Abstract 16331: Alcohol Consumption and Its Relation to Obesity in a Population-Based Study in Finland

Introduction: Alcohol is the second most energy-dense macronutrient and it is metabolized very effectively. The previous results, however, do not conclusively confirm a positive association between alcohol consumption and BMI. In several studies, moderate alcohol consumers have shown lower BMI than abstainers, despite their higher daily energy intake. Our aim was to determine associations of alcohol consumption with energy intake and BMI. Methods: The National FINRISK 2012 Health Study consisted of 4776 participants aged 25-74 years. The Study included questionnaires and measured weight and height. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess participants’ whole diet. Findings: Of men, 12% were classified as abstainers and 6% as heavy drinkers, while the percentages for women were 25% and 3%, respectively. The mean daily alcohol consumption was 12.9 g among men and 4.4 g among women. Alcohol consumption had a highly skewed distribution; the participants in the highest alcohol quintile consumed about half of all reported alcohol (46% for men and 44% for women). Men consumed 71% of all the reported alcohol. In men and women, daily energy intake increased with rising alcohol consumption. However, there were no differences in the non-alcoholic energy intake from foods between alcohol consumption categories (p-value was 0.15 for men and 0.74 for women). The U-shaped association between low/moderate alcohol consumption and BMI was observed, especially in women. Moderate female alcohol consumers were 1.5-2 BMI units leaner than the others, whereas the difference was below 1 BMI unit in male. Conclusions: Alcohol consumers did not habitually substitute food items with alcohol beverages. The participants with low or moderate alcohol consumption, however, had the lowest BMI. The reasons for moderate drinkers being leaner than abstainers remain an interesting open question. Obesity, however, can partly explain the U-shaped association found between alcohol consumption and the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Download Full-text

The effect of alcohol on the nature of lexical representations in different taste domains

Psychological Thought ◽

10.5964/psyct.v9i2.190 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 222-235

Author(s):

Maria Baskini ◽

Hariklia Proios

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Verbal Fluency ◽

Positive Association ◽

Sweet Taste ◽

Sorting Task ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽

Card Sorting ◽

Lexical Representations

Moderate alcohol consumption may be involved in cognitive feedback mechanisms (Hofmann & Friese, 2008), participants execute verbal fluency test (VFT) better (Cerhan et al., 1998) and there is positive association between sweet taste and excessive alcohol intake (Lange, Kampov-Polevoy, & Garbutt, 2010). We investigate the immediate pharmacological consequences of moderate to light alcohol consumption in verbal fluency and categorical sorting within the different taste domains (i.e. sweet, salty, sour and bitter). Our hypothesis is that subjects under the influence of light to moderate alcohol will produce more items in the sweet domain. 53 healthy adults had moderate alcohol consumption and were compared in two semantic tasks to 53 adults, who did not drink alcohol. Mann-Whitney U tests showed that the total number of clusters, switches, and repetitions were equal between the two groups in all taste domains (p-values: .211, .401, and .684 respectively). The number of responses in the alcohol group generated more disinhibiting intrusive words during the VFTs as compared to the control group (p-value: <.001). VFTs and the order of taste preference in the card-sorting task showed positive correlation and agreement. Light to moderate alcohol did not affect verbal fluency. However, participants under the influence of alcohol generated significantly more errors in the VFTs that were emotionally laden. This corroborates with research that certain emotions are innervated with taste domains. This leaves open question about the effects of alcohol on decision making in eating and executive functions as they relate to lexical representations.

Download Full-text

Abstract 08: Daily Energy Intake Distribution And Weight Gain In Women

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.08 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Martin Lajous ◽

Emilie Rossignol ◽

Agnes Fournier ◽

Guy Fagherazzi ◽

Beverley Balkau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Weight Change ◽

P Value ◽

Healthy Weight ◽

Daily Energy Intake ◽

Positive Weight ◽

Eating Frequency ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Daily Energy

Background: Evidence points to an inverse relation between breakfast and obesity. Little information is available on the distribution of energy intake during the day and weight gain. Methods: We evaluated the relation of the distribution of daily energy intake, eating frequency and weight change and weight gain in a prospective study of 61,543 disease-free French women in the E3N- EPIC cohort. At baseline in 1993, participants responded to a validated questionnaire on habitual diet over eight possible daily eating occasions. We calculated energy intake at various moments during the day. Women were categorized according to the energy distribution (% energy of total) for each eating moment into quintiles and according to the number of calorie-containing meals. Self-reported weight was updated on six occasions after baseline, using mailed questionnaires. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate mean weight change and Cox models to assess weight gain ≥5kg. Results: Between 1993 and 2008, the mean weight change was +2.45 kg (SD± 0.2) and 22,808 women gained ≥5kg. After multivariable adjustment (including total energy), higher energy intake at breakfast was associated with a lower positive weight change from baseline, while higher energy intake at night was associated with a higher positive weight change (p-value <0.0001) (Figure). No association was observed for energy intake at midday or mid-afternoon. In multivariable models, HRs of gaining ≥5kg were 0.90 (95%CI 0.86-0.94; p-trend <0.0001) and 1.09 (95%CI 1.04-1.15; p-trend <0.0001) for women in the highest compared to the lowest energy consumption category at breakfast and at dinner, respectively. Conversely, eating frequency was directly associated to weight change (p-value <0.0001) but not ≥5kg weight gain. Conclusion: Higher percent energy intake at breakfast was associated with a lower weight gain, while higher percent energy intake at dinner was associated with higher weight gain. The distribution of daily energy may be important for maintaining a healthy weight.

Download Full-text

Is the Time of Food Consumption Associated with BMI and/or Total Daily Energy Intake?

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e509012013-199 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Roebothan ◽

Joanne Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Daily Energy Intake ◽

Daily Energy

Download Full-text

Effects of a Protein-Rich, Low-Glycaemic Meal Replacement on Changes in Dietary Intake and Body Weight Following a Weight-Management Intervention—The ACOORH Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020376 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 376

Author(s):

Martin Röhling ◽

Andrea Stensitzky ◽

Camila L. P. Oliveira ◽

Andrea Beck ◽

Klaus Michael Braumann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Weight Change ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Daily Energy Intake ◽

Meal Replacement ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Protein Rich

Although meal replacement can lead to weight reduction, there is uncertainty whether this dietary approach implemented into a lifestyle programme can improve long-term dietary intake. In this subanalysis of the Almased Concept against Overweight and Obesity and Related Health Risk (ACOORH) study (n = 463), participants with metabolic risk factors were randomly assigned to either a meal replacement-based lifestyle intervention group (INT) or a lifestyle intervention control group (CON). This subanalysis relies only on data of participants (n = 119) who returned correctly completed dietary records at baseline, and after 12 and 52 weeks. Both groups were not matched for nutrient composition at baseline. These data were further stratified by sex and also associated with weight change. INT showed a higher increase in protein intake related to the daily energy intake after 12 weeks (+6.37% [4.69; 8.04] vs. +2.48% [0.73; 4.23], p < 0.001) of intervention compared to CON. Fat and carbohydrate intake related to the daily energy intake were more strongly reduced in the INT compared to CON (both p < 0.01). After sex stratification, particularly INT-women increased their total protein intake after 12 (INT: +12.7 g vs. CON: −5.1 g, p = 0.021) and 52 weeks (INT: +5.7 g vs. CON: −16.4 g, p = 0.002) compared to CON. Protein intake was negatively associated with weight change (r = −0.421; p < 0.001) after 12 weeks. The results indicate that a protein-rich dietary strategy with a meal replacement can improve long-term nutritional intake, and was associated with weight loss.

Download Full-text

Does Increased Exercise or Physical Activity Alter Ad-Libitum Daily Energy Intake or Macronutrient Composition in Healthy Adults? A Systematic Review

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0083498 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e83498 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Joseph E. Donnelly ◽

Stephen D. Herrmann ◽

Kate Lambourne ◽

Amanda N. Szabo ◽

Jeffery J. Honas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Daily Energy Intake ◽

Macronutrient Composition ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Ad Libitum

Download Full-text

Protein content of diets dictates the daily energy intake of a free-ranging primate

Behavioral Ecology ◽

10.1093/beheco/arp021 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 685-690 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

Annika M. Felton ◽

Adam Felton ◽

David Raubenheimer ◽

Stephen J. Simpson ◽

William J. Foley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Daily Energy Intake ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Free Ranging

Download Full-text

Alcohol consumption and cardiorespiratory fitness in five population-based studies

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487317738594 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 164-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sebastian E Baumeister ◽

Jonas D Finger ◽

Sven Gläser ◽

Marcus Dörr ◽

Marcello RP Markus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Population Based ◽

Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽

Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽

P Value ◽

Independent Population ◽

Average Alcohol

Background Poor cardiorespiratory fitness is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. Alcohol consumption contributes substantially to the burden of disease, but its association with cardiorespiratory fitness is not well described. We examined associations between average alcohol consumption, heavy episodic drinking and cardiorespiratory fitness. Design The design of this study was as a cross-sectional population-based random sample. Methods We analysed data from five independent population-based studies (Study of Health in Pomerania (2008–2012); German Health Interview and Examination Survey (2008–2011); US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2000; NHANES 2001–2002; NHANES 2003–2004) including 7358 men and women aged 20–85 years, free of lung disease or asthma. Cardiorespiratory fitness, quantified by peak oxygen uptake, was assessed using exercise testing. Information regarding average alcohol consumption (ethanol in grams per day (g/d)) and heavy episodic drinking (5+ or 6+ drinks/occasion) was obtained from self-reports. Fractional polynomial regression models were used to determine the best-fitting dose-response relationship. Results Average alcohol consumption displayed an inverted U-type relation with peak oxygen uptake ( p-value<0.0001), after adjustment for age, sex, education, smoking and physical activity. Compared to individuals consuming 10 g/d (moderate consumption), current abstainers and individuals consuming 50 and 60 g/d had significantly lower peak oxygen uptake values (ml/kg/min) (β coefficients = −1.90, β = −0.06, β = −0.31, respectively). Heavy episodic drinking was not associated with peak oxygen uptake. Conclusions Across multiple adult population-based samples, moderate drinkers displayed better fitness than current abstainers and individuals with higher average alcohol consumption.

Download Full-text

Breakfast eating among Brazilian adolescents: Analysis of the National Dietary Survey 2008-2009

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-98652017000400006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 463-476 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luana Silva MONTEIRO ◽

Amanda de Moura SOUZA ◽

Bruna Kulik HASSAN ◽

Camilla Chermont Prochnik ESTIMA ◽

Rosely SICHIERI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Fruit Juice ◽

Northern Region ◽

Food Groups ◽

Food Record ◽

Daily Energy Intake ◽

Processed Meats ◽

Daily Energy ◽

Breakfast Eating ◽

Income Quartile

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize breakfast eating among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Food intake was estimated based on a 1-day food record of adolescents aged 10-19 years, according to the first National Diet Survey (2008-2009). Breakfast was considered as the first meal of the day eaten between 4 and 11 am. Results: Ninety-three percent of adolescents reported eating breakfast. This meal contributed to 17.7% of the daily energy intake. The most commonly consumed food groups were: coffee and tea, breads, butter/margarine, milk, cakes and cookies, packaged snacks, corn-based dishes, cheese, processed meats, and fruit juice. In the Northern region there was a higher frequency of coffee and tea and roots and tubers intake and lower frequency of milk intake than that in the other regions in the country. In the Northeastern region, the intake of corn and eggs was high; in the Southern region, there was high intake of processed meats and fruits. Adolescents from families in the first income quartile reported higher intake of coffee and tea, packaged snacks, corn, and roots and tubers intake, and lower intake of milk and dairy products. Adolescents from families in the highest income quartile reported higher intake of milk, fruit juice, cheese, and sugar-added beverages. Conclusion: In Brazil, the contribution of breakfast to daily energy intake among adolescents is low. The nutritional quality of breakfast improved with increased income. The three most frequently consumed items were coffee and tea, breads, and butter/margarine.

Download Full-text