Abstract 3136: Lipid-Lowering Medication Modifies The Gene-Diet Association Between 5-Lipoxygenase Promoter Polymorphisms And Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitzan C Roth ◽  
Susanna Vikman ◽  
Hooman Allayee ◽  
Wendy J Mack ◽  
Howard N Hodis
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Promoter Polymorphisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Rate Limiting

Background: 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid (Ara), an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Previous studies suggest that polymorphisms in the number of tandem Sp1 binding sites in the promoter of the 5-LOX gene may have an atherogenic effect due to a heightened inflammatory state when dietary Ara is high and dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, plus docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) are low. Methods: We determined 5-LOX genotypes in 1,663 adults participating in one of five randomized controlled atherosclerosis trials using carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) as the outcome. Baseline data on participant characteristics and clinic and laboratory measurements, including fasting lipids and CIMT, were obtained using the same methods in all trials. Diet was measured using 3-day records and intake of each PUFA was categorized as above or below the median. We used linear regression to examine the cross-sectional associations between 5-LOX genotype, dietary PUFAs, and CIMT. Results: Alleles were classified as wild-type (W, with 5 repeats), deletion (D, with 2– 4 repeats), or addition (A, with 6–9 repeats). The frequencies of the six genotypes were: 60.6% WW, 27.1% WD, 4.9% WA, 4.9% DD, 2.2% DA, and 0.4% AA. Among participants using lipid-lowering medication, mean CIMT was significantly elevated by 79.1 μm (95% CI = 5.3–152.9) in DD individuals compared to WW individuals after adjustment for sex, race, age, trial, and BMI >25 kg/m 2 . High dietary EPA+DHA blunted the gene-CIMT association (p for interaction = 0.007). In contrast, DD genotype was not associated with CIMT among non-users of lipid-lowering medication. Conclusion: The atherogenic effect of the shorter promoter alleles is modulated by dietary intake, especially in individuals using lipid-lowering medication, indicating a complex mechanism involving both inflammation and lipids.

scholarly journals Proteinuria Is Associated with Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Non-Albuminuric Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehyun Bae ◽  
Yong-ho Lee ◽  
Eun Seok Kang ◽  
Bong-Soo Cha ◽  
Byung-Wan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Urine Albumin

The association of specific urinary proteins other than albumin with cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been shown. In this respect, CV outcomes may differ in non-albuminuric T2D patients who were considered as a low risk group, according to the presence of proteinuria. We investigated the association between proteinuria and atherosclerosis assessed by carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in non-albuminuric T2D patients. 2047 T2D patients whose urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio was below 30 mg/g were recruited and classified into a non-proteinuria (NP, uPCR < 150 mg/g, n = 1865) group and a non-albuminuric proteinuria (NAP, uPCR ≥ 150 mg/g, n = 182) group. CIMT was compared between the two groups and logistic regression analysis was conducted to verify whether proteinuria could predict deteriorated CIMT status. In this cross-sectional study, mean CIMT of the NAP group were significantly thicker than those of the NP group (0.73 ± 0.16 vs. 0.70 ± 0.14, p = 0.016). The presence of proteinuria is associated with deteriorated CIMT after the adjustment for conventional risk factors (odds ratio, 2.342; 95% confidence interval, 1.082–5.070, p = 0.030) in regression analysis. We postulated that the measurement of urinary protein in conjunction with albumin might be helpful for predicting atherosclerosis, especially for non-albuminuric patients.

scholarly journals Association Between Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness: Cross-Sectional Results From the ELSA-Brasil Study

Global Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Willets ◽  
Itamar S. Santos ◽  
Paulo A. Lotufo ◽  
Isabela M. Benseñor ◽  
Claudia K. Suemoto
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Thickness

scholarly journals Ischemic stroke: Observations and analysis of stroke patients admitted in a tertiary hospital of Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Dipesh Shakya ◽  
Rabindra Shrestha ◽  
Krishna Dhungana ◽  
Raisha Kafle ◽  
Sabnam Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Background: Stroke is a disabling condition that has physical and mental impact on a patient’s life. Stroke is an important morbidity for low and middle income countries like Nepal. Hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and dyslipidemia are common risk factors in this regard and are inadequately controlled; mainly because of poor public awareness, inadequate infrastructure, lack of service and qualified manpower.Objectives: This study aims to provide insight into the epidemiology and risk factors in ischemic stroke patients.Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 92 ischemic stroke patients at a tertiary care hospital Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital (KMCTH), Sinamangal, Nepal from December 2017 to June 2018. Consecutive sampling technique was used and data was collected from ischemic stroke patients above 14 years of age who were admitted in the Department of Neurology. Information regarding pre-morbid and morbid conditions, imaging findings as well as results was obtained from biochemical analysis of blood after taking consent from the patient or patient’s relative. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 20 was used as a tool for statistical analysis.Results: Their mean age was 63.25 years with standard deviation of 16.45. Dyslipidemia was the most commonly found risk factor which was present in 77.2% of the subjects, followed by smoking (59.8%), presence of carotid artery atherosclerosis (59.8%), hypertension (50%), atrial fibrillation (26.1%) and diabetes mellitus(15.2%). Smoking was significant in males and heart disease was mostly seen in females.Conclusion: Dyslipidemia and smoking were the most common risk factors followed by carotid artery atherosclerosis. Patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia had higher incidence of stroke in both young and elderly group.

scholarly journals Water hardness and its impact on arterial stiffness and carotid atherosclerotic burdens; insights from the 'Corinthia study'

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Vogiatzi ◽  
E Oikonomou ◽  
G Lazaros ◽  
M Kostakis ◽  
Z Kypritidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction It has been long investigated the potential role of water quality in cardiovascular health. Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the association between water hardness, arterial stiffness and atheromatic burden in carotid arteries. Design and methods Corinthia study is a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted in subjects aged 40–99 years. Intima media thickness (IMT) was measured in the left and right common carotid artery, carotid bulb and internal carotid artery. The average of the measurements (mean IMT) and the maximum IMT were determined as the representative value of carotid atherosclerosis burden. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used to evaluate arterial stiffness. Tap-water samples were collected from the study area, and analyzed for major, minor and trace elements, as well as pH and total hardness. Results In this analysis we included data from 1.404 participants. In subjects consuming water with a hardness above 250mg/dL, especially in those above &gt;65 years old maximum and mean IMT was significantly increased compared to those consuming water with a hardness above 250mg/dL (1.61mm vs. 1.34mm respectively, p&lt;0.001 and 1.15mm vs. 1.05, p=0.005 for WH ≥250mg/dL and WH &lt;250mg/dL, respectively). Similarly, the prevalence of atheromatic plaques was higher in subjects of the first category (15,2% vs. 7,6%, p=0.004). No differences emerged for the arterial stiffness in the individual subgroups. statistically significant correlation was revealed (p=0.004). Conclusions There seem to be a negative association between extra hard water and carotid atheromatic burden highlighting the possible impact of water quality in cardiovascular health. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Table 1

Vascular deformation in human atherosclerotic carotid artery evaluated by 2D analysis of ultrasonography

Vascular ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Mehravar Rafati ◽  
Mehrdad Rafati-Rahimzadeh ◽  
Hassan Moladoust ◽  
Mohammadreza Sehhati
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severe Stenosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male Subjects

Objectives Common carotid artery (CCA) remodelling in the atherosclerosis process is an inherent necessary element that decreases the progress of significant lumen compromise. The present study used a semi-automated method to assess relationships of intima-media thickness (IMT), lumen diameter (LD) and inter-adventitial diameter (IAD) using ultrasound B-mode images of atherosclerotic carotid artery. Methods In the cross-sectional study, 120 male subjects (age range: 40–60 years) were classified into four research groups namely control, mild, moderate, and severe stenosis. The maximum near and far wall IMT, mean of both walls’ IMT and IAD, and also LD of the left CCA were extracted for all participants. Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to investigate relationships of IMT, LD, and IAD. Results Results revealed that the maximum far and near wall IMT, mean of both walls’ IMT and IAD in the CCA were significantly different in stenosis patients and the control group ( p< 0.001). However, there were no significant differences among the four studied groups in terms of LD of CCA ( p = 0.65). There was a stronger correlation between mean of both walls’ IMT and IAD in comparison with mean far wall IMT and IAD ( p < 0.001). Conclusions Results indicated that changes of IAD in the left CCA were associated with carotid deformation, and thus it can be considered as a predictor of atherosclerosis process.

scholarly journals Carotid artery intima-media thickness in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its correlation with risk factors for atherosclerosis and/or stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Shovan Kumar Das ◽  
Amit Sarkar ◽  
Subhraprakash Pramanik ◽  
Mitabha Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Koushik Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Matched Study ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Introduction: Stroke is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Ischemic stroke is  more prevalent than hemorrhagic stroke and atherosclerosis is the major cause of ischemic stroke. The increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) is considered to be useful indicator of early atherosclerosis. So, this study was aimed to correlate the relationship between atherosclerotic risk factors and intima-media thickness of carotid artery in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 consecutive patients of acute ischemic stroke and 50 healthy relatives of patients as control were studied for presence of atherosclerotic risk factors and carotid artery intima?media thickness by B-mode Doppler ultrasonography.Results: In this age and sex matched study, higher CIMT measurement was found among patients of acute ischemic stroke than healthy controls (0.849 ± 0.196 vs 0.602 ± 0.092; p < 0.001). The CIMT was well correlated with smoking (Beta = 0.295; t = 5.728; 95% CI 0.088 to 0.181; p < 0.001); hypertension (Beta = 0.387; t = 6.518; CI 0.112 to 0.209; p < 0.001); di abetes (Beta = 0.237; t = 4.848; CI 0.074 to 0.175; p < 0.001); hypercholesterolemia (Beta = 0.292; t = 5.840; CI 0.096 to 0.195; p < 0.001), but not with age (p = 0.153). The CIMT was also found to be higher among acute ischemic stroke patients who were smoker, hypertensive, diabetic and hypercholesterolemic than non?smoker, normotensive, non-diabetic and normo-cholesterolemic respectively. Conclusion: The CIMT being indicator of atherosclerosis can be used as future predictor of ischemic stroke. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i1.10301 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(1) 2015 22-27

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