scholarly journals Robust controller for an open irrigation canal prototype

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Nardjes Merabti ◽  
Arbaoui Faycel ◽  
Saidi Mohamed Larbi ◽  
Said Yahmedi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Irrigation Canals ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Inclement Weather ◽  
And Control

<span lang="EN-US">A </span><span class="alt-edited"><span lang="EN-US">Management and control of irrigation canals is a very important task whether for irrigation of agricultural land, to provide clean water, or to avoid floods. </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Irrigation canals are sometimes subject to intense variations due to climate change and inclement weather. For this reasons, a robust controller that allows dealing with large variation in operating conditions is proposed to control the water level of a multi-pool open irrigation canal prototype. The main objective of this study is to regulate the downstream level of each canal's pool at a constant value even with inflow disturbances.  The robust controller is designed and tested in simulation for different operating conditions. The results obtained show the good behavior and the effectiveness of the designed controller.</span>

scholarly journals Response characteristics of water level dynamic of the Baiyangdian Wetland to climate change and human activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 01071
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Qi ◽  
Dechao Yin ◽  
Yonghui An ◽  
Yushan Wang ◽  
Lei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Wetland Water ◽  
Water Conservancy ◽  
Baiyangdian Wetland ◽  
And Control

Water level dynamics of Wetlands are influenced by both climate change and human activities. Understanding the influence characteristics is important for the management of wetland water resources and ecology. Based on the water level dynamic and precipitation of the Baiyangdian Wetland, and the NPI index, the paper analyzes the response characteristics of the water level dynamic to the precipitation, and the teleconnections between the water level dynamic and the NPI by adopting method of wavelet analysis. Results show that climate change plays an important role on the response of the water level dynamic to the precipitation and also to the NPI, and human activities can significantly change the response characteristics. The response time lags of the water level dynamics to the NPI is longer than that of the water level dynamics to the precipitations, which indicates that the wetland precipitation might be partially influenced by the NPI. The knowledge of the response characteristics obtained in the paper is beneficial for water conservancy and control of the wetland, and is favorable for the sustainable development of its eco-environment.

scholarly journals Comprehending the Causes of Presence of Copper and Common Heavy Metals in Sediments of Irrigation Canals in Taiwan

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Shih-Han Huang ◽  
Tien-Chin Chang ◽  
Hui-Chen Chien ◽  
Zih-Sin Wang ◽  
Yen-Chen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Irrigation Canal ◽  
Irrigation Canals ◽  
Sediment Distribution

In 2019, Taiwan completed its first thorough heavy metal investigation of irrigation canal sediments by this study with the support of Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. Box-and-whisker plots were used to analyze the sediment distribution and to define metal concentrations. Possible metal pollution sources, the polluted agricultural land, irrigation area, and water sources were also evaluated using spatial analysis to understand the possible causes of sediment pollution. Results showed that the main heavy metal in agricultural land was Cu, found in 77% of contaminated agricultural land sites. Most sites with Cu pollution in sediments were in Taoyuan City and Changhua County. The heavy metals present in the sediment pollution sites in Taoyuan were consistent with those of possible pollution sources upstream, namely, Cr, Cu, and Pb. The main heavy metals in sediment pollution sites in Changhua were Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn, whereas those for the polluted agricultural land sites were Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn, without Pb. The main irrigation water sources in Changhua include drainages and rivers, with some receiving most wastewater pollution mass of release of Changhua, and functions as an irrigation water source with a high release mass in Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. These findings indicate that the sites of sediment pollution, sites of polluted agricultural land, and the sources of pollution share corresponding heavy metal characteristics. Therefore, in Changhua, the sediments were polluted mainly because (1) the irrigation canals received the highest masses of pollutant releases into drainage wastewater of the county; and (2) the return flow from irrigation and the illegal discharge of wastewater. The preliminary assessment results for sediment pollution in Taoyuan also suggest that the main causes may be irrigation by polluted rivers or drainages and return flows.

Modeling and H2/H∞ MIMO Control of an Earthmoving Vehicle Powertrain

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Andrew Alleyne ◽  
Eko Prasetiawan
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Linearized Model ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Representative System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vehicle Powertrain

Coordination of the power distribution in a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) electro-hydraulic transmission is investigated for the case of an earthmoving vehicle powertrain. A generalized model of a representative system is presented along with the development of both H2 and H∞ MIMO controller designs. The controllers are developed based on a linearized model of the system about some nominal operating point. Multiple inputs are coordinated to control multiple load outputs simultaneously. Since typical MIMO electrohydraulic transmission systems have significant nonlinear dynamics that vary with system operating conditions, a robust controller design is paramount. The increased robustness of the H∞ controller over the H2 scheme is demonstrated qualitatively in the time domain through both disturbance rejection and trajectory tracking comparisons. A frequency domain criterion quantitatively provides quantifiable comparisons between the two methods. Hardware-in-the-Loop experiments validate the modeling and control performance on an Earthmoving Vehicle Powertrain Simulator (EVPS).

Modeling and Multivariable Control of an Earthmoving Vehicle Powertrain

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Eko A. Prasetiawan ◽  
Andrew G. Alleyne
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Linearized Model ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Representative System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vehicle Powertrain

Abstract Coordination of the power distribution in a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) electrohydraulic transmission is investigated for the case of an earthmoving vehicle powertrain. A generalized model of a representative system is presented along with the development of both H2 and H∞ MIMO controller designs. The controllers are developed based on a linearized model of the system about some nominal operating point Multiple inputs are coordinated to control multiple load outputs simultaneously. Since typical MIMO electrohydraulic transmission systems have significant nonlinear dynamics that vary with system operating conditions, a robust controller design is paramount The increased robustness of the H∞ controller over the H2 scheme is demonstrated qualitatively in the time domain through both disturbance rejection and trajectory tracking comparisons. A frequency domain criterion quantitatively provides quantifiable comparisons between the two methods. Hardware-in-the-Loop experiments validate the modeling and control performance on an Earthmoving Vehicle Powertrain Simulator (EVPS).

Climate Change and Land Use Change of Rural Households in The Red River Delta, Vietnam

2013 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Ngoc Luu Bich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Red River ◽  
Red River Delta ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Farming Households

Climate change (CC) and its impacts on the socio-economy and the development of communities has become an issue causing very special concern. The rise in global temperatures, in sea levels, extreme weather phenomena, and salinization have occurred more and more and have directly influenced the livelihoods of rural households in the Red River Delta – one of the two regions projected to suffer strongly from climate change in Vietnam. For farming households in this region, the major and traditional livelihoods are based on main production materials as agricultural land, or aquacultural water surface Changes in the land use of rural households in the Red River Delta during recent times was influenced strongly by the Renovation policy in agriculture as well as the process of industrialization and modernization in the country. Climate change over the past 5 years (2005-2011) has started influencing household land use with the concrete manifestations being the reduction of the area cultivated and the changing of the purpose of land use.

scholarly journals Changes in Coastal Agricultural Land Use in Response to Climate Change: An Assessment Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Household Survey Data in Tien Hai District, Thai Binh Province, Vietnam

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Duong H. Nong ◽  
An T. Ngo ◽  
Hoa P. T. Nguyen ◽  
Thuy T. Nguyen ◽  
Lan T. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Land Uses

We analyzed the agricultural land-use changes in the coastal areas of Tien Hai district, Thai Binh province, in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, using Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 data. We used the object-oriented classification method with the maximum likelihood algorithm to classify six types of land uses. The series of land-use maps we produced had an overall accuracy of more than 80%. We then conducted a spatial analysis of the 5-year land-use change using ArcGIS software. In addition, we surveyed 150 farm households using a structured questionnaire regarding the impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity and land uses, as well as farmers’ adaptation and responses. The results showed that from 2005 to 2020, cropland decreased, while aquaculture land and forest land increased. We observed that the most remarkable decreases were in the area of rice (485.58 ha), the area of perennial crops (109.7 ha), and the area of non-agricultural land (747.35 ha). The area of land used for aquaculture and forest increased by 566.88 ha and 772.60 ha, respectively. We found that the manifestations of climate change, such as extreme weather events, saltwater intrusion, drought, and floods, have had a profound impact on agricultural production and land uses in the district, especially for annual crops and aquaculture. The results provide useful information for state authorities to design land-management strategies and solutions that are economic and effective in adapting to climate change.

scholarly journals The effects of ENSO, climate change and human activities on the water level of Lake Toba, Indonesia: a critical literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendri Irwandi ◽  
Mohammad Syamsu Rosid ◽  
Terry Mart
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
The Future

AbstractThis research quantitatively and qualitatively analyzes the factors responsible for the water level variations in Lake Toba, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. According to several studies carried out from 1993 to 2020, changes in the water level were associated with climate variability, climate change, and human activities. Furthermore, these studies stated that reduced rainfall during the rainy season due to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the continuous increase in the maximum and average temperatures were some of the effects of climate change in the Lake Toba catchment area. Additionally, human interventions such as industrial activities, population growth, and damage to the surrounding environment of the Lake Toba watershed had significant impacts in terms of decreasing the water level. However, these studies were unable to determine the factor that had the most significant effect, although studies on other lakes worldwide have shown these factors are the main causes of fluctuations or decreases in water levels. A simulation study of Lake Toba's water balance showed the possibility of having a water surplus until the mid-twenty-first century. The input discharge was predicted to be greater than the output; therefore, Lake Toba could be optimized without affecting the future water level. However, the climate projections depicted a different situation, with scenarios predicting the possibility of extreme climate anomalies, demonstrating drier climatic conditions in the future. This review concludes that it is necessary to conduct an in-depth, comprehensive, and systematic study to identify the most dominant factor among the three that is causing the decrease in the Lake Toba water level and to describe the future projected water level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document