Impact of Caffeine and/or Estrogen Deficiency on Trabecular Bone Area and Healing: A Study in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ferreira Bastos ◽  
Diogo José Barreto Menezes ◽  
Joyce Pinho Bezerra ◽  
Caetlin Kelmy Craneck Braz ◽  
Paula Fernanda Silva Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Estrogen Deficiency ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area

scholarly journals Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem-Cell Therapy to Increase the Density of Osteoporotic Mandibular Bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 058-063
Author(s):  
Nike Hendrijantini ◽  
Poedjo Hartono ◽  
Muhammad Dimas Aditya Ari ◽  
Fedik Abdul Rantan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem-cell (hUCMSC) therapy in increasing osteoporotic mandibular bone density in a rat model by determining changes in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, type 1 collagen, and trabecular bone area after treatment. Materials and Methods This research adopted an experimental posttest-only control group design. Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely, a control group with rats postsham surgery (T1), osteoporotic model postovariectomy rats (T2), postovariectomy rats 4 weeks after gelatin injection (T3), postovariectomy rats 8 weeks after gelatin injection (T4), postovariectomy rats 4 weeks after hUCMSC injection (T5), and postovariectomy rats 8 weeks after hUCMSC injection (T6). The rats were all sacrificed for histological and immunohistochemical examinations of ALP, osteocalcin, type 1 collagen, and trabecular bone area. Results Increased expression of ALP, type 1 collagen, and osteocalcin, as well as increased trabecular bone area, was observed in the treatment groups compared with that in the osteoporotic groups. Conclusion hUCMSCs produce significant osteogenic effects and increase osteoporotic mandibular bone density in the animal model. Increases in bone density are demonstrated by the higher levels of ALP, osteocalcin, and type 1 collagen, as well as increases in the trabecular bone area.

scholarly journals Effects of hydroxyapatite gypsum puger scaffold applied to rat alveolar bone sockets on osteoclasts, osteoblasts and the trabecular bone area

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Amiyatun Naini ◽  
I Ketut Sudiana ◽  
Mohammad Rubianto ◽  
Utari Kresnoadi ◽  
Faurier Dzar Eljabbar Latief
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area

Background: Damage to bone tissue resulting from tooth extraction will cause alveolar bone resorption. Therefore, a material for preserving alveolar sockets capable of maintaining bone is required. Hydroxyapatite Gypsum Puger (HAGP) is a bio-ceramic material that can be used as an alternative material for alveolar socket preservation. The porous and rough surface of HAGP renders it a good medium for osteoblast cells to penetrate and attach themselves to. In general, bone mass is regulated through a remodeling process consisting of two phases, namely; bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts. Purpose: This research aims to identify the effects of HAGP scaffold application on the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, as well as on the width of trabecular bone area in the alveolar sockets of rats. Methods: This research used Posttest Only Control Group Design. There were three research groups, namely: a group with 2.5% HAGP scaffold, a group with 5% HAGP scaffold and a group with 10% HAGP scaffold. The number of samples in each group was six. HAGP scaffold at concentrations of 2.5%, 5% and 10% was then mixed with PEG (Polyethylene Glycol). The Wistar rats were anesthetized intra-muscularly with 100 mg/ml of ketamine and 20 mg/ml of xylazine base at a ratio of 1:1 with a dose of 0.08-0.2 ml/kgBB. Extraction of the left mandibular incisor was performed before 0.1 ml preservation of HAGP scaffold + PEG material was introduced into the extraction sockets and suturing was performed. 7 days after preparation of the rat bone tissue, an Hematoxilin Eosin staining process was conducted in order that observation under a microscope could be performed. Results: There were significant differences in both the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts between the 2.5% HAGP group, the 5% HAGP group and the 10% HAGP group (p = 0.000). Similarly, significant differences in the width of the trabecular bone area existed between the 5% HAGP group and the 10% HAGP group, as well as between the 2.5% HAGP group and the 10% HAGP group (p=0.000). In contrast, there was no significant difference in the width of the trabecular bone area between the 2.5% HAGP group and the 5% HAGP group. Conclusion: The application of HAGP scaffold can reduce osteoclasts, increase osteoblasts and extend the trabecular area in the alveolar bone sockets of rats.

Gene Modified Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Osteoprotegerin Inhibit Osteoclast Activation and Increase Trabecular Bone Area in a Xenogeneic Murine Model of Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 505-505
Author(s):  
Neil Rabin ◽  
Chara Kyriakou ◽  
Reuben Benjamin ◽  
Arnold Pizzey ◽  
Orla Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area

Abstract Bone disease in multiple myeloma (MM) results from increased osteoclast (OCL) numbers and activity, which is associated with an increase in RANK Ligand and reduction in osteoprotegerin (OPG). Systemic administration of recombinant OPG reduces MM bone disease, but the short half life of OPG limits its usefulness. Gene modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a potential means of delivering stable expression of OPG in vivo to reduce OCL activation and bone destruction. Bone marrow derived human MSCs were transduced with a self-inactivating bicistronic lentiviral vector containing human OPG and GFP (MSCOPG). Control vector was identical except the OPG was cloned in reverse orientation (MSCGPO). Efficient transduction was demonstrated by high GFP expression (96% MSCOPG, 92% (MSCGPO). Stable transgene expression of human OPG (hOPG) occurred for beyond 20 passages in vitro, and hOPG was detected in vivo after tail vein administration of MSCOPG (2ng/mL hOPG detected in mouse serum 1 week after tail vein administration of 3 x 106 MSCOPG). Immunophenotype and differentiation potential of MSCs were maintained following transduction. A xenogeneic model of MM was developed. 1 x 107 KMS-12-BM cells injected tail vein into b2 m NOD/SCID mice leads to tumour infiltration in the bone marrow at 6 weeks, with varied tumour take between the bones examined. Using histomorphometric analysis trabecular bone area (TBA) was assessed as the proportion of trabecular bone in 0.5625 mm2 of marrow space 0.2 mm from growth plate. OCL were recorded as the proportion lining the endocortical surface (%OcPm). Reduction of trabecular bone in the tibia is related to the amount of tumour (KMS-12-BM tibia with >70% tumour mean TBA 0.7+/− 0.2 vs. KMS-12-BM tibia with <70% tumour mean 5.1+/− 0.8, p<0.01, which is similar to non diseased animals). All subsequent analysis were carried out on tibia with >70% tumour. There was no change in trabecular bone in the lumbar vertebrae. OCL were increased in the tibia and lumbar vertebrae of tumour bearing mice (PBS group mean %OcPm 0.9+/− 0.3 and 1.1+/− 0.4 vs. KMS-12-BM group mean 7.2+/− 3.2 and 7.5 +/− 2.2 in tibia and lumbar vertebrae respectively, p=0.01 in both groups). We hypothesised that MSCs expressing OPG will prevent the increase in OCL and subsequent loss of trabecular bone. Infusion of unmanipulated MSC or MSCGPO had no effect on %OcPm or TBA in diseased animals. 1 x106 MSCOPG or MSCGPO were injected by tail vein 2, 3 and 4 weeks after KMS-12-BM injection. Another group received KMS-12-BM alone. All mice were culled at 6 weeks. Trabecular bone was increased in the tibia of tumour bearing mice treated with MSCOPG (mean TBA 1.4 +/− 0.5) compared to control animals receiving MSCGPO or tumour alone (mean TBA 0.6 +/− 0.2), p=0.03, with a trend showing a reduction of OCL in the tibia of the MSCOPG group (mean %OcPm 2.6+/− 1.0) vs. control group (mean %OcPm 4.2+/− 1.5, NS). Importantly in the lumbar vertebrae, OCL were reduced in the MSCOPG group (mean %OcPm 1.9 +/− 0.4) compared to control animals (mean %OcPm 3.5+/− 0.5), p<0.01. Conclusion: MSCs gene modified with OPG are able to increase TBA in the tibia and reverse OCL activation in a xenogeneic model of MM. Gene modified MSCs may have future potential in treating MM induced bone disease.

The Histomorphometry of Rabbit Bone Tissue with Experimental Osteoporosis after Implantation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
Vladislavs Ananjevs ◽  
Arnis Abolins ◽  
Janis Locs ◽  
Ilze Salma ◽  
Andrejs Skagers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Ceramic ◽  
Trochanter Major ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area ◽  
Rabbit Bone

The histomorphometry of the rabbit bone tissue from the lower jaw was done. Authors hypothesized that local enhancement with biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic materials in the femur trochanter major area increase the trabecular bone volume outside the implantation zone in vivo. Twenty-two California female rabbits were included in this study and were divided into four groups. Four healthy rabbits composed a control group (A group), while other eighteen underwent ovariectomy. Bone defects were created in femur trochanter major region. Sham surgery group (B group) consisted of four female rabbits with osteoporosis and bone defect, but no biomaterials were implanted. In C group (seven rabbits) created defects were filled with granules of biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) 30/70); in D group (seven rabbits) defects were filled with the same granules (HAP/TCP 30/70) together with strontium (5% by mass). Twenty-two bone samples were taken from lower jaw premolar region. Trabecular bone area was measured using Image Pro Plus 7 program, where three equal fields (0.975 mm2) of view were at random chosen in all bone samples. Results have shown that the trabecular bone area in A group was 0.201 mm2 (0.176-0.233), which is statistically significantly higher (p <0.0001) than in B group 0.127 mm2 (0.118 – 0.149), C group 0.136 mm2 (0.108 – 0.166) and D group 0.135 mm2 (0.126 – 0.164), respectively. Statistically significant differences between B, C and D groups were not found (p > 0.05).

Detection of Functional Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche Using Real-Time Imaging

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 550-550
Author(s):  
Tong Yin ◽  
Yucai Xie ◽  
Winfried Wiegraebe ◽  
Xi He ◽  
Linheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Functional Feature ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Real Time Imaging ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niches play an essential role in regulating adult stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. HSC niches have only recently been identified based on genetic models that showed a parallel increase in the numbers of both HSCs and osteoblasts, or by static immunolabeling of putative HSCs and the adjacent locations. However, osteoblasts and vasculature were viewed as separate niches with distinctive roles, their interrelationships and interactions with HSCs in vivo remain largely undefined. To study the dynamic interaction between the HSC and its niche, we developed a method of ex vivo imaging stem cells (EVISC) using two-photon microscopy. This method combined the technology of real-time imaging and the functional feature that Flk2−LSK HSCs can be prospectively isolated with high purity and can home to their niche upon transplantation into irradiated recipient mice. Using EVISC in combination with immunoassaying, we found that transplanted HSCs tended to home to the endosteal region predominantly in the trabecular bone area (TBA) compared to compact bone area (CBA) under irradiated conditions, but were randomly distributed and unstable under non-irradiated conditions. Mechanistically, we found that the ratio of expression level of SDF-1 between TBA and CBA was significantly increased in response to irradiation. By monitoring individual HSC behavior using EVISC ranging from minutes to 16-hours, we found that a small portion of the homed HSCs underwent active division in the irradiated mice, coinciding with their initial expansion as measured by flow assay and immunoassay. Our findings suggest that the endosteal region in the trabecular bone area formed a special zone, which normally maintains HSCs but promotes their expansion in response to irradiation. This zone includes both osteoblastic and vascular components and signals, which both underwent dynamic changes from homeostatic to stressed conditions.

Effect of Dang-Gui-Ji-Hwang-Yeum on Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Jung Chae ◽  
Dong-Hyeon Yun ◽  
Hee-Young Chin ◽  
Sim-Keum Yoo ◽  
Hyung-Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Bone Surface ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Surface Appearance ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area

Dang-Gui-Ji-Hwang Yeum (DGJHY; an Oriental prescription), has been successfully used for the management of osteoporotic disorders in China, Japan and Korea. In this study, we have characterized the effect of DGJHY on osteoporosis-associated phenomena in ovariectomized (OVX) rats by measuring body weights and bone histomorphometries in sham, OVX and DGJHY-administered OVX rats. Light microscopic analyses showed a porous or an eroded appearance on the tibial trabecular bone surface in OVX rats, whereas those of the sham and DGJHY-administered OVX rats were composed of fine particles. The trabecular bone area and the trabecular thickness in OVX rats were significantly lower than those of sham rats. Moreover, these reductions in OVX rats were significantly reversed by the administration of DGJHY for 7 weeks, and osteoclast numbers were also significantly reduced. Although no differences were observed between OVX and DGJHY-administered OVX rats and the sham animals at the T 3 level, we have found significant differences between these two groups at the T 4 level. However, serum phosphorus, calcium, mechanical strength and the surface appearance of osteoblasts in the DGJHY-administered OVX rats were similar to those of OVX rats. These results suggest that DGJHY is effective at preventing bone loss in OVX rats.

scholarly journals Trabecular bone area and bone healing in spontaneously hypertensive rats: a histometric study

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ferreira Bastos ◽  
Felipe Vilhena Brilhante ◽  
Joyce Pinho Bezerra ◽  
Carlos Alberto Silva ◽  
Poliana Mendes Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Trabecular Bone Area
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