scholarly journals Status of birds in Agasthyamalai Hills, Western Ghats, Kerala, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhumita Panigrahi ◽  
V. J. Jins
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
The Status ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Kerala State

The present study focused on the status of birds in two wildlife sanctuaries, Neyyar and Peppara, located in Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Kerala State, India.  A total of 197 bird species representing 16 orders and 57 families are reported from the study area.  According to the IUCN Red List, one Endangered, two Vulnerable, and nine Near Threatened bird species occur in the landscape.   Black Bulbul was the most abundant species with highest density, followed by Yellow-browed Bulbul and Crimson-backed Sunbird.  Despite many bird species being broadly distributed across elevations, most endemic species occur or breed at elevations above 1,200m, dominated by southern hilltop evergreen forest.  This highlights the prominence of these high altitude species and their habitats.  A customized conservation plan is needed for the whole elevation gradient with greater emphasis on high elevation forest.  

Population density and habitat loss of Chestnut-headed Partridge Arborophila cambodiana in south-west Cambodia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-526
Author(s):  
SOPHEA CHHIN ◽  
NICHOLAS J. SOUTER ◽  
DUSIT NGOPRASERT ◽  
STEPHEN J. BROWNE ◽  
TOMMASO SAVINI
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
South West ◽  
Line Transects

SummaryThirty-two percent of bird species in South-East Asia are likely to become extinct by the end of this century. However, due to a lack of data this number may be an underestimate. The Chestnut-headed Partridge Arborophila cambodiana found in south-west Cambodia’s Cardamom Mountain range is a largely unknown potentially at-risk species. We used line transects and camera traps to survey A. cambodiana in four protected areas in the Cardamom Mountains to estimate population densities. We also assessed their current distribution range and broad scale habitat changes from 1996 to 2016. We found A. cambodiana in evergreen and semi-evergreen forest at a density of 1.23 calling males/km2, and at altitudes above 400 m and where the slope was between 11 and 43o. From 1996 to 2016 A. cambodiana’s potential habitat decreased by 11%, whilst the total evergreen forest cover in the Cardamom Mountains decreased by 20%. A. cambodiana has a very restricted range within which the habitat has been fragmented. Compounded by human disturbance and development activities that negatively affect the species, we suggest a revision of its IUCN Red List status from ‘Least Concern’ to ‘Near Threatened’ as it partially meets a range of threatened Red List species criteria.

scholarly journals STUDI JENIS BURUNG YANG DIPERDAGANGKAN DI KOTA KETAPANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Juhardiansyah ◽  
. Erianto ◽  
M Idham
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Field Data Collection ◽  
The Status ◽  
Snowball Sampling Technique

This study aims to explore information on the types of birds that are traded, to know the description of the location of birds originating, to know the status of protected species traded, to know the locations of shelters and the sale of traded birds, to know the number and prices of birds traded. This research was conducted in Ketapang City for 10 days effectively in the field, with the research method in field data collection using snowball sampling technique, namely determining key respondents to then determine other respondents who also knew the relevant information from previous respondents. The results of the data obtained at the time of the study were 267 individuals from 31 species of birds traded. The origin of the traded birds is a specific natural catch in the Jelai Hulu sub-district, Tumbang Titi sub-district, Kendawangan sub-district, Sandai sub-district, Laur sub-district, Matan Hilir Selatan sub-district, Matan Hilir Utara sub-district, Muara Pawan sub-district, and Teluk Batang sub-district and Kayong Utara regency. There are 11 protected bird species as a whole belonging to 15 tribes (families). Of these types, they fall into the protected category according to the Indonesian Law. Birds are in the category of Apendix II CITES and birds are listed in the IUCN Red List category. As for the research on the trading location there were 10 respondents 2 people in the hunter category and 8 bird shops / traders. while the most types of birds sold per type are Kacer (copshycus saularis) as many as 50 Tails / Individual, Murai batu (Copsychus malabaricus) and Serindit (Loriculus galgulus) as many as 44 Tails / Individuals.Keyword: Bird Species, Bird Trade, Ketapang

scholarly journals The contribution to wildlife conservation of an Italian Recovery Centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Gabriele Dessalvi ◽  
Enrico Borgo ◽  
Loris Galli
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Red List ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Depth Analysis

Wildlife recovery centres are widespread worldwide and their goal is the rehabilitation of wildlife and the subsequent release of healthy animals to appropriate habitats in the wild. The activity of the Genoese Wildlife Recovery Centre (CRAS) from 2015 to 2020 was analysed to assess its contribution to the conservation of biodiversity and to determine the main factors affecting the survival rate of the most abundant species. In particular, the analyses focused upon the cause, provenance and species of hospitalised animals, the seasonal distribution of recoveries and the outcomes of hospitalisation in the different species. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the anthropogenic causes was conducted, with a particular focus on attempts of predation by domestic animals, especially cats. Significantly, 96.8% of animals hospitalised came from Liguria, the region in north-western Italy where CRAS is located, with 44.8% coming from the most populated and urbanised areas of Genoa, indicating a positive correlation between population density and the number of recoveries. A total of 5881 wild animals belonging to 162 species were transferred to CRAS during the six years study period. The presence of summer migratory bird species and the high reproductive rates of most animals in summer resulted in a corresponding seasonal peak of treated animals. Birds represented 80.9% of entries; mammals accounted for 18.6% of hospitalisations; and about 0.5% of the entries were represented by reptiles and amphibians. Species protected by CITES and/or in IUCN Red List amounted to 8% of the total number of individuals. Consistent with results recorded elsewhere from Italy and other European countries, 53.9% of the specimens treated were released in nature; 4.7% were euthanised and 41.4% died. There was a significant difference between taxa in the frequency of individuals that were released, died or euthanised due to the intrinsic characteristics of species (more resistant or more adaptable to captivity than others) and/or to the types of debilitative occurrences common to each species (e.g. infections, wounds, traumas, fractures). A total of 14.2% of wildlife recovery was from injuries caused with certainty by people or domestic animals (human impact), with 54.3% of these hospitalised animals having been victims of predation attempts by domestic animals, mainly cats. The percentage of release in nature of animals hospitalised following human impact was significantly lower than overall cases (31.2% vs. 53.9%) due to the greater severity of the injuries. The percentage of animals released showed a further reduction to 27.1% amongst victims of predation attempts by pets. The work of Rehabilitation/Recovery Centres contributes to wildlife conservation. In particular, the CRAS in Genoa is a Centre with an increasing level of activity concerning the rehabilitation of species under CITES protection and/or included on the IUCN Red List. The contribution and experience of CRAS operators is critical for the success of ‘information campaigns’ aimed at limiting the number of stray dogs and cats because of their impact on wildlife. Therefore, the activity of a properly-managed CRAS can significantly contribute both directly and indirectly to wildlife conservation, resulting in important territorial safeguards for the protection of biodiversity.

scholarly journals Precarious status of the Endangered dhole Cuon alpinus in the high elevation Eastern Himalayan habitats of Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve, Sikkim, India

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawqir Bashir ◽  
Tapajit Bhattacharya ◽  
Kamal Poudyal ◽  
Manjari Roy ◽  
Sambandam Sathyakumar
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Cuon Alpinus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
Mountain Ungulates

AbstractDuring 2008–2010 we investigated the ecology of the Endangered dhole or wild dog Cuon alpinus in Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve in the Eastern Himalaya in Sikkim, India. We conducted camera trapping (n = 71 sites, 6,278 camera-days) and sign surveying along trails (n = 24; 629.43 km of effort) to assess the relative abundance, distribution and activity pattern of the dhole. Morphological characteristics evident in the 61 camera-trap photographs indicate that the dhole population in the Reserve may be the rare and genetically distinct subspecies C. alpinus primaevus. We detected dholes over a wide elevation range (2,501–4,100 m) that encompassed the upper temperate, subalpine, and alpine scrub zones. Dholes were diurnal, with peak activity at 08.00–10.00. Analysis of 41 scats indicated a diet comprising mainly mountain ungulates, rodents and pikas Ochotona sp. Although the frequency of occurrence of rodents was highest (32%) in the scats, 98.7% of the total biomass consumed was of mountain ungulates. Historical reports (1888–1894) indicated that the dhole was formerly abundant in Sikkim but was hunted to meet the high demand for its alleged medicinal properties. With no information on the status of the dhole in Sikkim for over a century, our study suggests that the species is now rare in the Reserve. To aid the conservation of the dhole and its main ungulate prey species extensive research and monitoring are required in the Reserve and elsewhere in the Eastern Himalaya.

scholarly journals The recent distribution of endemic, disjunct and globally uncommon birds in the forests of Kerala State, south-west India

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Zacharias ◽  
Anthony J. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Western India ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Kerala State

SummarySurveyed the avifaunas of 24 forest areas in Kerala State, south-western India, over the period 1973–1997, recording 309 species. We give details here of distributions and status for all species endemic to South Asia and all those having isolated populations, disjunct from conspecifics in northern India (disjunct species). Most bird species found in Kerala that are endemic to southern India, or form disjunct populations, occur in forest habitats. Those species endemic to the Western Ghats (passerines), or constituting disjunct populations (raptors) tend to have more restricted occurrence than other forest birds. For the passerines this is because they are mainly confined to high elevation forests and grasslands: rather restricted habitats in Kerala. The raptors may be more dependent than other species on large areas of forest and hence may have suffered from recent reductions in forest cover. Current trends in forest clearance for agriculture and plantations and encroachment by settlers, threaten especially the birds of low and middle altitude forests. The present status of such birds as Malabar Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus, Great Eared Nightjar Eurostopodus macrotis, Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis and White-bellied Blue Flycatcher Cyornis pallipes seems to be markedly worse than that described by Ali (1969) for the 1930s. These species, as well as Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis and Black-crested Baza Aviceda leuphotes, are patchily distributed at low densities and may be vulnerable to extirpation from local areas. Higher altitude habitats, where many endemics occur, cover smaller areas, but are less threatened. However, some species occurring at low densities (Rufous-bellied Eagle Hieraaetus kienerii, White-bellied Shortwing Brachypteryx major, Black-and-orange Flycatcher Ficedula nigrorufa, Broad-tailed Grassbird Schoenicola platyura) may be vulnerable to extirpation or extinction in the long term. Kerala has a large network of protected areas (National Parks, Sanctuaries). Effective protection of those areas should be sufficient to maintain most species, although the coverage of low altitude forest is poor and remaining fragments should be carefully protected. There is continuous pressure on all habitats and bird populations will need to be carefully monitored in future if Kerala's endemic and disjunct populations are to be maintained.

scholarly journals How Threatened Is Scincella huanrenensis? An Update on Threats and Trends

Conservation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-72
Author(s):  
Yucheol Shin ◽  
Kevin R. Messenger ◽  
Kyo Soung Koo ◽  
Sang Cheol Lee ◽  
Mian Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Status ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Dynamics Of Population

It is important to understand the dynamics of population size to accurately assess threats and implement conservation activities when required. However, inaccurate estimates are harming both the threat estimation process, and the resulting conservation actions. Here, we address the extinction threats to Scincella huanrenensis, a species described in the People’s Republic of China, but also occurring on the Korean peninsula. Estimating the threats to the species is not an easy task due to its unknown population status in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Here we analysed the literature to acquire the known presence point for the species, along with datapoints originating from opportunistic field surveys, and employed habitat suitability models to estimate the range of the species. We then followed the categories and criteria of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species to assess the extinction risk of the species. We found the species not to be fitting the threatened category at the global scale based on the range size, the only category for which enough data was available. We recommend the status of the species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species to be updated as it is now listed as critically endangered (CR), a listing fitting a national assessment for the People’s Republic (PR) of China. While this species is possibly less threatened than currently listed, this is not a genuine improvement, and specific conservation aspects should not be neglected due to its specialisation to medium to high elevation habitat.

scholarly journals The Avifauna of Lake Seyfe

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Elif Omca Çobanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
The Status ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Natural Protection ◽  
Iucn Red List Criteria

Turkey has a great ornithological importance, due to its geographical location, topography, wide territory and different climatic types. From a biodiversity perspective, wetlands are one of the most important areas. Lake Seyfe is one of the important wetlands with economic and ecological value. After being declared a Natural Protected Area in 1989, Lake Seyfe, which gained the status of Natural Protection Area in 1990 and finally declared Ramsar Site in 1994, is extremely important for birds. The lake meets 3 out of 9 Criteria for Identifying Wetlands of International Importance. The research aims to determine bird species of Lake Seyfe by gathering the information contained in the literature covering all observations made in the following years, in addition to the regular field studies conducted weekly between 1996 and 1998. Therefore, a list of birds obtained from all observations made between 1996-2019 has been created. As a result, 26 orders, 57 families, 242 species and 4 subspecies were identified in the site. 20 of the recorded species are globally endangered according to the IUCN red list criteria. Lake Seyfe, an internationally important wetland, is also an important feeding and visiting place for birds during migration.

scholarly journals The natural forest gaps maintenance diversity of understory birds in Mae Sa-Kog Ma Biosphere Reserve, northern Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
SUPALAK SIRI ◽  
YUWADEE PONPITUK ◽  
MONGKOL SAFOOWONG ◽  
DOKRAK MAROD ◽  
PRATEEP DUENGKAE
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Forest Gap ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Forest Gaps ◽  
Understory Birds

Siri S, Ponpituk Y, Safoowong M, Marod D, Duengkae P. 2019. The natural forest gaps maintenance diversity of understory birds in Mae Sa-Kog Ma Biosphere Reserve, northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 181-189. We compared the species composition and feeding guilds between under closed canopies and forest gaps in the low-elevation montane evergreen forest in Mae Sa-Kog Ma Biosphere Reserve. Monthly mist netting was used to capture birds from January 2015 to December 2017. In total, 958 individual birds belonging to 65 species were captured over 25,920 sampling hours. Of the total number of birds, 475 were from 51 species (Shannon-Wiener index: H' 2.974) under closed canopies and 483 were from 47 species (H' 2.985) in forest gaps. The number of bird species in gaps increased rapidly and constantly through 1 year following gap creation. Forest gap localities contained 48% of the understory birds in the area. Foliage–gleaning insectivores were the dominant bird feeding guild in both areas. Some species such as Erythrura prasina is a nomadic bird were found on first year of the forest gap only. Overall, we found that the forest gaps created by natural disturbances in the Mae Sa-Kog Ma Biosphere Reserve had no negative impact on the diversity of understory bird communities. The natural forest gap are created by intermediate disturbance promotes a relatively high biodiversity of birds in the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Bird community structure of small islands: a case study on the Pahawang Island, Lampung Province, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Dian Iswandaru ◽  
Indra Gumay Febryano ◽  
Trio Santoso ◽  
Hari Kaskoyo ◽  
Gunardi Djoko Winarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Nesting Sites

Small islands are extremely vulnerable to ecosystem disturbances. One of the common factors im-pacting on island ecosystems is the rise of tourism activity and the associated conversion of man-grove forest’s function into tourism’s supporting facility. Those changes will ultimately affect the diversity of bird species inhabiting the island.  Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the structure of a bird community in the mangrove forests of the Pahawang Island. The study used the transect method with tracking implemented. The obtained data were analysed using the Shannon-Wienner diversity index. We recorded 28 species from 21 families. Out of 21 families, Columbidae had the highest number of species (three species). Seven feeding guilds were observed during the present study, the maximum number of species belonged to the insectivore group and the minimum – to the nectarivore and omnivore (1 species each) guilds. Based on the abundance rank, the most abundant species was the cave swiftlet (Collochalia linchi). Three of the recorded species are listed in the cat-egory “Protected” according to the Indonesia Law: the brahminy kite (Haliastur indus), sunda pied fantail (Rhipidura javanica), and the black-naped tern (Sterna sumatrana). All bird species that have been recorded during the present study is classified as “Least Concern” in the IUCN Red List. The values of the Shannon-Wienner index suggest neither high nor low diversity (H’ = 2.55). Mangrove forest ecosystems, including the mudflat on the Pahawang Island, are important supporting popula-tions of wild birds through providing foraging, roosting and nesting sites. 

Functional evenness of bird communities varies along the elevational gradient in Europe: Conservation implications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Yanina
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Functional Evenness

ContextThe negative association between elevation and species richness is a well-recognized pattern in macro-ecology. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in functional evenness of breeding bird communities along an elevation gradient in Europe. MethodsUsing the bird data from the EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds we estimated an index of functional evenness which can be assumed as a measure of the potential resilience of communities.ResultsOur findings confirm the existence of a negative association between elevation and bird species richness in all European eco regions. However, we also explored a novel aspect of this relationship, important for conservation: Our findings provide evidence at large spatial scale of a negative association between the functional evenness (potential community resilience) and elevation, independent of the eco region. We also found that the Natura2000 protected areas covers the territory most in need of protection, those characterized by bird communities with low potential resilience, in hilly and mountainous areas.ConclusionsThese results draw attention to European areas occupied by bird communities characterized by a potential lower capacity to respond to strong ecological changes, and, therefore, potentially more exposed to risks for conservation.

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