scholarly journals A fuzzy-based prediction approach for blood delivery using machine learning and genetic algorithm

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Marouane El Midaoui ◽  
Mohammed Qbadou ◽  
Khalifa Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Routing And Scheduling ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Multiple Blood ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Prediction Approach

Multiple diseases require a blood transfusion on daily basis. The process of a blood transfusion is successful when the type and amount of blood is available and when the blood is transported at the right time from the blood bank to the operating room. Blood distribution has a large portion of the cost in hospital logistics. The blood bank can serve various hospitals; however, amount of blood is limited due to donor shortage. The transportation must handle several requirements such as timely delivery, vibration avoidance, temperature maintenance, to keep the blood usable. In this paper, we discuss in first section the issues with blood delivery and constraint. The second section present routing and scheduling system based on artificial intelligence to deliver blood from the blood-banks to hospitals based on single blood bank and multiple blood banks with respect of the vehicle capacity used to deliver the blood and creating the shortest path. The third section consist on solution for predicting the blood needs for each hospital based on transfusion history using machine learning and fuzzy logic. The last section we compare the results of well-known solution with our solution in several cases such as shortage and sudden changes.

scholarly journals Design of Data Mining Techniques for Online Blood Bank Management by CNN Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
I. Jeena Jacob ◽  
P. Ebby Darney
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Model Classification ◽  
Bank Management ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Blood Banks

A blood bank is the organisation responsible for storing blood to transfuse it to the patients in need. The primary goal of a blood bank is to be reliable and ensure that patients get the relevant non-toxic blood to avoid transfusion-related complications since blood is a critical medicinal resource. It is difficult for the blood banks to offer high levels of precision, dependability, and automation in the blood storage and transfusion process if blood bank administration includes many human processes. This research framework is proposing to maintain blood bank records using CNN model classification method. In the pre-processing of CNN method, the datasets are tokenized and set the donor’s eligibility. It will make it easier for regular blood donors to donate regularly to charitable people and organizations. A few machine learning techniques offer the automated website updation. Jupyter note book has been used to analyze the dataset of blood donors using decision trees, neural networks, and von Bays techniques. The proposed method operates online through a website. Moreover, the donor's eligibility status with gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, and frequency of blood donations is also maintained. Finally, the comparison of different machine learning algorithms with the suggested framework is tabulated.

scholarly journals Blood transfusion-transmissible malaria and its cost analysis in Hawassa regional blood bank, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212093693
Author(s):  
Seblewongel Tsehay ◽  
Fatuma Hassen ◽  
Agete Tadewos Hirigo ◽  
Zinegnaw Abiy ◽  
Kassu Desta
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Screening Cost ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
The Cost

Background: Blood transfusion is an intervention used to save life particularly for those patients who survive only with receiving blood. Establishing effective diagnostic test menus concerning the screening of transfusion-transmissible infections in the blood banks play a vital role to safeguard recipients from transfusion-transmissible infections. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess blood transfusion-transmissible malaria and its screening cost analysis in Hawassa regional blood bank, Hawassa, Sothern Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2018 among 414 voluntary blood donors. Each participant’s blood sample was screened for most transfusion-transmissible infections using antigen/antibody tests, while rapid diagnostic test and microscopy were used for malaria screening and confirmation. In addition, the cost screening of transfusion-transmissible infections was calculated using activity-based costing method. Results: The overall seropositivity of transfusion-transmissible infections was 7.0% and the positivity rate of hepatitis B virus, syphilis, and Plasmodium falciparum was 5.6%, 1.0%, and 0.5%, respectively. The cost per test of each transfusion-transmissible infection was US$5.04 for human immunodeficiency virus, US$4.61 for hepatitis B virus, US$5.11 for hepatitis C virus, and US$4.75 for syphilis, while the cost per test of malaria rapid diagnostic test was US$4.74 and this is comparatively lower than the cost per test of other transfusion-transmissible infections except for hepatitis B virus. In addition, total cost of laboratory incurred for transfusion-transmissible infections screening is estimated to be US$213,634.5 per year, while it becomes US$265,537.5 if the malaria screening cost is added. This means 19.54% of the total cost of laboratory incurred per year or US$51,903. Conclusion: The positivity rate of malaria parasites among voluntary blood donors was 0.5%, and it might be increased if the study was conducted in high transmission seasons. A cost of malaria screening is comparatively lower than costs of other transfusion-transmissible infections except for hepatitis B virus. Therefore, the screening of malaria parasites should be considered as one of the test menus of transfusion-transmissible infections in blood banks, especially in malaria-endemic areas.

Examining the Role of Caregiver towards Blood Transfusion Decisions Among Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 4760-4760
Author(s):  
Ahmad B Naim ◽  
Danielle Walls ◽  
Jan Gollins ◽  
Chuck Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Caregiver Support ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
The Right

Abstract Abstract 4760 Objective: Examine the roles of a caregiver in supporting treatment decisions towards blood transfusions among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) currently not on dialysis. Methods: An online survey was conducted from a nationally representative patient panel in 1Q2011. All respondents consented to participate through informed consent. IRB review was sought through Western Institutional Review Board (WIRB). Respondents were aged ≥18 years, living in the United States, and diagnosed with CKD by a physician. Eligible participants have stage 3 or 4 CKD and not currently undergoing dialysis treatment and have health insurance. Participants were asked about blood transfusion history, presence of anemia, types of caregivers, and roles of the caregiver in assisting with management of their CKD and making health and treatment decisions towards blood transfusion. Informed patient consent was provided Results: A total of 416 individuals responded to the survey. 59% (n=246) were female; 40% (n=165) were >65 years. 35% (n=144) had stage 4 and 58% (n=240) stage 3 CKD. 53% were insured by Medicare, 49% were insured under a commercial PPO plan, and 3% had various other types of commercial insurance coverage. 54% (n=226) were anemic. 43% (n=179) had received blood transfusion, whereas, 57% (n=237) had no transfusions. Among all respondents (n=416), over half (53%, n=220) reported that no one helps them with their daily activities, over one-third (36%, n=150) said that their spouse helps them, followed by child (9%, n=37), friend (7%, n=29), another relative (5%, n=21), parent (3%, n=12), paid helper (3%, n=12), a visiting doctor or nurse (3%, n=12). Among those who seek caregiver help (n=195), two-thirds (64%) reported being cared for by their spouse, 42% said they seek help from a friend, and 21% get care from their child on a daily basis. When asked about how often someone helps with making health and medical care decision, 86% reported that their spouse helps them, followed by friend (51%), and child (46%) always or sometimes. Almost two-thirds (63%) indicated that they have the right amount of caregiver support in making the treatment choice for a blood transfusion and 61% reported that they made an informed decision, whereas, 40% said that they feel pressured by others to make the decision. Furthermore, a higher percentage (74%) of previously transfused individuals agreed that they have the right amount of caregiver support in making a transfusion choice as compared to the not transfused group (55%). Among previously transfused, only 50% indicated they shared in treatment decision with their doctor, whereas 40% indicated their doctor or someone else had made the decision for them. Among those who indicated someone else made the decision, 82% indicated that they like to make a shared decision. Among not transfused, over 75% would like to share decision to have blood transfusion with their doctor. Conclusions: Caregivers play an important role in helping individuals with their health and medical treatment decision. Spouse, child, and friend are the main types of caregivers providing care on a daily basis. Furthermore, caregivers play a major role in providing health and treatment decision support. Visiting doctors and nurses are also sought as caregivers to a lesser extent. A significant number feel that they feel pressured into making treatment decisions towards blood transfusion. Disclosures: Naim: Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Employment. Walls:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy. Gollins:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy. Reynolds:Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC: Consultancy.

The True Cost of Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Surgical Patients

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 3045-3045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryeh Shander ◽  
Axel Hofmann ◽  
Sherri Ozawa ◽  
Mazyar Javidroozi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Process Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Surgical Setting ◽  
Rbc Transfusion

Abstract Complex technical, administrative, and clinical steps involving multiple staff members and various materials and other resources must be successfully completed for a blood transfusion to be given and properly managed. These factors are responsible for the direct and indirect costs of transfusion, which are often overlooked and vastly underestimated. In this study, the total cost of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion process in the surgical setting was calculated through activity-based costing (ABC) in a US hospital as a part of the Cost-of-Blood Consensus Conference (COBCON) project, sponsored by the Society for the Advancement of Blood Management (SABM; Shander et al, Transfus Med Rev.2005;19:66–78). Initially, main transfusion-related processes were identified by observing the “passage” of blood units (from ordering at local blood services to discarding empty bags and expired units) and recipients (for all major pre-, intra- and post-transfusion-related routines performed) through the system. Then, each main process was broken down into serial and parallel activity steps and the frequency (usage factor) and all required resources for each activity were determined. Local cost rates for all resources were retrieved. Specifically developed ABC software modules developed by Medizinische Gesellschaft für Blutmanagement, Laxenburg, Austria in collaboration with IDS-Scheer AG, Germany, based on ARIS Business Architect 7.02 (IDS-Scheer AG, Germany) were used to calculate the cost of each main transfusion process based on these data. Individual processes were condensed, multiplied by usage factor and flow-charted into the total transfusion process, generating the database for hospital‘s total process cost of transfusion. Direct and indirect overhead costs were also calculated and added. All data were validated by appropriate hospital personnel. In 2005, 2413 surgical patients were prepared for potential transfusion, of whom, 461 patients received a total of 1368 blood units (2.97 blood units per surgical patient; 1121 units transfused in ward, 132 in intensive care unit, 69 in operating room/post-anesthesia care unit and 46 in emergency room). RBC units were ordered and transported in bulk from blood services 156 times. Transfusion-related processes with highest usage factor for performing these 461 transfusions are listed in the table. A total of 21 mild or moderate and no severe transfusion reactions were reported. There was no transfusion-related litigation or patient reimbursement due to transfusion errors or complications in the studied period. Based on these data, the total cost of RBC transfusion per patient transfused in the surgical setting of this hospital was US$ 3433. The total cost of a unit of RBC was US$ 1,158 (2007 value), of which, indirect overhead, total transfusion process cost, weighted average acquisition cost and direct overhead cost per unit accounted for 40.6%, 34.0%, 21.5% and 3.9%, respectively. This study shows that the true cost of blood transfusion is much higher than the nominal value currently assigned to each unit of blood. Table: Transfusion-related processes with highest usage factor in surgical setting. Not all processes are listed. Main processes Usage factor/frequency Explaining transfusion risk and obtaining informed consent 13,233 Pre-transfusion examination & clerical routine >2,413 Phlebotomzig & delivering patient’s blood specimen to blood bank & central lab >2,485 Patient blood testing in central lab & analyzing results - routine & emergency >2,413 Controlling & storing components in hospital blood bank 1,445 ABO/Rh-typing new patients >1,330 ABO/Rh-typing control >2,413 Antibody screening >2,413 Cross matching 4,028 manual distribution of components and controlling delivery received at transfusion site 1779 Return deliveries of unused components 633 Cleaning transfusion site & disposing waste >455 Administering and monitoring transfusion 1368

IMPLEMENTASI JOB ORDER COSTING METHOD DALAM PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI MAP

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Ika Yulianti ◽  
Endah Masrunik ◽  
Anam Miftakhul Huda ◽  
Diana Elvianita
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Method Calculation ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to find a comparison of the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured in the CV. Mitra Setia Blitar uses the company's method and uses the Job Order Costing (JOC) method. The method used in this study is quantitative. The types of data used are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data is in the form of map production cost data while qualitative data is in the form of information about map production process. The result of calculating the cost of production of the map between the two methods results in a difference of Rp. 306. Calculation using the company method is more expensive than using the Job Order Costing method. Calculation of cost of goods manufactured using the company method is Rp. 2,205,000, - or Rp. 2,205, - each unit. While using the Job Order Costing (JOC) method is Rp. 1,899,000, - or Rp 1,899, - each unit. So that the right method used in calculating the cost of production is the Job Order Costing (JOC) method

A Machine Learning Application for Raising WASH Awareness in the Times of COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Pandey ◽  
Vaibhav Gautam ◽  
Ridam Pal ◽  
Harsh Bandhey ◽  
Lovedeep Singh Dhingra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
User Feedback ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Right ◽  
Local Languages

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered the potential of digital misinformation in shaping the health of nations. The deluge of unverified information that spreads faster than the epidemic itself is an unprecedented phenomenon that has put millions of lives in danger. Mitigating this ‘Infodemic’ requires strong health messaging systems that are engaging, vernacular, scalable, effective and continuously learn the new patterns of misinformation. OBJECTIVE We created WashKaro, a multi-pronged intervention for mitigating misinformation through conversational AI, machine translation and natural language processing. WashKaro provides the right information matched against WHO guidelines through AI, and delivers it in the right format in local languages. METHODS We theorize (i) an NLP based AI engine that could continuously incorporate user feedback to improve relevance of information, (ii) bite sized audio in the local language to improve penetrance in a country with skewed gender literacy ratios, and (iii) conversational but interactive AI engagement with users towards an increased health awareness in the community. RESULTS A total of 5026 people who downloaded the app during the study window, among those 1545 were active users. Our study shows that 3.4 times more females engaged with the App in Hindi as compared to males, the relevance of AI-filtered news content doubled within 45 days of continuous machine learning, and the prudence of integrated AI chatbot “Satya” increased thus proving the usefulness of an mHealth platform to mitigate health misinformation. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a multi-pronged machine learning application delivering vernacular bite-sized audios and conversational AI is an effective approach to mitigate health misinformation. CLINICALTRIAL Not Applicable

Protecting the Desperate: The Regulation of Payday Lending

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-176
Author(s):  
Andrew J Serpell
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Payday Lending ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Payday Loans ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Credit Contracts ◽  
The Cost

Payday loans are small-amount, short-term, unsecured, high-cost credit contracts provided by non-mainstream credit providers. Payday loans are usually taken out to help the consumer pay for essential items, such as food, rent, electricity, petrol, broken-down appliances or car registration or repairs. These consumers take out payday loans because they cannot — or believe that they cannot — obtain a loan from a mainstream credit provider such as a bank. In recent years there has been a protracted debate in Australia — and in several overseas jurisdictions — about how to regulate the industry. Recent amendments to the National Consumer Credit Protection Act 2009 (Cth) — referred to in this article as the 2013 reforms — are designed to better protect payday loan consumers. While the 2013 reforms provide substantially improved protection for payday loan consumers, further changes to the law may be warranted. This article raises several law reform issues which should be considered as part of the 2015 review into small amount credit contracts, including whether the caps on the cost of credit are set at the right level, whether the required content and presentation of the consumer warnings needs to be altered, whether more needs to be done to protect consumers who are particularly disadvantaged or vulnerable and whether a general anti-avoidance provision should be included in the credit legislation.

Microcontroller Device for Conductor Identification Using Acoustic Signal

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Vinogradov ◽  
Aleksey V. Bukreev
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Electrical Wiring ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical Solutions

When repairing and replacing electrical wiring in enterprises, the main difficulty is the lack or poor quality of documentation, plans for conductors laying. Distinguishing wires (cables) and their cores by the color of the shells or using tags attached to the ends is difficult if the shells have the same color and there are no tags. Devices and technical solutions used to identify wires and cables do not allow recognizing conductors without breaking the electrical circuit, removing insulation, and de-energizing the network. Searching for the right conductor is a time-consuming operation. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a new microcontroller device for identifying wires using an acoustic signal. (Materials and methods) Literature sources has been searched for devices for conductors identifying. (Results and discussion) The article proposes a method that involves feeding an acoustic signal to a wire at one point and capturing it at another, in order to recognize the desired wire. The article presents results of comparison of the developed microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal with known devices and methods for conductors recognizing. (Conclusions) The article reveals the shortcomings of existing methods and means of identifying wires and cables. Authors performed a theoretical calculation of the sound pressure in the conductor at a given distance. The article presents the calculation of speed of acoustic waves in conductors with different types of insulation. Authors designed a microcontroller device for identifying conductors using an acoustic signal and tested it. It was determined that the device increases the safety of work, reduces the cost of operating internal wiring and identification time; eliminates the violation of wire insulation, the need to disable electrical receivers. The convergence of theoretical calculations and experimental data was shown.

scholarly journals An Optimal Control Problem by a Hybrid System of Hyperbolic and Ordinary Differential Equations

Games ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Alexander Arguchintsev ◽  
Vasilisa Poplevko
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Optimal Control Problem ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Ordinary Differential Equations ◽  
Hyperbolic Equations ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimal Control Methods

This paper deals with an optimal control problem for a linear system of first-order hyperbolic equations with a function on the right-hand side determined from controlled bilinear ordinary differential equations. These ordinary differential equations are linear with respect to state functions with controlled coefficients. Such problems arise in the simulation of some processes of chemical technology and population dynamics. Normally, general optimal control methods are used for these problems because of bilinear ordinary differential equations. In this paper, the problem is reduced to an optimal control problem for a system of ordinary differential equations. The reduction is based on non-classic exact increment formulas for the cost-functional. This treatment allows to use a number of efficient optimal control methods for the problem. An example illustrates the approach.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document