Abstract TMP81: Regional, Race-Ethnic and Sex Disparities in Lifestyle Interventions: Data from the Florida Puerto Rico Collaboration to Reduce Stroke Disparities (FL-PR CReSD) Study - the NINDS Stroke Prevention Intervention Research Program

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A Ciliberti-Vargas ◽  
Kefeng Wang ◽  
Sofia Oluwole ◽  
Erika Marulanda-Londoño ◽  
Maranatha Ayodele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Diet Counseling ◽  
To Receive

Background: As key components of the AHA Life’s Simple 7 campaign, lifestyle modifications play an integral role in the prevention of vascular disease. Little is known about the prevalence of lifestyle modification counseling in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We sought to investigate disparities in the delivery of lifestyle interventions to AIS patients in the large NINDS-funded FL-PR CReSD Registry of Get With The Guidelines-Stroke (GWTG-S) data. Methods: GWTG-S collects data on the provision of several lifestyle interventions including counseling on exercise/weight loss, Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet, diabetes (DM) education and antihypertensive (low sodium) diet. 80,598 AIS cases were prospectively included from 82 sites (69 FL; 13 PR) from 2010-2016. Multilevel logistic regression models adjusted for age, race, and aphasia were used to evaluate differences in the provision of lifestyle interventions as indicated for patients prior to hospital discharge. Results: Among AIS cases, 51% were men, 62% non-Hispanic White (NHW), 18% NH-Black (NHB), 13% FL-Hispanic (FLH), and 6% PR-Hispanic (PRH). Mean age was 71±14 years. The highest mean BMI was in PRH (29±7 kg/m 2 ), with the lowest in NHW (27±6 kg/m 2 ) and FLH (28±6 kg/m 2 ). Despite this, PRH were less likely to receive exercise/weight loss counseling compared to NHW (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20-0.90) and FLH (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22-0.97). PRH also had lower odds of receiving TLC diet counseling compared to NHW and FLH (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15-0.68). Though NHB presented with higher rates of DM compared to NHW (38% vs. 25%), they were less likely to receive DM education (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99). Women were less likely to receive TLC diet counseling (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.98) and DM education (OR 0.94, CI 0.92-0.97) compared to men. Despite higher HTN frequency in women and NHB (67% and 69%), both were less likely to receive low sodium diet recommendations as compared to men (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.92-0.97) and NHW (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91-0.99). Conclusion: Overall, disparities were identified in the provision of several lifestyle interventions in AIS patients. These interventions can benefit all and providers should continue counseling patients regarding modifiable risk factors to prevent future stroke.

Fad Diets: Dietary Dilemmas, Predicaments, and Recommendations for its Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1380
Author(s):  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Prasad Rasane ◽  
Vidisha Tomer ◽  
Sawinder Kaur ◽  
Yogesh Gat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Extra Weight

The health issues, mainly overweight and obesity are the growing concerns nowadays due to the associated factors and lifestyle changes which significantly have increased the individual’s health care expenditures. Fad diets are promoted as the easiest and simplest way of shedding the extra weight despite the availability of several treatments available. The prevention and treatment measures, including modification in lifestyle, dietary pattern, and physical activity, are the foundation of weight loss. However, the standard treatment measures are not effective for certain populations as they require long time adherence, which leads to the search for other approaches like fad diet. We steered a comprehensive literature review to present the facts related to fad diets to their efficacy and sustainability. Although fad diets have yielded tremendous positive results in weight loss and cardiovascular risk prevention, the studies reported death in long-term interventions and the results and some of them show side effects too. Randomized controlled trials have significantly reported weight loss in comparison with the popular fad diets; however, persisting on the same diet has also reported kidney problems, ketosis, and other metabolic related problems. The conclusion of this critical review reported that gradual weight loss could be attained by the combination of lifestyle modifications, physical activity, and recommended dietary approaches.

Time for a Renewed Focus on the DASH-Low Sodium Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
pp. 2635-2637
Author(s):  
Neha J. Pagidipati ◽  
Laura P. Svetkey
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium

Taste Perception in Three Individuals on a Low Sodium Diet

Appetite ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Bertino ◽  
G.K. Beauchamp ◽  
D.R. Riskey ◽  
K. Engelman
Keyword(s):  
Taste Perception ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium

Abstract P136: Healthier Personal Habits Of Primary Care Physicians Increase The Likelihood Of Their Recommending Lifestyle Modifications For Their Hypertensive Patients That Are Consistent With The National Guidelines

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Y Hung ◽  
Nora L Keenan ◽  
Jing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors

Introduction: The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VII) recommended lifestyle interventions, either with or without pharmacologic treatment, for all patients with high blood pressure. The objective of this study is to determine the association of physicians’ personal habits with their attitudes and behaviors regarding JNC VII lifestyle modification guidelines. Hypothesis: Primary care physicians who have healthier habits, as defined by eating more cups of fruits and/or vegetables, exercising more frequently, and/or not smoking, would be more likely to recommend lifestyle interventions consistent with JNC VII than their counterparts who have less healthy habits. Methods: One thousand primary care physicians completed DocStyles 2010, a voluntary web-based survey designed to provide insight into physician attitudes and behaviors regarding various health issues. Results: The respondents’ average age was 45.3 years and 68.5% (685 of 1000) were male. In regards to physician behavior, 4.0% (40 of 1000) smoked at least once a week, 38.6% (386 of 1000) ate ≥5 cups of fruits and/or vegetables ≥5 days/week, and 27.4% (274 of 1000) exercised ≥5 days/week. When asked about specific types of advice offered to their hypertensive patients, physicians reported recommending that their patients eat a healthy diet (922 of 1000), or cut down on salt (961 of 1000), or attain or maintain a healthy weight (948 of 1000), or limit the use of alcohol (754 of 1000), or be physically active (944 of 1000). Collectively, 66.5% (665 of 1000) made all 5 lifestyle modification recommendations. Physicians who were between 40 - 49 years old were 1.6 times as likely of making all 5 lifestyle recommendations compared with those who were under 40 years. Additionally, those who exercised at least once per week or did not actively smoke were approximately twice as likely to recommend these interventions. Conclusions: The probability of recommending all five lifestyle modifications increased with both the physician exercising at least once per week and not having smoked.

Abstract 17541: An Education Intervention Focused on Self-monitoring for Symptom and Sodium Intake Improves Adherence to the Low Sodium Diet and Health Outcome in Patients with Heart Failure

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Kyeung Song ◽  
Debra K Moser ◽  
Seok-Min Kang ◽  
Terry A Lennie
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Background: Despite the clinical emphasis on recommending a low sodium diet (LSD), adherence to a LSD remains poor in patients with heart failure (HF). Additional research is needed to determine successful interventions to improve adherence to a LSD and health outcomes. Purpose: To determine the effect of an education intervention on adherence to a LSD and health outcomes. Method: A total of 109 HF patients (age 64±9 years, 29% female) who were non-adherent to LSD, indicating > 3g of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (24hr UNa) at baseline, were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: 1) symptom monitoring and restricted 3 gram sodium diet (SMART) group, 2) the telephone monitoring (TM) group, or 3) usual care control group. The SMART group received individualized teaching and guidance of self-monitoring for worsening symptom and sodium intake using symptom and food diary for 4 sessions over 8 weeks. Patients assigned to either of the 2 intervention groups (SMART or TM) received phone calls every 2 weeks over 8 weeks. At 6 months follow-up, adherence to a LSD was assessed using 24hr UNa. Patients were followed for 1 year to determine time to first event of hospitalization or death due to cardiac problems. Repeated measures ANOVA and Cox regression were used to determine the effect of intervention. Results: The SMART group (n=37) showed a significant reduction in sodium intake across time compared to the TM group (n=35) and control group (n=37) (p= .022). In the Cox regression, patients in the SMART group had longer cardiac event-free survival compared to the control group after controlling for age, gender, ejection fraction, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use, and better blocker use (p=.008). Conclusion: An education intervention focused on self-monitoring for symptom and sodium intake improved adherence to LSD and health outcomes in patients with HF. Helping patients engage in self-monitoring for symptom and sodium intake by themselves can promote better health outcome.

Role of brain serotonergic pathways and hypothalamus in regulation of renin secretion

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. R179-R185
Author(s):  
E. Gotoh ◽  
K. Murakami ◽  
T. D. Bahnson ◽  
W. F. Ganong
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Dorsal Raphe ◽  
Raphe Nucleus ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Dorsal Raphé

To investigate the role of brain serotonergic neurons in the regulation of renin secretion, we measured changes in plasma renin activity (PRA), and, in some instances, plasma renin concentration (PRC), plasma angiotensinogen, and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in rats with lesions of the dorsal raphe nucleus and lesions of the paraventricular nuclei, dorsomedial nuclei, and ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus. We also investigated the effects of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA), immobilization, head-up tilt, and a low-sodium diet in the rats with dorsal raphe, paraventricular, and dorsomedial lesions. Lesions of the dorsal raphe nucleus abolished the increase in PRA produced by PCA but had no effect on the increase produced by immobilization, head-up tilt, and a low-sodium diet. Paraventricular lesions, which abolish the increase in plasma ACTH produced by PCA, immobilization, and head-up tilt, decreased plasma angiotensinogen. The paraventricular lesions abolished the PRA and the PRC responses to PCA and the PRA but not PRC response to immobilization, head-up tilt, and a low-sodium diet. The ventromedial lesions abolished the PRA and PRC responses to PCA and did not reduce plasma angiotensinogen. The data suggest that paraventricular lesions depress angiotensinogen production by the liver and that the paraventricular and ventromedial nuclei are part of the pathway by which serotonergic discharges increase renin secretion. They also suggest that the serotonergic pathway does mediate the increases in renin secretion produced by immobilization, head-up tilt, and a low-sodium diet.

scholarly journals Management of Hypertension: A Bangladeshi Perspective

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
SM Mustafa Zaman ◽  
Mohammad Salman ◽  
Kaniz Fatema
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications

Hypertension is a silent killer. Bangladeshis are racially predisposed to cardiovascular disease, and the increasing burden of hypertension has only added to the problem. Economic constraints and the allure of additional benefits without adverse effects have made lifestyle modifications an attractive proposition in developing and developed countries alike. Blood pressure is a continuum and any increase above optimum level confers additional independent risk of cardiovascular disease. We review screening, diagnosis and management using lifestyle measures and pharmacotherapy. We then discuss the barriers and challenges to implementing this approach and what can be done regarding prevention, screening, lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy in our country. By adopting a comprehensive population based approach including policy level interventions directed at promoting lifestyle changes; a healthy diet (appropriate calories, low in saturated fats and salt and rich in fruits and vegetables), increased physical activity, and a smoking free society, properly balanced with a high risk approach of cost effective clinical care, Bangladesh can effectively control hypertension and improve public health. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v39i1.6232 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2010; 39(1): 40-43

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