity coordinates of (0.16, 0.10) was close to blue color standard (0.14, 0.08) of the National Television System Committee.

scholarly journals Managing Benign and Malignant Oral Lesions with Carbon Dioxide Laser: Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes for Outpatient Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. e69-e75
Author(s):  
Alberto Maria Saibene ◽  
Cecilia Rosso ◽  
Paolo Castellarin ◽  
Federica Vultaggio ◽  
Carlotta Pipolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Laser ◽  
Outpatient Surgery ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Purpose Because of its affinity for water-based tissues, carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has become an instrument of choice for treating oral mucosa conditions, ranging from inflammatory to malignant lesions. The aim of this work is to systematically evaluate the outcomes of laser surgery over a wide range of lesions, while providing a solid and reproducible protocol for CO2 laser surgery in the outpatient management of oral lesion. Methods Seventy-eight patients underwent 92 laser outpatient procedures for treatment of a wide range of benign and malignant lesions. We performed 60 removals, 11 exeretic biopsies, 15 vaporizations, and 3 vaporization/removal combined. We analyzed laser parameters applied for each technique and provided a systematic evaluation of surgical results. Results No problems occurred intraoperatively in any of the patients. Five patients complained marginal pain, while 3 patients had postsurgery bleeding. All treatments were successful, with the notable exception of 3 relapsing verrucous proliferative leukoplakias and an infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue requiring radicalization. We did not record any adverse reactions to drugs or lesions due to laser action. Concordance between clinical diagnosis and pathology results was at 94.8%. Conclusions Our data indicate that CO2 laser is a solid choice for outpatient treatment of oral lesions. This technique grants painless and almost bloodless treatment, with negligible recurrence rates. Providing a solid reference for laser settings and operative techniques could provide a foundation for further exploring this tool while offering the basis for a positive comparison between different surgical techniques and options.

DETERMINATION OF CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE IN DISINFECTANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Andreev ◽  
Evgeny S. Belyaev ◽  
Anna O. Ivanova ◽  
Elvina A. Novikova ◽  
Anatoly A. Ishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Diode Array Detector ◽  
Charged Aerosol ◽  
Charged Aerosol Detector ◽  
Wide Range

Chlorhexidine digluconate has been widely used in lenticular compositions, skin antiseptics and other ready-to-use disinfectants. This is due to its low toxicity, as well as a wide range of antimicrobial effects. A commonly used method for the analysis of commercially available chlorhexidine digluconate (usually available as a 20% aqueous solution) is high-performance liquid chromatography. In this article, the main methods of analysis used to determine chlorhexidine digluconate in disinfectants and skin antiseptics are considered. A new simple technique for the determination of chlorhexidine digluconate in technical products and disinfectants based on acid-base titration in alcohol-ketone is developed. It is shown that in this medium hydrochloric acid interacts with two nitrogen atoms of the chlorhexidine digluconate molecule. The end point of the titration is established by the transition of the blue color to green in the presence of bromophenol blue. The range of measured concentrations is from 0.1 to 2.0 mass%. The relative error of the method is 2.5% with the confidence probability P = 0.95. A comparison of the diode array detector and the charged aerosol detector for the determination of chlorhexidine digluconate has been performed. It is shown that a charged aerosol detector can be used to analyze chlorhexidine digluconate in cases where it is difficult to analyze with an ultraviolet or diode array detector. However, the sensitivity of the detector of charged aerosols is significantly lower than that of the diode matrix, and the linearity range is smaller. All methods were tested on model samples, as well as on samples of disinfectants, skin antiseptics, soaps and wipes with antibacterial effect.

scholarly journals Allelic imbalance studies of chromosome 9 suggest major differences in chromosomal instability among nonmelanoma skin carcinomas

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pereira Gomes ◽  
Aparecida Machado Moraes ◽  
Hamilton Ometto Stoff ◽  
Laura Sterian Ward
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
Loss Of Heterozygosity ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Allelic Imbalance ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Malignant Skin

CONTEXT: Loss of heterozygosity in the 9p21-p22 region, has been frequently described in a wide range of human malignancies, including familial melanomas. Also, losses and gains in other regions of chromosome 9 have frequently been observed and may indicate additional mechanisms for basal cell tumorigenesis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate allelic imbalance in the 9p21-p22 region, among basal cell carcinomas. TYPE OF STUDY: Microsatellite analysis. SETTING: Two dermatology services of public universities in São Paulo and the Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Genetics of Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). PARTICIPANTS: 13 patients with benign skin lesions consecutively referred to the outpatient dermatology clinics of Unicamp and Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp) and 58 with malignant skin tumours. MEAN MEASUREMENTS: We examined 13 benign cases including four of solar keratosis, three keratoachanthomas, three melanocytic nevi, two of Bowen's disease and one of neurofibroma, and 58 malignant skin tumors: 14 of squamous cell, 40 basal cell carcinomas and four melanomas. Participating patients had the main tumor and a normal portion of non-adjacent skin surgically removed. DNA was extracted from the tumor and matching normal tissue. We used four sets of primers to amplify polymorphic microsatellite repeats on chromosome 9, two of them targeting the 9p21-p22 region. RESULTS: We identified eight cases (20%) of allelic imbalance among basal cell carcinomas, two cases of loss of heterozygosity and six cases of microsatellite instability in the 9p21-p22 region. Additional markers were also involved in three of these tumors. No events were detected among the benign or the other malignant cases. CONCLUSION: This phenotype dependency suggests that there is a major distinction between the two most important forms of nonmelanoma skin cancers in their tendency to present microsatellite instability in chromosome 9. Since the CDKN2a/p16INK4a, p19ARF and p15INK4b tumor suppressor genes do not appear to be responsible for the observed abnormalities, other genes at 9p21-p22 may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression pathway of basal cell carcinomas.

scholarly journals Histopathological spectrum of vulvar lesions on a remote Indian Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Chitrawati Bal Gargade ◽  
Archana Hemant Deshpande ◽  
Seetu Palo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Benign Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Duct Cyst ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Malignant Lesions

A wide spectrum of normal, benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions may occur on the vulva. Symptoms of vulvar disorders may be non-specific. Empiric treatment of vulvovaginal symptoms is common but usually not helpful. Though the varied clinical presentation and diverse histopathological spectrum of vulvar lesions have amazed Pathologists, only a few studies have been reported in the literature. The present study consists of a histopathological spectrum of vulvar lesions. 1.To evaluate the histopathological spectrum of vulvar lesions. 2. To compare the incidences of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the vulva. Present study includes all types of vulvar lesion specimens received in the Department of pathology over a period of four years.    All thirty-nine vulvar biopsies received in the Department of Pathology were studied for histomorphologic features. The lesions were categorized as non-neoplastic, neoplastic. The neoplastic ones were further divided into benign, malignant, and premalignant. The age of the women ranged from 15 to 69 years (mean 36.18±12.71) with the maximum number of patients between 30 to 40 years of age. Non neoplastic lesions were more common (22; 56.4%) than the (17; 43.6%) neoplastic lesions. There were 15(38.5%) benign lesions while 2 cases (5.13%) were malignant. Among the non-neoplastic lesions, Bartholin's duct cyst was the most common histopathologic diagnosis (35.9%). The fibroepithelial polyp was the most common benign neoplastic lesion constituting 15.3%.  In the present study nonneoplastic lesions were more common than neoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic lesions, benign neoplasms were more frequent than malignant lesions.

scholarly journals Current Molecular Markers of Melanoma and Treatment Targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Yang ◽  
Allen S.W. Oak ◽  
Radomir M. Slominski ◽  
Anna A. Brożyna ◽  
Andrzej T. Slominski
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Histopathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Melanoma is a deadly skin cancer that becomes especially difficult to treat after it metastasizes. Timely identification of melanoma is critical for effective therapy, but histopathologic diagnosis can frequently pose a significant challenge to this goal. Therefore, auxiliary diagnostic tools are imperative to facilitating prompt recognition of malignant lesions. Melanoma develops as result of a number of genetic mutations, with UV radiation often acting as a mutagenic risk factor. Novel methods of genetic testing have improved detection of these molecular alterations, which subsequently revealed important information for diagnosis and prognosis. Rapid detection of genetic alterations is also significant for choosing appropriate treatment and developing targeted therapies for melanoma. This review will delve into the understanding of various mutations and the implications they may pose for clinical decision making.

Bargaining with Asymmetric Dispute Costs

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Pecorino ◽  
Mark Van Boening
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Total Surplus ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Asymmetrically Distributed ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractWe conduct a bargaining experiment in a stylized litigation setting. In the baseline, dispute costs are divided equally between the two parties. There are two treatments with an asymmetric distribution of dispute costs. The design allows us to gain insight into how a fair offer evolves with the distribution of dispute costs. The amount of surplus in the average offer depends on the total amount of surplus available and not on the distribution of dispute costs. About 28% of the total surplus is contained in the average offer, regardless of the distribution of dispute costs. Based on the empirical rejection frequencies, we calculate that the optimal offer contains 13% of the total surplus from settlement. We also find evidence that disputes are more likely when dispute costs are asymmetrically distributed. This suggests that the experimental subjects have more difficulty coordinating on a fair offer when dispute costs are not symmetric.

Radiology

2019 ◽  
pp. 811-820
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Nuclear Imaging ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Plain Films ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Detailed Imaging

This chapter discusses the main imaging modalities used to aid diagnosis and treatment in patients. It explains the physics behind the plain X-ray and the six main densities seen on plain films. Indications for plain films, for example, chest and abdominal films, trauma, and orthopaedics, are discussed, including limitations such as 2D representation of 3D structures and radiation dose. Through the use of sound waves and echoes, ultrasound can be used for a wide variety of imaging, including abdominal and pelvic organs, vascular structures, and even the neonatal brain via the baby’s open fontanelle. The chapter also covers the detailed imaging and 3D modelling obtained from computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging scans, including their drawbacks (high radiation dose from CT scans, contrast can induce nephropathy in renal impairment, while MRI scans are time-consuming and cannot be used in patients with ferromagnetic implants). Indications for fluoroscopy (dynamic studies, e.g. barium contrast to delineate gastrointestinal tract pathology) and nuclear imaging are also covered. A wide range of vascular and non-vascular interventional radiology techniques are also outlined.

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