Long‐Term PM
            2.5
            Exposure and Risks of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke Events: Review and Meta‐Analysis

Background Fine particulate matter <2.5 µm in diameter (PM 2.5 ) has known effects on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, no study has quantified and compared the risks of incident myocardial infarction, incident stroke, ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, and cerebrovascular mortality in relation to long‐term PM 2.5 exposure. Methods and Results We sought to quantitatively summarize studies of long‐term PM 2.5 exposure and risk of IHD and stroke events by conducting a review and meta‐analysis of studies published by December 31, 2019. The main outcomes were myocardial infarction, stroke, IHD mortality, and cerebrovascular mortality. Random effects meta‐analyses were used to estimate the combined risk of each outcome among studies. We reviewed 69 studies and included 42 studies in the meta‐analyses. In meta‐analyses, we found that a 10‐µg/m 3 increase in long‐term PM 2.5 exposure was associated with an increased risk of 23% for IHD mortality (95% CI, 15%–31%), 24% for cerebrovascular mortality (95% CI, 13%–36%), 13% for incident stroke (95% CI, 11%–15%), and 8% for incident myocardial infarction (95% CI, −1% to 18%). There were an insufficient number of studies of recurrent stroke and recurrent myocardial infarction to conduct meta‐analyses. Conclusions Long‐term PM 2.5 exposure is associated with increased risks of IHD mortality, cerebrovascular mortality, and incident stroke. The relationship with incident myocardial infarction is suggestive of increased risk but not conclusive. More research is needed to understand the relationship with recurrent events.

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Modern statin therapy in clinical practice: The lower the better

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1302104s ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 141 (1-2) ◽

pp. 104-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edita Stokic

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Statin Therapy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Coronary Events ◽

Risk Treatment

Lipid and lipoprotein disorders are well known risk factors for atherosclerosis and its complications. The level of atherogenic LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) is directly related to an increased risk of occurrence and progression of ischemic heart disease. Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that the use of statin therapy to decrease LDL-C can significantly reduce the incidence of mortality, major coronary events and the need for revascularization procedures in the different groups of patients. The findings of a large meta-analysis conducted by the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists? (CTT) collaborators showed that every 1.0 mmol/l reduction of atherogenic LDL-C is associated with a 22% reduction in cardiovascular diseases mortality and morbidity. However, despite the impressive results of the benefits of statin therapy, the EUROASPIRE study showed that about 50% of patients with ischemic heart disease did not achieve target LDL-C levels. According to the new ESC/EAS Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidaemias in patients with a very high cardiovascular risk, treatment goal should be to decrease LDL-C below 1.8 mmol/l or ?50% of initial values. In the majority of patients that can be achieved by statin therapy. For this reason an adequate choice of statins is of crucial importance, whereby the needed reduction in atherogenic LDL-C, after the identification of its target level based on the assessment of total cardiovascular risk, can be achieved.

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393Ischemic burden by vasodilator stress CMR predicts long-term all-cause death and the effect of revascularization in patients with known or suspected stable ischemic heart disease

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0099 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V Marcos Garces ◽

J Gavara ◽

C Rios-Navarro ◽

P Racugno ◽

A Bellver Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Vasodilator Stress ◽

Clinical Event ◽

Stable Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Late Enhancement Imaging ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Stress Cmr

Abstract Background In patients with stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD) the effect of revascularization on all-cause death (the most verifiable clinical event) is unknown. Objectives We explored the potential of the ischemic burden as derived from vasodilator stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to guide decision-making in this scenario. Methods In a large prospective multicenter registry, we recruited 6389 patients (mean age 65±11 years, 38% female) submitted to undergo vasodilator stress CMR for known or suspected SIHD. Baseline and CMR characteristics were prospectively recorded. The ischemic burden (at vasodilator stress first-pass perfusion imaging) and necrosis extent (at late enhancement imaging) were computed (17-segment model). The effect of CMR-related revascularization (within the following three months) on all-cause death (revised using the unified regional electronic health system registry) was explored. Results During a 5.75-year median follow-up, 717 (11.2%) all-cause deaths were documented. In multivariable analyses, more extensive ischemic burden (per 1-segment increase) independently related to all-cause death (1.05 [1.03–1.07], p<0.001). In 1034 patients (517 revascularized, 517 non-revascularized) strictly 1:1 matched for the independent predictors of outcome and of undergoing CMR-related revascularization (age, diabetes mellitus, male sex, LVEF, ischemic burden and necrosis extent), CMR-related revascularization did not significantly alter all-cause death rate (13.3% vs. 13.3%, p=0.54). Nevertheless, a potent interaction existed with the ischemic burden (p<0.001). CMR-related revascularization independently reduced the risk of all-cause death in 430 patients with ischemic burden >5 segments (9.3% vs. 16.3%, HR 0.56 [0.32–0.98], p=0.02) but it independently increased risk in 604 patients with ischemic burden ≤5 segments (16.2% vs. 11.3%, HR 1.59 [1.03–2.45], p=0.037). Figure 1. CMR-related revascularization Conclusions In patients with known or suspected stable ischemic heart disease the ischemic burden as derived from vasodilator stress CMR can be helpful to predict the effect of revascularization on long-term all-cause death. Acknowledgement/Funding Funded by “Instituto de Salud Carlos III”/FEDER (PIE15/00013, PI17/01836, and CIBERCV16/11/00486 grants) and Generalitat Valenciana (GV/2018/116).

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Preterm Birth and Subsequent Risk of Acute Childhood Leukemia: a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000447828 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 1229-1238 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Qi-tao Huang ◽

Yun-fei Gao ◽

Mei Zhong ◽

Yan-hong Yu

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Childhood Leukemia ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Subsequent Risk

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) has been recognized as a crucial long term risk factor for multiple non-communicable diseases. However, studies between the relationship of PTB and the risk of acute childhood leukemia have yielded inconclusive results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically review the current literature to investigate whether PTB is associated with increased risk of acute childhood leukemia. Methods: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE) were searched up to December 1st, 2015. Relevant studies reporting the association between PTB and subsequent risk of acute childhood leukemia were included for further evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using Revmen 5.3 and Stata 10.0. Results: A total of 12 studies for acute childhood leukemia, eight studies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and seven studies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were included in the current meta-analyses. We calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the relationship between PTB and acute childhood leukemia as well as its two subtypes: ALL and AML. Our results suggested that PTB was significantly associated with increased risk of acute childhood leukemia (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.02-1.17, P = 0.01) and AML (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.21-1.67, P < 0.01). However, PTB was not significantly associated with an increased risk of ALL (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.96-1.13, P = 0.29). Conclusion: Our data showed that PTB increased the risk of AML. Further studies are required to explore causality and dissect the biological mechanisms involved.

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LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS ON THE COURSE OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE IN PATIENTS AFTER ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT THE BACKGROUND OF MULTIPLE-VESSEL LESION CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION ◽

10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-32-37 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 32-37

Author(s):

M. N. Sin’kova ◽

T. V. Pepelyaeva ◽

L. K. Isakov ◽

N. I. Tarasov ◽

A. T. Teplyakov

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Primary Pci ◽

Omega 3 ◽

St Elevation

Currently there is enough evidence for that the use of omega-3-faty acids compounds in ischemic heart disease is followed by the decrease of mortality, and the efficacy of this usage in multivessel coronary lesions after primary percutaneous intervention (PCI) has not been studied.Aim.To evaluate the efficacy of long-term intake of the omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids compounds on the course of ischemic heart disease at the background of multiple coronary lesion after primary PCI.Material and methods.Totally 101 patient included at the age of 35-70 y.o., who had underwent primary PCI for the myocardial infarction with ST elevation and multiple vessel lesion of coronary arteries. The patients were selected into 2 groups: 1 group (n=68) — conservative tactics with the standard pharmacotherapy; 2nd group (n=33) — Omacor was added to the standard therapy.Results.In 36 months of follow-up in the Omacor group there was significant decrease of repeated myocardial infarctions, decompensating heart failure, angina progression and rhythm disorders. In 2nd group patients during the 36-month follow-up a better antiischemic effect achieved with 80,9% decrease of angina from the baseline (p<0,047) and by 27,6% of the heart failure severity. The increase of exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walking test during 36 months was the highest in the 2nd group — by 65%.Conclusion.Long-term prescription of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in ST elevation myocardial infarction with multiple vessel coronary lesions after primary PCI leads to the improvement of clinical condition, which then leads to the increase of exercise tolerance and better life quality.

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Interaction Between Smoking and Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of the VEGFA Gene Is Associated with Ischemic Heart Disease and Myocardial Infarction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.101095 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 802-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

YING CHEN ◽

PETER T. DAWES ◽

JONATHAN C. PACKHAM ◽

DEREK L. MATTEY

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Promoter Region ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Smoking History ◽

Strong Linkage Disequilibrium ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Vegfa Gene

Objective.To determine whether variants in the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene are associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and/or myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and whether there is evidence of a gene-smoking interaction.Methods.PCR-RFLP assays were used to determine the genotypes of VEGFA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) including VEGFA–2578A/C (rs699947), −460C/T (rs833061), +405C/G (rs2010963), and +936C/T (rs3025039) in 418 subjects with RA. Smoking history was obtained on each patient, and IHD and MI status was recorded. Associations with IHD/MI were assessed using contingency tables and logistic regression analyses.Results.Strong linkage disequilibrium was detected among VEGFA–2578, −460, and +405. SNP located in the VEGFA promoter region (−2578, −460) were found to be associated with IHD and MI, whereas +405 and +936, in the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) and 3′-UTR, respectively, were not. Haplotype analysis suggested that the A/C/G haplotype was associated with increased risk of IHD (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.22–4.62) and MI (OR 4.10, 95% CI 1.45–11.49). Smoking was also independently associated with IHD and MI, and evidence of interaction between smoking and the VEGFA promoter SNP was found. Multivariate analyses indicated that the strongest associations with IHD and MI were due to the combined effect of the VEGFA–2578 A allele and smoking (OR 3.52 and 7.11, respectively), independent of risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes, C-reactive protein, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension.Conclusion.Interaction between smoking and polymorphism in the VEGFA gene is associated with IHD and MI in patients with RA.

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Low serum carotene level and increased risk of ischemic heart disease related to long-term arsenic exposure

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(98)00178-6 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 141 (2) ◽

pp. 249-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

Yu-Mei Hsueh ◽

Wen-Lin Wu ◽

Ya-Li Huang ◽

Hung-Yi Chiou ◽

Chin-Hsiao Tseng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Arsenic Exposure ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Low Serum

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Increased risk of ischemic heart disease and diabetes in inflammatory bowel disease

Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie ◽

10.1055/a-1283-6966 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhihui Li ◽

Lili Qiao ◽

Xiaojing Yun ◽

Fangjuan Du ◽

Shilei Xing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Previous studies showed inconsistent results regarding associations between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and diabetes. The present study aimed to make a meta-analysis to assess the risk of IHD and diabetes in IBD. Methods We searched for articles published before February 2020 in the databases as follows: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. We computed odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) regarding the association between IBD and risk of IHD or diabetes by using STATA 13.0 software. Results The present meta-analysis showed that IBD was associated with higher risk of IHD (OR/RR = 1.26, 95 % CI 1.20 to 1.32, I2 = 88.3 %, p < 0.0001). Additionally, both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) were associated with higher risk of IHD (UC: OR/RR = 1.19, 95 % CI 1.13 to 1.26, I2 = 65.6 %, p = 0.001; CD: OR/RR = 1.33, 95 % CI 1.17 to 1.51, I2 = 89.5 %, p < 0.0001). The study showed that IBD was associated with elevated risk of diabetes (OR/RR = 1.26, 95 % CI 1.03 to 1.53, I2 = 92.1 %, I2 = 92.1 %, p < 0.0001). Additionally, both UC and CD were associated with higher risk of diabetes (UC: OR/RR = 1.33, 95 % CI 1.03 to 1.71, I2 = 93.8 %, p < 0.0001; CD: OR/RR = 1.39, 95 % CI 1.10 to 1.76, I2 = 76.7 %, p = 0.002). Conclusion In conclusion, patients with IBD are at increased risk of IHD and diabetes. Thus, regular monitoring of biomarkers of IHD and blood glucose levels should be considered for the early detection of IHD and diabetes in IBD patients.

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Evaluation of the relationship between concentration of endothelin-1 and magnesium in the blood and the severity of ischemic heart disease

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17750/kmj2016-492 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 492-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R F Abdullayev ◽

A B Bakhshaliev ◽

A D Gulieva ◽

R R Huseynzade

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Stable Angina ◽

Functional Class ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Control Group ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

The Relationship

Aim. To study the relationship between concentrations of endothelin-1 and magnesium in blood depending on functional class and old myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina.Methods. The study included 58 patients with ischemic heart disease, II and III functional class stable angina. 19 of these patients suffered a myocardial infarction in the past. The control group consisted of 25 healthy volunteers. Endothelin-1 level in blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay, the concentration of magnesium by colorimetric method.Results.Endothelin-1 level in the general group of patients with stable angina was 1.28±0.23 fmol/ml and was significantly higher than that of control group (0.52±0.13 fmol/ml, pConclusion. In patients with II-III functional class stable angina statistically significant increase in level of endothelin-1 and a decrease in the concentration of magnesium in blood serum compared with the control group was revealed; a negative correlation between endothelin-1 and magnesium levels in the blood, which is characterized by increasing the degree of correlation depending on the severity of the ischemic heart disease clinical form was established.

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Abstract 9690: Does Testosterone Therapy Increase Risk of Cardiovascular Event Among Men? A Meta-Analysis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.9690 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

nader makki ◽

Wassef Karrowni ◽

Wassef Karrowni

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Ischemic Heart Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Industry Funding ◽

Testosterone Therapy ◽

Increased Risk ◽

All Cause Mortality

Background: Testosterone therapy has been increasingly promoted and prescribed over the past decade. However, there is rising concern about its safety, and randomized data adequately powered to assess its effect on cardiovascular outcomes is not available. Aim: We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of published randomized and observational studies to examine the overall risk of cardiovascular events associated with testosterone therapy. Methods: We searched Medline (1966-2014), Embase (1966-2014), and Cochrane central (2000-2014). Data was collected and analyzed using random and fixed effect model, as appropriate, with inverse variance weighting. Results: Of 2,800 studies identified, 34 were eligible including 76,270 patients with a mean follow up of 11.7 months. Testosterone therapy was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events (adjusted HR=1.41, 95% CI = 1.18-1.70, p<0.05), all-cause mortality (adjusted HR=1.51, 95% CI = 1.05-2.18, p<0.05), and ischemic heart disease (adjusted HR=1.32, 95% CI = 1.11-1.57, p<0.05), but not cerebrovascular events (adjusted HR=1.22, 95% CI = 0.98-1.53, p=0.08). Using meta-regression and sensitivity analyses to account for factors such as baseline cardiovascular disease, timing of testosterone collection, and industry funding did not change the results of our main analysis. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that testosterone therapy may be associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and ischemic heart disease.

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