scholarly journals Tattoo-Associated Cutaneous Mycobacterium mageritense Infection: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 513-520
Author(s):  
Yolanka Lobo ◽  
Karyn Lun
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Mycobacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Oral Ciprofloxacin ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Organism Identification ◽  
Tattoo Inks

There have been increasing reports of tattoo-associated mycobacterial infections in recent years, with a number of outbreaks documented worldwide. This has therefore become a public health concern. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are capable of producing skin and soft tissue infections typically via inoculation during surgery, trauma, and cosmetic procedures. We present a case of tattoo-associated cutaneous infection caused by <i>Mycobacterium mageritense</i>, a rare species of rapidly growing NTM. A 25-year-old man developed a rash on his left lower leg 4 weeks after he underwent professional tattooing. A skin swab identified <i>M</i>. <i>mageritense</i> complex. Based on susceptibility testing, a course of oral ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was initiated, with significant improvement observed after 5 weeks. We speculate that the mechanism of inoculation was a result of either the artist using nonsterile water to dilute black ink to gray or from use of contaminated prediluted gray ink. The Therapeutic Goods Administration does not have regulatory authority over the sterility of tattoo inks or practices in Australia. Instead, tattoo practices are regulated by local government jurisdictions. Because of the variability seen in clinical presentation and challenges associated with organism identification, a high index of suspicion is required to diagnose mycobacterial infections. Infection caused by NTM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tattoo-associated dermatological complications, particularly in patients who have chronic lesions, negative bacterial cultures, and fail to respond to standard antibiotic therapy. Mandatory regulations for safe tattoo practices should be considered to prevent outbreaks and ensure public safety.

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

scholarly journals Abdominal Tuberculosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Md Ismail ◽  
Golam Azam
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Frequent Site ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Abdominal tuberculosis constitute up to 12% of extrapulmonary TB and is sixth frequent site of extrapulmonary involvement. The most common sites of involvement is the ileocaecalregion. Other site of involvement in descending order are ascending colon jejunum, appendix, duodenum, stomach, esophagus, sigmoid colon and rectum. Abdominal TB has diagnostic dilemma due to its diverse and non-specific clinical presentation and has no single most specific, sensitive diagnostic test. A high index of suspicion, common and rare clinical feature, adequate imaging study, endoscopy, enteroscopy, laparoscopy, laparotomy, biopsy with histopathology, Mycobacterial isolation, Quantiferon-TB Gold, GeneXpert Assay, MULTIPLEX PCR and clinical response to anti TB therapy are considered for early diagnosis to reduce morbidity and mortality. Six month antiTB regime is effective as nine or 12month therapy. MDR TB and frequent interruption of therapy should considered in nonresponder to standard therapy. Surgery is required for minority cases that developed complications not responding to medical therpy.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(1): 39-45

Recently Recognized Cases of Ophthalmofilariasis in Hungary

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Fodor ◽  
Éva Fok ◽  
Erika Maka ◽  
Olga Lukáts ◽  
Jeanette Tóth*
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
High Index ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
The Other ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
The Past ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Slit Lamp Biomicroscopy

Purpose To report four cases of zoonotic ophthalmodirofilariasis infection caused by Dirofilaria repens in Hungary. Methods Four cases of ophthalmofilariasis have been treated at our department during the last 14 months. A subconjunctival moving worm was observed by slit lamp biomicroscopy in two cases. In one of these a living filaria was surgically removed, but the other disappeared. Red eye and migrating edema were the presenting signs in two cases. A biopsy taken from the subcutaneous masses disclosed D repens. Results Histopathologic or parasitologic examination identified a female D repens in every case. Laboratory alterations were not found. Symptoms subsided after treatment. Conclusions The clinical presentation of filariasis is not always straightforward, and a high index of suspicion is necessary in cases presenting with orbital or periorbital inflammation. During the past 10 years the identification of locally acquired infections by D repens has increased in Hungary.

Arthroscopy-Assisted Retrograde Drilling of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Dome

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Nelson ◽  
Darryl M. Haycock
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Osteochondral Lesion ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Talar Dome ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Retrograde Drilling ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Traumatic ankle conditions can lead to long-term sequelae if a pathologic process is misdiagnosed. The clinical presentation of an osteochondral lesion of the talar dome requires the clinician to have a high index of suspicion, and advanced imaging is often necessary to make the final diagnosis. Treatment should be initiated once the lesion is appropriately staged by radiologic or magnetic resonance imaging. We discuss the use of arthroscopy-assisted retrograde drilling of the medial talar dome that spares the articular cartilage within the talotibial articulation. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(1): 91–96, 2005)

scholarly journals Symptomatic Hypokalemia in a 19-Year-Old Student

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Sara Pereira ◽  
André Salgueiro ◽  
Paula Rosa ◽  
Carla Peixoto ◽  
Marta Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Metabolic Alkalosis ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Adrenal Adenoma ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary arterial hypertension and is frequently undiagnosed. It affects all ages but is more frequent between 20 and 60 years old. The clinical presentation is variable, and the diagnosis is based on screening and, in equivocal cases, confirmatory tests. A 19-year-old student presented with complaints of extreme fatigue, arterial hypertension, hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis, raising a high index of suspicion for PA. Screening tests were performed and its expressiveness excluded the need of confirmatory tests. CT-scan showed a unilateral adrenal adenoma and the patient was submitted to laparoscopic adenectomy without complications. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid long term complications of PA.

scholarly journals Peritonitis Associated with Vancomycin-ResistantLactobacillus rhamnosus in a Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patient: Organism Identification, Antibiotic Therapy, and Case Report

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1781-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Klein ◽  
Edith Zill ◽  
Ralf Schindler ◽  
Jacobus Louwers
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Patient ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Patient ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Organism Identification

A case of Lactobacillus rhamnosus-associated peritonitis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is reported. The patient was treated with vancomycin after isolation of glycopeptide-susceptible coagulase-negative staphylococci. After a skin rash developed, vancomycin was discontinued and replaced with teicoplanin. Seven weeks after the glycopeptide therapy was discontinued, a Lactobacillus strain was isolated in pure cultures. The isolate was identified first incorrectly as L. acidophilus but later correctly as L. rhamnosus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that the isolate was resistant to glycopeptides but susceptible to several other antibiotics. The antibiotic treatment was then switched to imipenem and was successful.

scholarly journals What's in a Name? New Bacterial Species and Changes to Taxonomic Status from 2012 through 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Munson ◽  
Karen C. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Organism Identification ◽  
Evolutionary Microbiology

ABSTRACTTechnological advancements in fields such as molecular genetics and the human microbiome have resulted in an unprecedented recognition of new bacterial genus/species designations by theInternational Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Knowledge of designations involving clinically significant bacterial species would benefit clinical microbiologists in the context of emerging pathogens, performance of accurate organism identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. In anticipation of subsequent taxonomic changes being compiled by theJournal of Clinical Microbiologyon a biannual basis, this compendium summarizes novel species and taxonomic revisions specific to bacteria derived from human clinical specimens from the calendar years 2012 through 2015.

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