Abstract WMP49: The Impact of Age vs. Age-Related Comorbidities on White Matter Hyperintensity Volume

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S King ◽  
Ronald M Peshock ◽  
Roderick M McColl ◽  
Colby Ayers ◽  
Sandeep R Das
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Dallas Heart Study ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: White matter hyperintensity (WMH) at MRIis a marker of cerebral microvascular disease and confers risk for cognitive impairment. The strongest determinant of WMH volume is age, but the extent to which this is explained by age related abnormalities comorbidities is unclear. Using data from the large, multi-ethnic Dallas Heart Study (DHS), we compared age related differences in WMH volume in the overall DHS cohort to a subset without obesity, diabetes, or hypertension. Methods: Automated WMH volumes for 2,011 DHS participants were acquired from 3T MRI. The impact of aging on WMH volume independent of comorbidities was quantified in a subset of 218 DHS participants without obesity, diabetes, or hypertension. The impact of comorbidities in the overall cohort was then quantified by subtracting the mean age-specific WMH volumes of the healthy group from the overall cohort and evaluating the association of these normalized values with age using linear regression. To assess the possibility of a threshold effect, data were modeled using cubic splines. Results: In the healthy cohort, WMH volume was correlated with age (p<0.001) with modest explanatory power (r 2 =0.12). The explanatory power of age in the overall cohort was higher (r 2 =0.22) and since a spline fit showed a threshold effect at age 55 (p<0.001), the analysis was stratified at that point. Using normalized data, there was no association between age and WMH volumes prior to age 55 (p=0.3), while WMH volume increased with age after that point (p<0.001), see attached figure. Conclusions: In this large, multi-ethnic cohort, after accounting for the modest baseline association between age and WMH volume seen in healthy subjects, we characterize the relation between age and WMH volume that reflects the impact of comorbid obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. The observed threshold effect suggests that these comorbidites have little impact on WMH volume prior to age 55, but likely play a significant role above that age.

scholarly journals Alterations in Diffusion Measures of White Matter Integrity Associated with Healthy Aging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara J Molloy ◽  
Sinead Nugent ◽  
Arun L W Bokde
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
B Value ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Normal Appearing White Matter ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aimed to characterize age-related white matter changes by evaluating patterns of overlap between the linear association of age with fractional anisotropy (FA) with mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Specifically, we assessed patterns of overlap between diffusion measures of normal appearing white matter by covarying for white matter hyperintensity (WMH) load, as WMHs are thought to increase with age and impact diffusion measures. Seventy-nine healthy adults aged between 18 and 75 years took part in the study. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were based on 61 directions acquired with a b-value of 2,000. We found five main patterns of overlap: FA alone (15.95%); FA and RD (31.90%); FA and AD (12.99%); FA, RD, and AD (27.93%); and FA, RD, and MD (8.79%). We showed that cognitively healthy aging adults had low WMH load, which subsequently had minimal effect on diffusion measures. We discuss how patterns of overlap may reflect underlying biological changes observed with aging such as loss of myelination, axonal damage, as well as mild microstructural and chronic white matter impairments. This study contributes to understanding the underlying causes of degeneration in specific regions of the brain and highlights the importance of considering the impact of WMHs in aging studies of white matter.

P3-172: Severity of age-related white matter hyperintensity associated with obesity, hypertension and executive dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S_Part_14) ◽  
pp. P512-P512
Author(s):  
Deidre Devier ◽  
Jessica Shields ◽  
Katherine Smith ◽  
Lynn Eckhardt ◽  
Anne Foundas
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

scholarly journals The Impact of Work Characteristics on Social Distancing: Implications at the Time of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5074
Author(s):  
Keisuke Kokubun ◽  
Yoshinori Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to spread globally. While social distancing has attracted attention as a measure to prevent the spread of infection, some occupations find it difficult to implement. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between work characteristics and social distancing using data available on O*NET, an occupational information site. A total of eight factors were extracted by performing an exploratory factor analysis: work conditions, supervisory work, information processing, response to aggression, specialization, autonomy, interaction outside the organization, and interdependence. A multiple regression analysis showed that interdependence, response to aggression, and interaction outside the organization, which are categorized as ”social characteristics,” and information processing and specialization, which are categorized as “knowledge characteristics,” were associated with physical proximity. Furthermore, we added customer, which represents contact with the customer, and remote working, which represents a small amount of outdoor activity, to our multiple regression model, and confirmed that they increased the explanatory power of the model. This suggests that those who work under interdependence, face aggression, and engage in outside activities, and/or have frequent contact with customers, little interaction outside the organization, and little information processing will have the most difficulty in maintaining social distancing.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging Anomalies in Community-Dwelling Asymptomatic Adults With Very Early-Stage White Matter Hyperintensity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Guan ◽  
Xiangyu Kong ◽  
Shifei Duan ◽  
Qingguo Ren ◽  
Zhaodi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Comparative Results

White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is common in healthy adults in their 60s and can be seen as early as in their 30s and 40s. Alterations in the brain structural and functional profiles in adults with WMH have been repeatedly studied but with a focus on late-stage WMH. To date, structural and functional MRI profiles during the very early stage of WMH remain largely unexplored. To address this, we investigated multimodal MRI (structural, diffusion, and resting-state functional MRI) profiles of community-dwelling asymptomatic adults with very early-stage WMH relative to age-, sex-, and education-matched non-WMH controls. The comparative results showed significant age-related and age-independent changes in structural MRI-based morphometric measures and resting-state fMRI-based measures in a set of specific gray matter (GM) regions but no global white matter changes. The observed structural and functional anomalies in specific GM regions in community-dwelling asymptomatic adults with very early-stage WMH provide novel data regarding very early-stage WMH and enhance understanding of the pathogenesis of WMH.

scholarly journals Frontal White Matter Hyperintensity Is Associated with Verbal Aggressiveness in Elderly Women with Alzheimer Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Ogama ◽  
Takashi Sakurai ◽  
Naoki Saji ◽  
Toshiharu Nakai ◽  
Shumpei Niida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aims: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are exhibited in most patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Although white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is often observed with AD, the precise role of WMH in BPSD remains unclear. The current study aimed to identify the impact of regional WMH on specific features of BPSD in persons with mild to moderate AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: A sample of 256 female outpatients with AD (n = 217) and aMCI (n = 39) were recruited. We assessed BPSD using the Dementia Behavior Disturbance Scale. WMH and brain atrophy were evaluated using an automatic segmentation program. Regional WMH was evaluated as periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) and deep WMH in frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes. Results: Whole-brain WMH was associated with verbal aggressiveness. In multivariate analysis, PVH in the frontal lobe was independently associated with verbal aggressiveness after adjustment for brain atrophy and clinical confounders. Conclusion: The current results indicated that PVH in the frontal lobe was independently associated with verbal aggressiveness.

scholarly journals Age-related macular degeneration affects the optic radiation white matter projecting to locations of retinal damage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoyo Yoshimine ◽  
Shumpei Ogawa ◽  
Hiroshi Horiguchi ◽  
Masahiko Terao ◽  
Atsushi Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Optic Radiation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Damage ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTPurposeWe investigated the impact of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on visual acuity and the visual white matter.MethodsWe combined an adaptive cortical atlas and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and tractography to separate optic radiation (OR) projections to different retinal eccentricities in human primary visual cortex. We exploited the known anatomical organization of the OR and clinically relevant data to segment the OR into three primary components projecting to fovea, mid- and far-periphery. We measured white matter tissue properties – (fractional anisotropy, linearity, planarity, sphericity) along the aforementioned three components of the optic radiation to compare AMD patients and controls.ResultsWe found differences in white matter properties specific to OR white matter fascicles projecting to primary visual cortex locations corresponding to the location of retinal damage (fovea). Additionally, we show that the magnitude of white matter properties in AMD patients’ correlates with visual acuity. In sum, we demonstrate a specific relation between visual loss, anatomical location of retinal damage and white matter damage in AMD patients. Importantly, we demonstrate that these changes are so profound that can be detected using magnetic resonance imaging data with clinical resolution. The conserved mapping between retinal and white matter damage suggests that retinal neurodegeneration might be a primary cause of white matter degeneration in AMD patients.ConclusionsThe results highlight the impact of eye disease on brain tissue, a process that may become an important target to monitor during the course of treatment.

scholarly journals Life Course Pathways From Childhood SES to Age-Related Declines in Kidney Function Across Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 832-832
Author(s):  
Agus Surachman ◽  
Alexis Santos ◽  
Jonathan Daw ◽  
Lacy Alexander ◽  
Christopher Coe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Age is a strong predictor of declines in kidney function across adulthood. Using data from 2,045 adults (ages 25-84) in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, we examined the life course pathways through which low parental education, through adult SES and body mass index (BMI), was associated with faster age-related declines in kidney function. Kidney function declines by 0.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year across adulthood. Lower parental education, through adult SES and BMI, was associated with higher kidney function among younger adults (Est = -1.61, SE = 0.62, 95%CI = -2.62, -0.60), but lower kidney function among older adults (Est = 0.93, SE = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.11, 1.79). The impact of early socioeconomic adversity on kidney function is initiated by kidney hyperfiltration in early adulthood and followed by faster declines and development into disease state in later adulthood.

scholarly journals Cerebral Hemodynamics in Normal Aging: Central Artery Stiffness, Wave Reflection, and Pressure Pulsatility

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tarumi ◽  
Muhammad Ayaz Khan ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Benjamin M Tseng ◽  
Rosemary Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Reflection ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Arterial Aging ◽  
The Impact

Blood ejected from the left ventricle perfuses the brain via central elastic arteries, which stiffen with advancing age and may elevate the risk of end-organ damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of central arterial aging on cerebral hemodynamics. Eighty-three healthy participants aged 22 to 80 years underwent the measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CBF velocity (CBFV) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transcranial Doppler, respectively. The CBF pulsatility was determined by the relative amplitude of CBFV to the mean value (CBFV%). Central arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity), wave reflection (carotid augmentation index), and pressure were measured using applanation tonometry. Total volume of white-matter hyperintensity (WMH) was quantified from MR images. Total CBF decreased with age while systolic and pulsatile CBFV% increased and diastolic CBFV% decreased. Women showed greater total CBF and lower cerebrovascular resistance than men. Diastolic CBFV% was lower in women than in men. Age- and sex-related differences in CBF pulsatility were independently associated with carotid pulse pressure and arterial wave reflection. In older participants, higher pulsatility of CBF was associated with the greater total volume of WMH. These findings indicate that central arterial aging has an important role in age-related differences in cerebral hemodynamics.

scholarly journals White matter hyperintensities associated with small vessel disease impair social cognition beside attention and memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Kynast ◽  
Leonie Lampe ◽  
Tobias Luck ◽  
Stefan Frisch ◽  
Katrin Arelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Age-related white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a manifestation of white matter damage seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). They are related to vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment. This study investigated the cognitive profile at different stages of WMH in a large community-dwelling sample; 849 subjects aged 21 to 79 years were classified on the 4-stage Fazekas scale according to hyperintense lesions seen on individual T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI scans. The evaluation of cognitive functioning included seven domains of cognitive performance and five domains of subjective impairment, as proposed by the DSM-5. For the first time, the impact of age-related WMH on Theory of Mind was investigated. Differences between Fazekas groups were analyzed non-parametrically and effect sizes were computed. Effect sizes revealed a slight overall cognitive decline in Fazekas groups 1 and 2 relative to healthy subjects. Fazekas group 3 presented substantial decline in social cognition, attention and memory, although characterized by a high inter-individual variability. WMH groups reported subjective cognitive decline. We demonstrate that extensive WMH are associated with specific impairment in attention, memory, social cognition, and subjective cognitive performance. The detailed neuropsychological characterization of WMH offers new therapeutic possibilities for those affected by vascular cognitive decline.

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