Abstract P370: Cardiovascular Health Metrics, Lifetime Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Disease Mortality, and Life Expectancy in Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Whether cardiovascular health metrics relates to lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic disease mortality and life expectancy in U.S. population remains less explored. PURPOSE: We investigated the combined impact of 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics on lifetime risks of CVD and chronic disease mortality and life expectancy in US men and women at 30 years of age. METHODS: Lifetime risks of CVD and chronic disease mortality to 80 years of age were estimated for men and women, with death free of chronic diseases as a competing event. We followed 11,341 men and women, aged 30 to 80 years, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. All participants completed baseline lifestyle factors and lifestyle behavior questionnaires. The 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics was defined as physically active, never smoking, a healthy diet, waist girth (<102/88 cm), untreated blood pressure (<120/80 mmHg), untreated total cholesterol (<200 mg/dL), and untreated fasting glucose (<100 mg/dL) defined by the American Heart Association Strategic Committee. They were further categorized as having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 combined cardiovascular health metrics. RESULTS: During an average of 13.7 years of follow-up (155,726 person-years), there were a total of 1834 chronic disease deaths (945 CVD, 579 cancer, 217 respiratory disease, 93 diabetes mellitus). The lifetime risks of chronic disease mortality (at 30 years of age) across 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 or 7 ideal health metrics were (95% CI) 46.2% (41.6, 50.7), 40.3% (36.9, 43.8), 33.1% (30, 36.1), 27.2% (23.9, 30.5), 25.8% (21, 30.5), 24.8% (16.8, 32.9), and 12.7% (1.2, 24.1), respectively. Men and women who had adopted increasing number ideal health metrics had a substantially lower lifetime risk of chronic disease mortality. The lifetime risks of CVD mortality across 7 ideal health metrics showed trends similar to chronic disease mortality. After adjustment for multiple risk factors, men and women with all 6 or 7 combined ideal health metrics had a 75% (95% CI: 51% to 88%) lower risk of chronic disease mortality and 93% (95% CI: 53% to 99%) lower risk of CVD mortality, respectively, when compared with men and women with zero ideal health metrics. Men and women with 0 compared with 6 or 7 combined ideal health metrics had a shorter life expectancy by 16 years (95% CI: 13 to 19.1 years). Approximately 63% (95% CI: 26% to 82%) of chronic disease deaths might have been avoided if men and women had maintained all 6 or 7 combined health factors and healthy lifestyle behaviors. CONCLUSION: Maintaining an ideal cardiovascular health metrics is associated with lower lifetime risks of CVD and chronic disease mortality in men and women.

Abstract MP27: Effects of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors on Lifetime Risk of Chronic Disease Mortality and Life Expectancy in Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Do Lee
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Disease Mortality

The impact of healthy lifestyle behaviors on lifetime risk of chronic disease mortality and life expectancy in U.S. population remains less explored. Purpose: We investigated the combined effects of lifestyle factors on lifetime risk of chronic disease mortality and life expectancy in US men and women at 40 years of age. Methods: Lifetime risks of chronic disease mortality to 80 years of age were estimated for men and women, with death free of chronic diseases as a competing event. We followed 7848 men and women, aged 40 to 80 years, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. All participants completed baseline lifestyle behavior questionnaires. A healthy lifestyle profile was defined as physically active, never smoking, and a healthy diet defined by the American Heart Association Strategic Committee. They were further categorized as having 0, 1, 2, or 3 combined healthy lifestyle factors. Results: During an average of 13.2 years of follow-up (103,851 person years), there were a total of 1645 chronic disease deaths (915 CVD, 546 cancer, 281 respiratory disease, 98 diabetes mellitus). The lifetime risks of chronic disease mortality (at 40 years of age) were 38.1% (95% CI: 35.7 to 40.5) and 30.7% (95% CI: 28.5 to 33.0) in men and women, respectively. Men and women who were physically active, never smoked, and had a healthy diet had a substantially lower lifetime risk of chronic disease mortality. The lifetime risks of chronic disease mortality across 0, 1, 2, and 3 combined healthy lifestyle factors were 47.2%, 33.0%, 21.2%, and 16.2%, respectively. After adjustment for multiple risk factors, men and women with all 3 healthy lifestyle factors had a 36% (95% CI: 28% to 42%) lower risk of chronic disease mortality compared with men and women with zero healthy lifestyle factors. Persons with 0 compared with 3 healthy lifestyle factors had a shorter life expectancy by 10 years (95% CI: 7.8 to 12.1 years). Approximately 30% (95% CI: 14% to 43%) of chronic disease deaths might have been avoided if men and women had maintained all 3 healthy lifestyle factors. Conclusion: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is associated with lower risk of chronic disease mortality in men and women. Nationwide primordial and primary prevention efforts are needed to support the attainment of healthy lifestyles for the lifetime.

scholarly journals Elucidating the Relationship Between Insomnia, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 247028972098001
Author(s):  
Rebecca Leeds ◽  
Ari Shechter ◽  
Carmela Alcantara ◽  
Brooke Aggarwal ◽  
John Usseglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sex Research ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality have been attributed to differences in pathophysiology between men and women and to disparities in CVD management that disproportionately affect women compared to men. Similarly, there has been investigation of differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia attributable to sex. Few studies have examined how sex and insomnia interact to influence CVD outcomes, however. In this review, we summarize the literature on sex-specific differences in the prevalence and presentation of insomnia as well as existing research regarding the relationship between insomnia and CVD outcomes as it pertains to sex. Research to date indicate that women are more likely to have insomnia than men, and there appear to be differential associations in the relation between insomnia and CVD by sex. We posit potential mechanisms of the relationship between sex, insomnia and CVD, discuss gaps in the existing literature, and provide commentary on future research needed in this area. Unraveling the complex relations between sex, insomnia, and CVD may help to explain sex-specific differences in CVD, and identify sex-specific strategies for promotion of cardiovascular health. Throughout this review, terms “men” and “women” are used as they are in the source literature, which does not differentiate between sex and gender. The implications of this are also discussed.

Abstract T P345: Cardiovascular Health Metrics and All-cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality among Middle Aged Men in Korea: The Seoul Male Cohort Study

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Kim ◽  
Chul Woo Rhee ◽  
Young-Jin Ko ◽  
Byung-Joo Park ◽  
Dong-Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: In Korea, Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were the second leading cause of deaths in 2011. In 2010, the American Heart Association (AHA) published cardiovascular health metrics (CVHM) aimed at reducing deaths from all CVDs and stroke, and improving the cardiovascular health of the population as a whole. Despite their implications, the AHA’s metrics have not been broadly studied or previously applied to an Asian population. Objectives: This study estimated the combined association of cardiovascular health behaviors on the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in middle-aged men in Korea. Methods: In total, 14,533 men aged 40-59 years were enrolled in 1993 and followed-up through 2011. CVHM defined the following lifestyles proposed by the AHA: smoking, physical activity, BMI, healthy diet score, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose. The CVHMs score was calculated as a single categorical variable, by assigning 1 point to each ideal healthy behavior vs. 0 points otherwise. All subjects were classified as meeting 0-7 CVHM. The principal outcome variables were all-cause and CVD mortality. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of cardiovascular health behavior, and CVHMs score. PARs were calculated from significant CVHMs. Results: During 266,482.8 person-years of follow-up, there were 1,314 deaths in total. Current smoking, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose were significantly associated with all-cause and CVD mortality. The adjusted PARs for the 3 significant metrics combined were 81% (95% CI, 50-94%) and 96% (66-99%) for all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. More ideal CVHM was significantly associated with lower risks of all-cause and CVD mortality ( p-trend<.0001 ). The adjusted HRs of the groups with 6-7 vs. 0-2 ideal CVHM were 0.49 (0.35-0.70) and 0.23 (0.10-0.57) for all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. Conclusions: Among ideal cardiovascular health behaviors, non-smoking, normal blood pressure, and recommended fasting blood glucose levels associated with reduced risks of all-cause and total CVD mortality. There was a strong trend towards decreased all-cause and CVD mortality risk with increasing the number of ideal CVHMs.

scholarly journals Legume Consumption and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Jinmeng Li ◽  
Yegen Shen ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Depu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background. Legume consumption is suggested to have protective effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the general population, but the results have been equivocal. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to assess the association between legume consumption and risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality. Methods and Results. Medline (via Ovid) and EMBASE (via Ovid) databases were searched through April 2017 to identify eligible studies. The two authors independently extracted the data and the adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using a random-effects model. A total of 6 studies were identified, including the sizes of participants ranging from 23,601 to 59,485 with a sum of 21,8997. Comparing the highest category with the lowest, the pooled RR (95% CI) was 0.96 (0.86–1.06) for CVD mortality and 0.93 (0.87–0.99) for all-cause mortality. Conclusions. Results from the current study show that high legume intakes are associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality. In consideration of the small number of studies, the evidence for assessing relationship between legumes intake and risk of all-cause mortality remains inclusive and warrants further study in the future. Further, consuming legumes does not increase the risk of CVD mortality.

Abstract P114: Low Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Andrew Petrone ◽  
Chad Blackshear ◽  
Michael Griswold ◽  
Jane Harman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Heart Study

Background: While the prevalence of cardiovascular health metrics or Life’s Simple Seven (LSS) has been shown to be far from optimal in the US, such information has been predominantly reported in Caucasians. The burden of cardiovascular disease among African Americans underscores the need to evaluate the prevalence and secular trends of LSS in other ethnic groups. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the prevalence of the LSS is far from ideal among participants of the Jackson Heart Study. Methods: We analyzed LSS with 3,500 African Americans from the Jackson Heart Study, using data from their first clinic visit (2000-2004). Standard methods were used to measure blood pressure, glucose, body mass index (BMI), and cholesterol. Information on physical activity, smoking, and diet was collected with interviewer-administered questionnaires. Each of the LSS metrics (smoking status, diet, physical activity, BMI, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and blood pressure) was categorized as poor, intermediate, or ideal, as defined by the AHA guidelines. Results: The mean age at baseline was 56.9 ± 12.2 years and 2,350 participants (67%) were women. Among men, the prevalence of having 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 ideal cardiovascular health metrics was 6.6%, 25.8%, 32.7%, 21.6%, 10.6%, 2.3%, 0.4%, and 0%, respectively. Corresponding values for women were 3.2%, 28.1%, 32.9%, 22.3%, 10.1%, 2.9%, 0.38%, and 0%. While about two-thirds of men and women reported ideal smoking status, almost none reported ideal diet quality, and few met recommendations for BMI and blood pressure ( Figure) . Conclusions: Our data are consistent with less than optimal prevalence of cardiovascular health metrics in both men and women from the Jackson Heart Study. The lower prevalence of meeting ideal recommendations for diet, physical activity, BMI, and blood pressure underscores the need for targeted interventions to improve these modifiable lifestyle factors in order to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease among African-Americans.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Strategies for Risk Factor Reduction, Prevention, and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Rippe
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
The Impact

Daily habits and actions powerfully affect the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), in general, and coronary heart disease, in particular. Regular physical activity, sound nutrition, weight management, and not smoking cigarettes have all been demonstrated to significantly reduce the risk of CVD. In 2 large cohort studies a reduction of risk of CVD of >80% and diabetes >90% were demonstrated in individuals who followed a cluster of these lifestyle practices. The study of the impact of lifestyle factors on CVD risk has coalesced under the framework of “lifestyle medicine.” Despite the overwhelming evidence that lifestyle factors affect CVD, a distinct minority of individuals are following these practices. The American Heart Association estimates that only 5% of individuals follow all of these lifestyle factors as components of a strategy to achieve “ideal” cardiovascular health. The challenge to the medical and health care communities is to more aggressively incorporate this information into the daily practices of medicine.

Ideal Cardiovascular Health Assessments and All-cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Enrique G. Artero ◽  
Duck-chul Lee ◽  
Vanesa España-Romero ◽  
Jonathan A. Mitchell ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Health Assessments

Abstract 381: Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Cardiovascular Disease: Heterogeneity Across Event Phenotype and Contribution of Multiple Biomarkers

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamba Gaye ◽  
Muriel Tafflet ◽  
Dominique Arveil ◽  
Frank Kee ◽  
Alun Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Aims: To investigate whether or not the association between baseline cardiovascular health (CVH) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) differs by event phenotypes and to address the mediating effect of inflammatory and haemostatic blood biomarkers. Methods: The association of ideal CVH with outcomes was computed in 9312 middle-aged men from Northern Ireland and France (whole cohort) in multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The mediating effect of baseline blood biomarkers was evaluated in a case control study nested within the cohort after 10 years of follow-up. Results: After a median follow-up of 10 years, 614 first CHD events and 117 first stroke events were adjudicated. Compared to those with poor CVH, those with an ideal CVH profile at baseline had a 72% lower risk of CHD (HR=0.28; 95% CI: 0.17; 0.46) and a 76% lower risk of stroke (HR=0.24; 95% CI: 0.06; 0.98). No heterogeneity was detected across main CHD and main stroke phenotypes. While significantly lower mean concentrations of hs-CRP, IL-6 (inflammatory markers), and fibrinogen, von Willbrandt factor (haemostatic factors) were noted in the controls with higher CVH status, the association of CVH with incident CHD was not attenuated upon adjustment for these biomarkers. Conclusion: these results support the universal promotion of ideal CVH for CVD in general and suggest that the lower risk of CHD associated with ideal CVH is independent from inflammatory and haemostatic biomarkers.

scholarly journals The Status of Cardiovascular Health in Rural and Urban Areas of Janów Lubelski District in Eastern Poland: A Population-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Nowicki ◽  
Barbara Ślusarska ◽  
Honorata Piasecka ◽  
Agnieszka Bartoszek ◽  
Katarzyna Kocka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health

Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) has been defined by the American Heart Association as the lack of cardiovascular disease and the presence of seven key factors and health behaviors. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of ideal and poor CVH among the Polish adult population based on the example of the inhabitants of Janów district in Lubelskie Voivodship, taking the chosen socio-demographic factors into consideration. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 3901 adults without cardiovascular diseases, aged between 35 and 64 years. Participants completed a questionnaire, and they had anthropometric and physiological measurements taken. Blood samples were analyzed for fasting glucose and cholesterol levels. Ideal CVH was found in 5.4% of the participants, with the advantage of being toward city dwellers over those living in the rural areas (6.3% vs. 5.0%) p = 0.02. In the case of the residents of rural areas, their likelihood of having an ideal body mass index (BMI) was found to be 22% lower (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.66–0.92), their likelihood of having an ideal diet was found to be 27% lower (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54–0.94), their likelihood of having perfect blood pressure was found to be 29% lower (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56–0.89), and their likelihood of having the perfect glucose levels was found to be 28% lower (OR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.63–0.84), than the residents of urban areas. The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular behaviors and factors is lower in the rural community compared with people living in the city. Results indicate that more effort should be dedicated toward the country’s health policy, specifically concerning primary prevention. Preventive actions in the field of cardiovascular disease should be addressed to the residents of rural areas to a larger extent.

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