Abstract 195: Nitro-Oleic Acid is a Dual Inhibitor of Nox1 and Nox2

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad Al Ghouleh ◽  
Daniel I Ranayhossaini ◽  
Francisco J Schopfer ◽  
Bruce A Freeman ◽  
Patrick J Pagano
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Dual Inhibitor ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Potassium Superoxide ◽  
Dependent Inhibition ◽  
Nox Family ◽  
Derivatives Of

Nitrated fatty acids (NFAs) are α,β-unsaturated keto derivatives of ω-3 fatty acids formed from redox reactions of nitric oxide and nitrite and have recently emerged as anti-inflammatory agents that act as electrophiles. NFAs activate Nrf2 and PPARγ signaling and inhibit NF-κB. Recent data suggest a role in inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This function however, remains largely unexplored. The Nox family of oxidases is a major source of ROS implicated in hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Here we postulate that the NFA nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO 2 ) specifically inhibits ROS production by the Nox1 and Nox2 oxidases. Treatment of canonical Nox1-expressing COS-7 cells with OA-NO 2 vs its oleic acid (OA) control resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of ROS production (101.5, 98.9, 91.7, 94.8, 54.2, and 45.5 % of vehicle treated groups for 0.1, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 μM OA-NO 2 , respectively), with an IC 50 of 6.5 μM. Treatment of phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated Nox2-expressing COS-7 cells yielded similar results (103.6, 106.6, 112.2, 102.1, 51.8 and 35.1 % vehicle treated groups for the same OA-NO 2 concentration range) with an IC 50 of 7.0 μM. Treatment with the same OA-NO 2 concentrations of Nox4- or Nox5-expressing COS-7 cells did not result in any inhibition. The effects of OA-NO 2 on Nox1 and Nox2 were unique to its electrophilic unsaturated keto structure, as OA (lacking NO 2 group), palmitic acid (lacking both double bond and NO 2 group) and linoleic acid (containing two cis double bonds) did not result in any inhibition, demonstrating that fatty acids other than NFAs are incapable of this inhibition. Moreover, experiments using potassium superoxide (O 2 •- ) ruled out any scavenging effects of OA-NO 2 on O 2 •- . Finally, 10 μM OA-NO 2 inhibited both angiotensin II (AngII)- and PMA-stimulated O 2 •- in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (4.4 ± 0.9, 10.8 ± 1.7 and 9.0 ± 2.5 in OA-treated vehicle, AngII and PMA groups vs. 5.8 ± 0.6, 5.7 ± 0.3 and 3.3 ± 1.0 pmol O 2 •- /min/mg protein in OA-NO 2 -treated vehicle, AngII and PMA groups, respectively). Taken together, these results identify NFAs as potent inhibitors of Nox1- and Nox2-derived ROS raising the possibility for their use as therapeutic agents to treat hypertension and other CVDs.

scholarly journals The fatty acids based organofunctional silane protective coatings for concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (341) ◽  
pp. e238
Author(s):  
K. Szubert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Water Permeation ◽  
Hydrophobic Character ◽  
Organofunctional Silanes ◽  
Oil Paints ◽  
Derivatives Of

The possibility of using free fatty acids for the synthesis of new organofunctional silanes is shown. In nature, fatty acids occur in the form of esters with glycerin (fats) and are widely used for production of soap, oil paints, medicines and cosmetics. Of particular interest in this study was the application of organosilicon derivatives of oleic acid for production of coating that would cover the surface of concrete and protect it from water permeation. As a result of proposed silanization, the concrete surface acquired hydrophobic character with the wetting angles up to 115°, and the concrete absorbability was reduced by up to 93%.

Fatty Acid and Tocochromanol Patterns of Some Salvia L. species

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyup Bagci ◽  
Mecit Vural ◽  
Tuncay Dirmenci ◽  
Ludger Bruehl ◽  
Kurt Aitzetmüllerd
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Total Tocopherol ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Plant Lipids ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

In the course of our investigations of new sources of higher plant lipids, seed fatty acid compositions and the tocochromanol contents of Salvia bracteata, S. euphratica var. euphratica, S. aucherii var. canascens, S. cryptantha, S. staminea, S. limbata, S. virgata, S. hypargeia, S. halophylla, S. syriaca and S. cilicica were investigated using GLC and HPLC systems. Some of the species are endemic to Turkey. All the Salvia sp. showed the same pattern of fatty acids. Linoleic, linolenic and oleic acid were found as the abundant components. Tocochromanol derivatives of the seed oil showed differences between Salvia species. γ-Tocopherol was the abundant component in most of the seed oils except of S. cilicica. The total tocopherol contents of the seed oils were determined to be more than the total of tocotrienols.

scholarly journals Nitro-Oleic Acid Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Formation and Plant Defense Signaling in Tomato Cell Suspensions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Arruebarrena Di Palma ◽  
Luciano M. Di Fino ◽  
Sonia R. Salvatore ◽  
Juan Martín D’Ambrosio ◽  
Gustavo Esteban Gergoff Grozeff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species

ABSTRACTNitrated fatty acids (NO2-FAs) are formed by the addition reaction of nitric oxide- and nitrite-derived nitrogen dioxide with unsaturated fatty acids. Nitrated fatty acids act as signaling molecules in mammals through the formation of covalent adducts with cellular thiols. The study of NO2-FAs in plant systems constitutes an interesting and emerging area. The presence of NO2-FA has been reported in olives, peas, rice and in Arabidopsis. To gain a better understanding of the role of NO2-FA on plant physiology, we analyzed the effects of exogenous application of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) to tomato cell cultures. We found that NO2-OA induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in a dose-dependent manner via activation of NADPH oxidases, which requires calcium entry from the extracellular compartment and protein kinase activation, a mechanism that resembles the plant defense responses. NO2-OA-induced ROS production, expression of plant defense genes and led to cell death. The mechanism of action of NO2-OA involves a reduction in the glutathione cellular pool and covalently addition reactions with protein thiols and reduced glutathione. Altogether, these results indicate that NO2-OA triggers responses associated with plant defense, revealing its possible role as a signal molecule in biotic stress.Abbreviations•NO2nitrogen dioxide•NOnitric oxideFAfatty acidGSHreduced glutathioneH2O2hydrogen peroxydeNO2-FAnitro fatty acidsNO2-Lnnitro-linolenic acidNO2-OAnitro-oleic acidOAoleic acidROSreactive oxygen species

Catanionic Organogelators Derived from D-Sorbitol and Natural Fatty Acids

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raluca Stan ◽  
Nicoleta Chira ◽  
Cristina Ott ◽  
Cristina Todasca ◽  
Emile Perez
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Hydroxystearic Acid ◽  
Derivatives Of

Several catanionic organogelators derived from 1,3 :2,4-bis-O-(p-aminobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol (p-NH2-DBS) and hydroxy derivatives of natural fatty acids were synthesized, characterized and their gelation ability was evaluated. SEM observations of the xerogels formed by association of 1,3 :2,4-bis-O-(p-aminobenzylidene)-D-sorbitol and 12-hydroxystearic acid showed important modifications in the morphology and depend upon the nature of solvent as compared with the xerogels formed by each individual organogelator.

Fatty Acid Data and Crop Surveys Indicate Sources of Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Populations and Suggest Strategies for Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrad R Prasifka ◽  
Beth Ferguson ◽  
James V Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Fatty Acid Data ◽  
Smicronyx Fulvus ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Abstract The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus L., is a univoltine seed-feeding pest of cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Artificial infestations of S. fulvus onto sunflowers with traditional (<25% oleic acid), mid-oleic (55–75%), or high oleic (>80%) fatty acid profiles were used to test if fatty acids could be used as natural markers to estimate the proportion of weevils developing on oilseed sunflowers rather than wild Helianthus spp. and confection (non-oil) types. Oleic acid (%) in S. fulvus confirmed the fatty acid compositions of mature larvae and weevil adults reflected their diets, making primary (oleic or linoleic) fatty acids feasible as natural markers for this crop-insect combination. Oleic acid in wild S. fulvus populations in North Dakota suggests at least 84 and 90% of adults originated from mid-oleic or high oleic sunflower hybrids in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Surveys in 2017 (n = 156 fields) and 2019 (n = 120 fields) extended information provided by S. fulvus fatty acid data; no significant spatial patterns of S. fulvus damage were detected in samples, damage to oilseed sunflowers was greater than confection (non-oil) types, and the majority of damage occurred in ≈10% of surveyed fields. Combined, data suggest a few unmanaged or mismanaged oilseed sunflower fields are responsible for producing most S. fulvus in an area. Improved management seems possible with a combination of grower education and expanded use of non-insecticidal tactics, including cultural practices and S. fulvus-resistant hybrids.

scholarly journals Insight into the Secondary Metabolites of Geum urbanum L. and Geum rivale L. Seeds (Rosaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Marek Bunse ◽  
Peter Lorenz ◽  
Florian C. Stintzing ◽  
Dietmar R. Kammerer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Geum Urbanum ◽  
Insight Into

The present study aimed at the identification and quantitation of phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and further characteristic substances in the seeds of Geum urbanum L. and Geum rivale L. For this purpose, individual components of extracts recovered with MeOH, CH2Cl2, and by cold-pressing, respectively, were characterized by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn and GC/MS and compared with reference compounds. For both Geum species, phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and gallic acid derivatives, and triterpenes, such as saponins and their aglycones, were detected. Surprisingly, both Geum species revealed the presence of derivatives of the triterpenoid aglycons asiatic acid and madecassic acid, which were characterized for the first time in the genus Geum. Furthermore, the fatty acids of both species were characterized by GC–MS after derivatization. Both species showed a promising fatty-acid profile in terms of nutritional properties because of high proportions of unsaturated fatty acids. Linoleic acid and linolenic acid were most abundant, among other compounds such as palmitic acid and stearic acid. In summary, the present study demonstrates the seeds of G. urbanum and G. rivale to be a valuable source of unsaturated fatty acids and bioactive phenolics, which might be exploited for nutritional and cosmetic products and for phytotherapeutic purposes.

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