scholarly journals Vaccination Setting of Patients with Autoimmune Diseases in Times of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Type 2 Pandemic Using the Example of Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Longitudinal Multicenter Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Felicita Heidler ◽  
Julia Baldt ◽  
Niklas Frahm ◽  
Silvan Elias Langhorst ◽  
Pegah Mashhadiakbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Vaccination Recommendations ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection represents a serious health risk, especially in chronically ill people. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic immune-mediated neurological disease. Vaccinations play an important role in the therapeutic MS management. This study aimed at determining MS patients’ attitudes toward vaccinations and governmental measures before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, including associations with sociodemographic and clinical variables. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a longitudinal, multicenter study, 200 MS patients were investigated regarding their vaccination attitudes before and after the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Data on vaccination status and burden (physical, psychological, and social) experienced as caused by the pandemic and related governmental safety measures were registered. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients with progressive MS felt significantly more pandemic-burdened than patients with relapsing-onset MS (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Older patients were more frequently willing to get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 than younger patients (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). After the first pandemic wave, patients with pre-pandemic willingness to comply with vaccination recommendations were more likely to accept recommended standard vaccinations (60% vs. 36%) and a possible SARS-CoV-2 vaccination than pre-pandemic nonwilling patients (66.7% vs. 42.0%). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The vaccination topic was not immediately present in many patients before the pandemic. MS patients need comprehensive and understandable education meeting their concerns using evidence-based and convincing arguments on the subject of vaccination, particularly younger patients. Older patients are already more often willing to become vaccinated. Complete vaccination status is necessary to avoid multiple infections.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Considerations for Immune-Depleting Therapies

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Johann Sellner ◽  
Paulus S. Rommer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Immunological Effects ◽  
Restricted Use

Several concerns have been raised about the use of immunodepleting agents including alemtuzumab, cladribine and CD20-depleting antibodies in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) during the coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic. As the end of the pandemic is not yet in sight, vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be an elegant strategy to overcome the potential hazards associated with initiating and continuing treatment with immune-depleting agents. In this review, we summarize the immunological effects of immune-depleting therapy and underlying considerations for the hitherto existing recommendations that suggest a restricted use of immune-deleting therapies during the pandemic. Moreover, we critically discuss open questions regarding vaccination in general and against SARS-CoV-2 in pwMS.

Natalizumab Reduces Clinical and MRI Activity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients with High Disease Activity: Results from a Multicenter Study in Switzerland

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Putzki ◽  
Özgür Yaldizli ◽  
Robert Bühler ◽  
Guido Schwegler ◽  
Daniela Curtius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
High Disease Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

scholarly journals Kappa Free Light Chains and IgG Combined in a Novel Algorithm for the Detection of Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Monika Gudowska-Sawczuk ◽  
Joanna Tarasiuk ◽  
Alina Kułakowska ◽  
Jan Kochanowicz ◽  
Barbara Mroczko
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Light Chains ◽  
Pattern Type ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Type 3

Background: It is well known that the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of free light chains (FLC) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) are elevated in multiple sclerosis patients (MS). Therefore, in this study we aimed to develop a model based on the concentrations of free light chains and IgG to predict multiple sclerosis. We tried to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of the novel κIgG index and λIgG index, here presented for the first time, and compare them with the κFLC index and the λFLC index in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods: CSF and serum samples were obtained from 76 subjects who underwent lumbar puncture for diagnostic purposes and, as a result, were divided into two groups: patients with multiple sclerosis (n = 34) and patients with other neurological disorders (control group; n = 42). The samples were analyzed using turbidimetry and isoelectric focusing. The κIgG index, λIgG index, κFLC index, and λFLC index were calculated using specific formulas. Results: The concentrations of CSF κFLC, CSF λFLC, and serum κFLC and the values of κFLC index, λFLC index, and κIgG index were significantly higher in patients with multiple sclerosis compared to controls. CSF κFLC concentration and the values of κFLC index, λFLC index, and κIgG index differed in patients depending on their pattern type of oligoclonal bands. κFLC concentration was significantly higher in patients with pattern type 2 and type 3 in comparison to those with pattern type 1 and type 4. The κFLC index, λFLC index, and κIgG index were significantly higher in patients with pattern type 2 in comparison to those with pattern type 4. The κFLC index and κIgG index were significantly higher in patients with pattern type 2 in comparison to those with pattern type 1, and in patients with pattern type 3 compared to those with pattern type 4. The κIgG index was markedly elevated in patients with pattern type 3 compared to those with pattern type 1. In the total study group, κFLC, λFLC, κFLC index, λFLC index, κIgG index, and λIgG index correlated with each other. The κIgG index showed the highest diagnostic power (area under the curve, AUC) in the detection of multiple sclerosis. The κFLC index and κIgG index showed the highest diagnostic sensitivity, and the κIgG index presented the highest ability to exclude multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: This study provides novel information about the diagnostic significance of four markers combined in the κIgG index. More investigations in larger study groups are needed to confirm that the κIgG index can reflect the intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins and may improve the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

Younger Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Have Poorer Self-Care Practices Compared with Older Patients—Results from the Australian National Diabetes Audit

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 707-P
Author(s):  
NATALIE NANAYAKKARA ◽  
ANTHONY J. PEASE ◽  
SANJEEVA RANASINHA ◽  
NATALIE WISCHER ◽  
BARBORA DE COURTEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Care Practices

Young adult African American patients with type 2 diabetes: A high risk patient sub-group with few supports for good diabetes management

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Marie Hessler ◽  
Lawrence Fisher ◽  
Diana Naranjo ◽  
Umesh Masharani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African American ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Unresolved Conflict

This study examined age differences in support, BMI, and HbA1c among African American patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants were 158 African American adults with type 2 diabetes. Average HbA1c was 1% higher among patients aged 20–49 than patients 60–77, and double the number of younger patients had a BMI ≥35 than older patients. Younger patients reported less trust in their physician and greater disagreement with recommendations. They reported relying less on partners, greater unresolved conflict with partners around diabetes, and less church involvement. The association between age and HbA1c was partially mediated by patients’ trust of their physician.

scholarly journals Disease-modifying therapies and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in multiple sclerosis: an expert consensus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Centonze ◽  
Maria A. Rocca ◽  
Claudio Gasperini ◽  
Ludwig Kappos ◽  
Hans-Peter Hartung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Disease Modifying

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) appeared in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has quickly become a global pandemic. The disease is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type-2 (SARS-CoV-2), an RNA beta coronavirus phylogenetically similar to SARS coronavirus. To date, more than 132 million cases of COVID19 have been recorded in the world, of which over 2.8 million were fatal (https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html). A huge vaccination campaign has started around the world since the end of 2020. The availability of vaccines has raised some concerns among neurologists regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) taking immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive therapies.

scholarly journals Influenza vaccination status in multiple sclerosis patients from Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan I. Rojas ◽  
Paula Henestroza ◽  
Susana Giachello ◽  
Liliana Patrucco ◽  
Edgardo Cristiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

scholarly journals Effectiveness, Healthcare Resource Utilization and Adherence to Subcutaneous Interferon Beta-1a According to Age in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cohort Study Using a US Claims Database

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Allignol ◽  
Emmanuelle Boutmy ◽  
Meritxell Sabidó Espin ◽  
Kurt Marhardt ◽  
Patrick Vermersch
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Real World ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Interferon Beta ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Claims Database ◽  
Relapse Rates

Background: It is thought that older patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may present with a different clinical disease phenotype, and therefore respond to subcutaneous interferon beta-1a (sc IFN β-1a) differently to younger patients. However, few real-world data are available concerning the effectiveness of sc IFN β-1a according to age. Using data from US claims databases, this cohort analysis aimed to determine the differences in relapse rates, healthcare utilization, treatment adherence, and discontinuation according to pre-defined age groups.Methods: Patient data were pooled from the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Claims Database and Medicare Supplemental Database. Patients with a confirmed MS diagnosis who initiated treatment with sc IFN β-1a between July 01, 2010 and December 31, 2015, along with at least 6 months continuous enrolment in a healthcare plan, were followed from first prescription (index date) until date of discontinuation, treatment switch, or end of observation period (1 year after index date).Results: Of the 5,340 patients included in the analysis, there was a high proportion of patients free from relapse across all age groups (range: 94.1–95.4%), with a numerical decrease in the number of MRI performed by age (mean: 0.25, 18–30 years; 0.20, 31–40 years; 0.16, 41–50 years; 0.14, ≥51 years). Adherence (≥80%) was seen to increase with age (77.6%, 18–30 years; 79.6%, 31–40 years; 81.3%, 41–50 years; 84.0%, ≥51 years), at the same time as a non-significant decrease in discontinuation (incidence rate: 79.91, 73.01, 71.75, 68.71%).Conclusion: The effectiveness of sc IFN β-1a does not appear reduced as a consequence of age in this real-world setting. Older patients had lower discontinuation rates and reduced disease activity, reflected in lower relapse rates and fewer MRI scans compared with younger patients.

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