scholarly journals Mediterranean Diet Reduces Risk of Incident Stroke in a Population With Varying Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profiles

Stroke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2415-2420
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Paterson ◽  
Phyo K. Myint ◽  
Amy Jennings ◽  
Lucy K.M. Bain ◽  
Marleen A.H. Lentjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
First Time

Background and Purpose— Although some evidence has found that the Mediterranean diet (MD) is protective for stroke risk, few studies have investigated whether this relationship differs by sex or cardiovascular disease risk. Methods— We investigated the relationship between adherence to the MD score, estimated using 7-day dietary diaries and risk of incident stroke in an observational prospective population-based cohort study of 23 232 men and women (54.5% women) aged 40 to 77 years who participated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer study in Norfolk, United Kingdom. Risk of incident stroke was calculated using multivariable Cox regression, in the whole population, and also stratified by sex and cardiovascular disease risk profile, using the Framingham risk score. Results— During 17.0 years of follow-up (395 048 total person-years), 2009 incident strokes occurred. Risk of stroke was significantly reduced with greater adherence to the MD score (quartile 4 versus quartile 1 hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74–0.94; P -trend <0.01) in the whole population and in women (quartile 4 versus quartile 1 HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65, 0.93; P -trend <0.01) but not in men (quartile 4 versus quartile 1 HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.79–1.12; P -trend =0.55). There was reduced risk of stroke in those at high risk of cardiovascular disease and across categories of the MD score (quartile 4 versus quartile 1 HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76–0.99; P -trend =0.04). However, this was driven by the associations in women (quartile 4 versus quartile 1 HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65–0.97; P -trend =0.02). Conclusions— Greater adherence to the MD was associated with lower risk of stroke in a UK white population. For the first time in the literature, we also investigated the associations between the MD score in those at both low and high risk of cardiovascular disease. Although the findings in our study were driven by the associations in women, they have implications for the general public and clinicians for prevention of stroke.

scholarly journals Adherence to Mediterranean diet has a mediating effect inflammation as regards cardiovascular disease risk: The 10-year (2002-12) follow-up of ATTICA study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekavi N. Georgoysopoulou ◽  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Christos Pitsavos ◽  
Aikaterini Kalogeropoulou ◽  
Maria Ntertimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Mediating Effect

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease risk assessment in patients with familial Mediterranean fever related renal amyloidosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micol Romano ◽  
David Piskin ◽  
Roberta A. Berard ◽  
Bradley C. Jackson ◽  
Cengizhan Acikel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Aa Amyloidosis ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fgf 23

Abstract Chronic inflammation and proteinuria is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney diseases and rheumatologic disorders. Our aim was to investigate the CVD events (CVDEs) and survival between the patients with FMF-related AA amyloidosis and glomerulonephropathies (GN) to define possible predictors for CVDEs. A prospective follow-up study with FMF-amyloidosis and glomerulonephropathy (GN) was performed and patients were followed for CVDEs. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), FGF-23, serum lipid, hsCRP levels, BMI and HOMA were assessed. A Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for CVDEs. There were 107 patients in the FMF-amyloidosis group and 126 patients with GN group. Forty-seven CVDEs were observed during the 4.2-years follow up; all 28 patients in the FMF-amyloidosis group and 14/19 patients with GN developed CVDEs before the age of 40 (p = 0.002). CVD mortality was 2.8 times higher (95% CI 1.02–7.76) in patients with FMF-amyloidosis. Across both groups, FMD and FGF23 (p < 0.001) levels were independently associated with the risk of CVDEs. Patients with FMF-amyloidosis are at increased risk of early CVDEs with premature mortality age. FGF 23, FMD and hsCRP can stratify the risk of early CVD in patients with FMF-related AA amyloidosis.

The mediating role of Mediterranean diet on the association between Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular disease risk: A 10-year follow-up of the ATTICA study

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Foscolou ◽  
Ekavi Georgousopoulou ◽  
Emmanouella Magriplis ◽  
Nenad Naumovski ◽  
Loukianos Rallidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Mediating Role

scholarly journals Association of Nut Consumption with Risk of Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease: The Million Veteran Program

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3031
Author(s):  
Kerry L. Ivey ◽  
Xuan-Mai T. Nguyen ◽  
Rachel M. Quaden ◽  
Yuk-Lam Ho ◽  
Kelly Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Peanut Butter ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD), is the major cause of mortality for Americans. Nuts have been shown to improve a variety of cardiovascular disease risk factors. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that nut consumption is inversely associated with risk of incidence of stroke, CAD, and CVD mortality in the prospective Million Veterans Program (MVP). A total of 179,827 MVP participants enrolled between 2011 and 2018 were free of CVD prior to assessment of nut consumption via the food frequency questionnaire. Incident stroke and CVD events were ascertained from the Veterans Affairs electronic medical health records and the National Death Index. We used the Cox regression model to compute multivariable adjusted hazard ratios. Over the 3.5-year median follow-up, 3362 new cases of ischemic stroke were identified. When compared with participants who rarely or never consumed nuts, those consuming nuts ≥ 5 times per week were 19% less likely to experience a stroke (95% CI: 8% to 28%); 22% less likely to suffer from CAD (95% CI: 16% to 28%); and 24% less likely to die from CVD (95% CI: 7% to 37%). Consumption of peanut butter was not associated with risk of stroke. Increased dietary intake of nuts, but not peanut butter, was associated with a lower risk of stroke, CAD, and CVD death.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular disease risk assessment among patients attending two cardiac clinics in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Waindim Nyiambam ◽  
Augustina Sylverken ◽  
Isaac Owusu ◽  
Kwame Buabeng ◽  
Fred Boateng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Ashanti Region ◽  
Framingham Risk

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and hypertension is the single most important modifiable risk. Assessment of an individual’s “total” predicted risk of developing a CVD event in 5- or 10-years using risk scores has been identified as an accurate measure of CVD risk. Using the latest Framingham risk score we assessed the risk among patients attending two cardiac clinics in Kumasi.Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study among 441 patients attending two cardiac clinics in Kumasi, the Ashanti region of Ghana. Hospital records were reviewed and information on demography, social history and laboratory results for the lipid profile tests were extracted.Results: The prevalence of low, medium and high risk were 41.5%, 28.1% and 30.4% respectively. More men were at high risk compared to females (36.0% vs 23.9%, p=0.003). The risk score showed good discrimination for cardiovascular risk stratification with an overall area under the curve of 0.95; 0.97 and 0.94 for males and females respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the Framingham risk score were 89.5% and 86.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Majority of our study participants were at moderate to high risk with men being the most affected. The Framingham risk score proved to be a useful tool in predicting the 10-year total cardiovascular disease risk.Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, Kumasi, total risk, Framingham risk scoreFunding: Not indicated

scholarly journals The Role of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Enhancers in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Hadaegh ◽  
Samaneh Asgari ◽  
Fatemeh Moosaie ◽  
Meysam Orangi ◽  
Farzaneh Sarvghadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background: To assess the effect of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk enhancing factors (ASCVD-REFs) on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events among non-diabetic individuals with borderline and intermediate ACC/AHA score during 10 and 15-year follow-up. Moreover, the added value of these ASCVD-REFs on the predictive power of the pooled cohort equations (PCE) was examined. Methods: A total of 1204 adults aged 40-75 years, free from CVD at baseline with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between 70-189 mg/dl, were included. Unadjusted Cox regression analysis was used. The predictive ability of each significant ASCVD-REFs was estimated using the cut-point-free integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).Results: During 10-year follow up, 181 CVD events (including 73 hard CVD) occurred. For hard CVD events, the high blood pressure (BP) component (i.e. ≥130/85 mmHg) of metabolic syndrome (Mets) (Hazard ratio: HR (95% CI; 1.67(1.03-2.70)) and positive history of preeclampsia (5.06(1.17-22.0)) were significant ASCVD-REFs. During the longer follow-up, Mets and its components of high waist circumference (WC) and high BP significantly increased the risk. As for CVD events, the Mets and its high BP and high WC components significantly increased the risk. However, in the ACC/AHA adjusted score, these covariates did not significantly improve the predictive power of the CVD or hard CVD. Conclusions: The high BP was the most consistent and independent ASCVD-REFs in the prediction of all CVD and hard CVD, among the population with borderline/intermediate risk. Hence, considering pharmacologic therapies for patients with high BP and high LDL-C might be beneficial for preventive initiatives.

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