White Kabesak (Acacia Leucophloea RoxB) Leaves Utilization in Concentrate on Fermentation Products and In Vitro Gas Production

ABSTRACT: In vitro gas production techniques represent a valuable tool to describe the kinetics of ruminal degradation of food. However, the ruminal liquor used as a microbial inoculum has been a great source of variation and error. A standardization of this factor should contribute to assure the independence of food fermentation parameters from those of the inocula. In this research it was hypothesized that a controlled pre-incubation treatment of ruminal liquor could contribute to stabilize and homogenize the undigested residues of blanks and as a consequence, of the production of residual cumulative gas production (CGP). A pre-incubation (i.e. previous real incubation) of rumen inocula was developed with a simple substrate similar to the diet offered to donors at 1% w/v for 0, 1, 2 and 4 h (Control, Prei-1, Prei-2 and Prei-4 treatments respectively). Once the pre-incubation hours were completed, they were incubated with contrasting substrates and without substrate (i.e. blanks) in order to evaluate the CGP, in vitro digestibility of the DM and fermentation products. Although, the fermentative activity of the pre-incubated inoculums worked satisfactorily in the in vitro system, contrary to what was speculated, residues of the pre-incubation increased the variability and heterogeneity of variances among blanks. Consequently, it was concluded that the pre-incubations did not work to generate more homogeneous and less variable ruminal liquor for the in vitro gas production system.

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The use of the in vitro gas production technique to investigate the effect of substrate on the partitioning between microbial biomass production and the yield of fermentation products

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200001915 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 1999 ◽

pp. 36-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Rymer ◽

D.I. Givens

Keyword(s):

Microbial Biomass ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Gas Production ◽

The Other ◽

Production Technique ◽

Fermentation Products ◽

In Vitro Gas Production

The in vitro gas production technique has been developed as a means of predicting the degradability of feeds. However, it was pointed out by Blümmel et al. (1997) that attention should be given to the other products of the incubation as well. Degraded feeds may be incorporated directly into microbial biomass, or they may be fermented to produce VFA and gas. One of the objectives of this experiment was to determine whether the proportion of degraded substrate that was partitioned to gas production varied with different feeds. Blümmel et al. (1997) observed a negative relationship between gas yield (ml gas produced/g substrate degraded) and microbial biomass yield (mg biomass/g substrate degraded) when poor quality forages were incubated. A second objective of this work was to determine whether this relationship was also observed when higher quality feeds were used.

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OLIVE CAKE SILAGE AS ALTERNATIVE ROUGHAGE FOR RUMINANT: EFFECT ON RUMEN DEGRADABILITY AND IN-VITRO GAS PRODUCTION

Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds ◽

10.21608/ejnf.2020.115092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 265-272

Author(s):

Fatma Hadhoud ◽

M. Shaaban ◽

A. Abd El Tawab ◽

M. Khattab ◽

H. Ebeid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Production ◽

Olive Cake ◽

In Vitro Gas Production

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Associative Effects between Forages and Concentrates on In Vitro Fermentation of Working Equine Diets

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11082212 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 2212

Author(s):

Mónica Gandarillas ◽

Juan Pablo Keim ◽

Elisa María Gapp

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Volatile Fatty Acid ◽

Animal Species ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Fermentation ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Production Experiment ◽

Need To Evaluate

Background: Horses are hindgut fermenters, and it is therefore important to determine the postgastric nutritive value of their feedstuffs and diets. Moreover, it has been demonstrated in other animal species that the fermentation of diets results in different values than those expected from pure ingredients. Therefore, the general objective of this work is to evaluate the gas production (GP) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, as well as the associative effects, of mixtures of different forages and concentrated foods, which are representative of the traditional diets of high-performance horses. Methods: An in vitro gas production experiment was conducted to assess the fermentation of two forages and three concentrates that are typical in horse diets. The combination of 70% of forage and 30% concentrates was also assessed to determine potential associative effects. Results: Concentrates and grains produced higher GP and VFA than forages when evaluated alone. When experimental diets were incubated, GP parameters and VFA concentrations of forage–concentrate mixtures had unexpected differences from the values expected from the fermentation of pure ingredients, suggesting the occurrence of associative effects. Conclusions: Our results indicate that there is a need to evaluate the fermentation of diets, rather than predicting from the values of pure ingredients.

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Preserving Porphyra umbilicalis and Saccharina latissima as Silages for Ruminant Feeding

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10111957 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1957

Author(s):

Margarita Novoa-Garrido ◽

Carlos Navarro Marcos ◽

María Dolores Carro Travieso ◽

Eduarda Molina Alcaide ◽

Mogens Larsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Gas Production ◽

Saccharina Latissima ◽

Porphyra Umbilicalis ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Ruminal Degradability ◽

Kinetics Of

The study analyzed the characteristics, chemical composition, and in vitro gas production kinetics of Porphyra umbilicalis and Saccharina latissima silages. Each seaweed was ensiled in vacuum bags (three bags/silage) following a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two pre-treatments (unwilted or pre-wilted) and three silage types: unwashed seaweed ensiled without additive; seaweed washed and ensiled without additive; and seaweed washed and ensiled with 4 g of formic acid (FAC) per kg seaweed. Silages were kept for 3 months in darkness at 20 °C. Pre-wilting prevented (p < 0.001) effluent formation and reduced (p ≤ 0.038) the production of NH3-N and volatile fatty acids for both seaweeds. Both pre-wilting and washing increased (p < 0.05) the ruminal degradability of P. umbilicalis silages but not of S. latissima silages. The pH of the FAC-treated silages was below 4.0, but ranged from 4.54 to 6.23 in non FAC-treated silages. DL-lactate concentrations were low (≤23.0 g/kg dry matter) and acetate was the predominant fermentation product, indicating a non-lactic fermentation. The estimated ruminal degradability of the P. umbilicalis and S. latissima silages was as average, 59.9 and 86.1% of that for high-quality rye-grass silages, respectively, indicating a medium-low nutritional value of these seaweed silages for ruminants.

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Evaluation of assays for phenolic compounds on the basis of in vitro gas production by rumen micro-organisms

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/0377-8401(95)00840-3 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 56 (3-4) ◽

pp. 195-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C.D. Wood ◽

V.E. Plumb

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Micro Organisms

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Voluntary intake of silages in dairy cows depending on chemical composition and in vitro gas production characteristics

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2006.06.013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 47-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

M. Hetta ◽

J.W. Cone ◽

G. Bernes ◽

A.-M. Gustavsson ◽

K. Martinsson

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Voluntary Intake ◽

Production Characteristics

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Effect of preservation on fermentative activity of rumen fluid inoculum for in vitro gas production techniques

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.05.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 123-124 ◽

pp. 107-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Gonzalo Hervás ◽

Pilar Frutos ◽

F. Javier Giráldez ◽

Manuel J. Mora ◽

Begoña Fernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fluid ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Production Techniques ◽

Fermentative Activity

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The need to complement in vitro gas production measurements with residue determinations from in sacco degradabilities to improve the prediction of voluntary intake of hays

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800015563 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

M. Blümmel ◽

P. Bullerdieck

Keyword(s):

Volume Ratio ◽

Gas Production ◽

Published Data ◽

Fatty Acid Production ◽

Residue Determination ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Gas Volume ◽

In Sacco Degradability ◽

In Sacco

AbstractThe need to complement in vitro gas production measurements with residue determination is demonstrated by the recalculation and reassessment of published data on in vitro gas production, in sacco degradabilities and voluntary dry matter intake (DMI). The in sacco degradability — gas volume ratio was determined at 24 and 48 h of incubation, termed partitioning factor (PF) and combined with rate and extent parameters of in sacco degradability and in vitro gas production to predict DMI. In vitro gas production and in sacco degradability characteristics (a + b) and c as described by the equation y = a + b(1−ect) explained 0·373 and 0·668 respectively of the variation in DMI of 19 legume and grass hays. The complementation of gas production parameters by the PF24 increased the R2 value to 0·744 with PF24 accounting for 0·407 of the variation in DMI, the rate of gas production (c) for 0·218 and the extent of gas production (a + b) for 0·119 of the variation in DMI. As a single parameter, PF48 showed the highest correlation (R2 = 0·597) with DMI but the combination of PF4S with rate and extent of in sacco or in vitro gas production measurements did not improve the correlation further, probably due to an intercorrelation between rates of fermentation and PF4S. Hays which were degraded at faster rates had higher PF values indicating proportionally higher microbial yield and lower short-chain fatty acid production per unit substrate degraded. Generally, hays with high in sacco degradabilities but proportionally low gas production i.e. hays with high PF values showed higher DMI.

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