scholarly journals IoT–smart contracts in data trusted exchange supplied chain based on block chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
S. Ganesh Kumar ◽  
A. Murugan ◽  
B. Muruganantham ◽  
B. Sriman
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Sensor Devices ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
Temperature Records

Internet of Things (IoT) assumes a critical part in the advancement of different fields. The IoT data trusted exchange in recent year extend of uses influence an awesome request and increasing scale. In such a platform, exchange the data sets that they require and specialist organization can search. However, the enough trust as the third-party mediators for data exchange in centralized infrastructure cannot provide. This paper proposes a blockchain for IoT data trusted exchange based on decentralized solution. In particular, the fundamental standards of blockchain in verify manner, individuals can communicate with each other without a confided in mediator intermediary. Blockchain enable us to have a distributed, digital ledger. IoT (Internet of Things) sensor devices (zigbee) utilizing blockchain technology to assert public availability of temperature records, tracking location shipment, humidity, preventing damage, data immutability. The sensor devices looking the temperature, location, damage of each parcel during the shipment to completely guarantee directions. In blockchain all data is got moved from one position to another, where a smart contract assesses against the product attributes. Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts atlast it gets through knowledge a design to be copied and presents its decentralized distributed digital ledger, auditable, transparent, features visually.

Multi-Tier Stack of Block Chain with Proxy Re-Encryption Method Scheme on the Internet of Things Platform

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Bharat S. Rawal ◽  
Poongodi M. ◽  
Gunasekaran Manogaran ◽  
Mounir Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
Encryption Method ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Block chain provides an innovative solution to information storage, transaction execution, security, and trust building in an open environment. The block chain is technological progress for cyber security and cryptography, with efficiency-related cases varying in smart grids, smart contracts, over the IoT, etc. The movement to exchange data on a server has massively increased with the introduction of the Internet of Things. Hence, in this research, Splitting of proxy re-encryption method (Split-PRE) has been suggested based on the IoT to improve security and privacy in a private block chain. This study proposes a block chain-based proxy re-encryption program to resolve both the trust and scalability problems and to simplify the transactions. After encryption, the system saves the Internet of Things data in a distributed cloud. The framework offers dynamic, smart contracts between the sensor and the device user without the intervention of a trustworthy third party to exchange the captured IoT data. It uses an efficient proxy re-encryption system, which provides the owner and the person existing in the smart contract to see the data. The experimental outcomes show that the proposed approach enhances the efficiency, security, privacy, and feasibility of the system when compared to other existing methods.

scholarly journals Digital Market using Blockchain Technology in Cloud Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-863
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Cloud Environment ◽  
Market System ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
Iot Devices

The majority organizations associate blockchain technology with the financial services manufacturing, it has concealed use within the manufacturing, government, healthcare, and education sectors as well. The Block chain is an unlock and dispersed ledger. The Blockchain contract between two or more parties is confirmable and everlasting documentation. The Proposed System is smart market system, in this system Producers can sell the product directly in the market under the municipal counsil supervision or through online using block chain technology in cloud environment. The planned work is to intend a decentralized cloud server. We are powerful authentication where the information regarding all the products is encrypted. Those who have registered in the system come to know the product details about selling and purchasing. A highly developed method in cryptography can be used to address the issue of confidentiality, and some system could even monitor how much contact persons have. The blockchain technology is united with cloud computing to offer the enlarged transparency and efficient market system. The proposed research work can apply merkle tree in the designed algorithm on smart contracts performance optimization and automatic repair. We acquire benefits of the scattered confirmation security of the Blockchain technology for financial transaction verification and influence smart contracts for protected service organization. In this system bitcoin, cryptocurrencies or any other money transfer mechanism is used for transaction. Without a third party dealings may get more profit for both sides. Different types of on-site circumstances are collected and checked by installing sensors that are IoT devices in different services, and on-site calculating devices are restricted slightly if required.

scholarly journals Third Party Certification of Agri-Food Supply Chain Using Smart Contracts and Blockchain Tokens

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5307
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges dos Santos ◽  
Nunzio Marco Torrisi ◽  
Rodrigo Palucci Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Public ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Every consumer’s buying decision at the supermarket influences food brands to make first party claims of sustainability and socially responsible farming methods on their agro-product labels. Fine wines are often subject to counterfeit along the supply chain to the consumer. This paper presents a method for efficient unrestricted publicity to third party certification (TPC) of plant agricultural products, starting at harvest, using smart contracts and blockchain tokens. The method is capable of providing economic incentives to the actors along the supply chain. A proof-of-concept using a modified Ethereum IGR token set of smart contracts using the ERC-1155 standard NFTs was deployed on the Rinkeby test net and evaluated. The main findings include (a) allowing immediate access to TPC by the public for any desired authority by using token smart contracts. (b) Food safety can be enhanced through TPC visible to consumers through mobile application and blockchain technology, thus reducing counterfeiting and green washing. (c) The framework is structured and maintained because participants obtain economical incentives thus leveraging it´s practical usage. In summary, this implementation of TPC broadcasting through tokens can improve transparency and sustainable conscientious consumer behaviour, thus enabling a more trustworthy supply chain transparency.

scholarly journals Managing the Student Results using Block Chain to Facilitate all the Stakeholders of Educational System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5082-5085
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Time Result ◽  
Educational Credentials ◽  
Block Chain ◽  
Result Management ◽  
Do So

This paper expounds the use of Blockchain to record marks of students as it is very tedious to record and verify candidate’s credentials for academia and employer purpose. We find it very difficult to maintain the student marks for any college or university. Any educational institution is duty bound to provide the student results at any point of time. Result of a student can be challenged at any point of time. So, any institute is supposed to store and maintain the results over a period of time. In this paper, an attempt has been made to solve some of the difficulties of students’ result management system. Now education uses Bitcoin technology to record credentials. We have used Block chain technology to record student’s achievements in a cheap, secure and public way. It is also beneficial for employer to spend valuable time checking educational credentials by having to call universities or to pay a third party to do so. In this paper, we have used ethereum as the underlying blockchain due to its large scalability and ease of use. For development, we used Truffle to develop smart contracts and integrated it with the frontend using Web3JS. For deployment, our smart contracts on the blockchain network, we have used Infura and frontend will be deployed on Heroku for user interaction. My block chain is currently on Ropsten Testnet.

scholarly journals The Synthesis of Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-593
Author(s):  
Brian Parker ◽  
Christian Bach
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Resource Limitations ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
High Level

This paper is an exploration of several theories on the synthesis of the Blockchain(BC), the Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence(AI) through a literature review. Blockchain technology is a decentralized peer-to-peer network that stores records and transactions in immutable blocks secured by cryptography. The decentralization aspect of blockchain eliminates the need for trusted third party interceder. Internet of Things(IoT) is an interrelated computer system that makes a connection between computers and humans to communicate in several areas; smart devices like homes, cars, radio are just a few examples. IoT challenges are security, connectivity, issues with the analysis of big data, centralization, and vulnerability to attacks.  Artificial Intelligence(AI) machine learning technology is the advanced decision-making process that influences daily routines such as banking, healthcare, gaming, transportation, and space exploration, among others. AI’s challenges are; security, centralized architecture, and resource limitations. The methodology will be a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the existing research and how these technologies can be a transformative impact on how information is accessed through enterprise and society. The convergence of BC, AI, and IoT will provide scalable, secure high-level intellectual functioning that will be the new paradigm of digital information.

scholarly journals Cypher Cab - A Blockchain enabled Transportation Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3589-3592
Author(s):  
Aditya Raj
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
High Service ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Distributed Ledger

Ridesharing is a transportation strategy that allows drivers to share their trips with other people which results in less travel expenses. It also minimizes traffic congestions and carbon emissions. Currently, most of the existing ride-sharing services rely on a central third party, like Uber, Ola, Didi which charges high service fees. In this paper, we are using blockchain technology to build a smart ride-sharing platform - CypherCab. All the services from registering as a driver, to using this platform for ridesharing will be written directly to the blockchain distributed ledger. Utilizing the decentralized nature of blockchain, the data stored in the blocks will be stored in a distributed ledger, hence removing the dependency on a central third-party server. Moreover, blockchain enables us to remove intermediaries and allows direct transactions between the driver and passengers. In this paper, we have implemented a prototype using smart contracts in the Ethereum network and Ganache test network.

scholarly journals Blockchains and Internet of Things for the Pooling of Warehouse Resources

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
S. Liu ◽  
D. Roy ◽  
S. Hennequin
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Multi Agents

Aims: The purpose of this research paper is the study of the applicability of Blockchain technology and Smart Contracts to manage, control and secure an industrial Internet of Things network (IoT) for pooled warehouses with multiple actors and activities (not only restricted to transport and storage as currently developed in enterprises). Problem: IoT technology enables things to connect and exchange data, resulting in efficiency improvements, economic benefits, reduced human intervention and enabled interactions (information exchange and analysis) between human/machine to machine. However, the main difficulties lie in the definition of a robust global mechanism to secure the IoT, the awareness of resources diversity (heterogeneity of devices), and physical management of IoT. This article will attempt to answer these questionings. Results: To respond to these questions, we propose a hybrid architecture based on blockchains and multi-agents system to secure an industrial IoT corresponding to a pooled warehouse system. The proposed hybrid architecture completely represents our system, with all actors and connected objects in the pooled warehouse strategy. It is composed by two parts: a centralized part based on the multi-agents system to represent dynamic evolutions of actors’ behavior and a decentralized part, which corresponds to our block chain and smart contracts network to dynamically connect actors’ agents to pooled resources. The multi-agent system is coupled with game theory (cooperative game) to have a good systemic representation of our pooled warehouse management problem.

scholarly journals Enforcing Human Subject Regulations using Blockchain and Smart Contracts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Choudhury ◽  
Hillol Sarker ◽  
Nolan Rudolph ◽  
Morgan Foreman ◽  
Nicholas Fay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Institutional Review Boards ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Genomic Study

Recent changes to the Common Rule, which govern Institutional Review Boards (IRB), require implementing new policies to strengthen research protocols involving human subjects. A major challenge in implementing such policies is an inability to automatically and consistently meet these ethical rules while securing sensitive information collected during the study. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, based on blockchain technology, to enforce IRB regulations on data collection. We demonstrate how to design smart contracts and a ledger to meet the requirements of an IRB protocol, including subject recruitment, informed consent management, secondary data sharing, monitoring risks, and generating automated assessments for continuous review. Furthermore, we show how we can employ the immutable transaction log in the blockchain to embed security in research activities by detecting malicious activities and robustly tracking subject involvement. We evaluate our approach by assessing its ability to enforce IRB guidelines in different types of human subjects studies, including a genomic study, a drug trial, and a wearable sensor monitoring study. Keywords: Blockchain, Data Sharing, Data Exchange, EHR, electronic health record, Ethereum, interplanetary filesystem, IPFS

scholarly journals Amalgamation of Blockchain Technology and Internet of Things in Securing Clouds

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Harsh Kumar Jha ◽  
Durgesh Sahu ◽  
Dr. Mohammed Bakhtawar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Security And Protection ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Diary Research ◽  
Research Article

Blockchain Technology has gotten a great deal of consideration from both industry and the scholarly world due to its decentralized, persistency, namelessness and auditability properties. In this review, utilization of Blockchain innovation in wide applications region and its execution challenges have been finished. A thorough quest for diary/research article identified with Blockchain innovation have been checked on. We have considered five data sets to lead this study specifically Science direct, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library and Inderscience are being utilized. After starting stage end 135 examination articles are considered in last data sets for the overview. Principle focal point of the review is to give an extensive examination on wide utilizations of Blockchain innovation for the scholastic exploration local area. In this paper difficulties in carrying out of Blockchain and its related security and protection issues have been talked about. Interestingly a study of this sort have been done where Blockchain with application and its related security and protection issue have been inspected.

Concept of Blockchain Technology and Its Emergence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Padmavathi U. ◽  
Narendran Rajagopalan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Blockchain refers to a distributed ledger technology that helps people to regulate and manage their information without any intermediaries. This technology emerges as a promising panacea for authentication and authorization with potential for use in every possible domain including financial, manufacturing, educational institutions, etc. Blockchain has its birth through the concept of Bitcoin, a digital cryptocurrency by Satoshi Nakamoto, called as Blockchain 1.0. Blockchain 2.0 came into existence in 2014 with Ethereum and smart contracts. The challenges such as scalability, interoperability, sustainability, and governance led to the next generation of Blockchain also called as IOTA, a blockchainless cryptocurrency for the internet of things runs on the top of their own ledger called Tangle, which is immune towards quantum computers. This disruptive technology evolved to provide cross chain support and more security through Blockchain 4.0. Finally, the chapter concludes by discussing the various applications of this technology and its advantages and security issues.

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