“Dead Eyes Open”: The Role of Experiments in Galvanic Reanimation in Nineteenth-Century Popular Culture

Leonardo ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Emergent Technologies ◽  
Cultural Imaginary ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

During the first decades of the 19th century, a number of prominent scientists conducted experiments in the revival of dead organisms using new galvanic technologies. In several cases, these experiments were conducted on human bodies, using the corpses of executed criminals. Such experiments captured the cultural imaginary of the day, posing new questions about the relationship between emergent technologies, automated movement, and human agency. This article examines the role played by spectacle, aesthetics, and new practices and technologies of visualization in these scientific experiments.

Representing “Awarishness”: Burlesque, Feminist Transgression, and the 19th-Century Pin-up

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Elena Buszek
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Essay Contest

Co-winner, 1998 TDR student essay contest. Nineteenth-century actresses--especially as represented photographically--show many parallels to today's feminist identities. These women rejected the binary “wife-whore” as they sought to define in and for popular culture more varied and nuanced sexualroles for women in society.

scholarly journals Seeing the History of the Earth in the Cliffs at Møn: The Interaction between Landscape Painting and Geology in Denmark in the First Half of the 19th Century

Romantik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gry Hedin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Landscape Painting ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Advances ◽  
The Way

During the first part of the nineteenth century, geologists developed a history of the earth so different from that accepted in previous centuries that it encouraged a rethinking of the relationship between man and nature. In this article I will argue that painters followed these changes closely and that some of them let the narratives and images of geology inform the way they depicted nature. In arguing my point, I will focus on images and descriptions of the chalk cliffs on the Danish island of Møn by both geologists and painters. I will follow the scientific advances in geology by referring to the texts and images of Søren Abildgaard, Henrich Steffens, Johan Georg Forchhammer, and Christopher Puggaard, and discuss how their changing theories correspond with paintings of the cliffs by four artists: Christopher Wilhelm Eckersberg, Frederik Sødring, Louis Gurlitt, and Peter Christian Skovgaard.

scholarly journals THE CONCEPT OF RUSSIAN ARCHITECTURE IN THE BALTIC PROVINCES BETWEEN THE GREAT NORTHERN WAR AND THE COSMOPOLITANISM OF THE 19TH CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 85-150
Author(s):  
Juhan Maiste
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Geography ◽  
Great Northern War

The goal of this article is to examine the role of the new Russian rulingpower as it related to cultural policy in the Baltic provinces betweenthe Great Northern War (1700–1721) and the Russian Revolution (1917),in order to engender a discussion about the Russian influence inEstonia’s architectural history – its content and meaning – based onprimary sources in the archives of Estonia, St Petersburg and Moscow.The historiography of this topic dates back nearly a century; as aneighbouring country and an important centre of political power andculture, the influence of St Petersburg as the main Russian metropolishas been always been taken into consideration and studied in thehistory of Estonian art history. The articles by Sergey Androsovand Georgy Smirnov that appear in this volume have provided theinspiration to try and re-examine the entire spectrum of Estonia’sposition between East and West, and to point out the main subjectsin this new context and the relationship to the new geography ofarchitecture in the Age of Enlightenment and the stylistic changesof the 19th century.

scholarly journals Unconventional Views of Racial Brains in the 19th Century

Nuncius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Pogliano
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In this article two protagonists of nineteenth-century anthropological culture, Samuel George Morton and Paul Broca, are presented as the embodiment of mainstream stances on the relationship between brain and race. More or less close to their successful raciological tenets, a host of other names might be recalled. However, the main purpose here is to point out some ‘deviant’ opinions that challenged the scientific common sense of an epoch, starting with the nigrophilie expressed by the abbé Grégoire early in the century, to then discuss the cautious ‘egalitarianism’ professed by James Cowles Prichard and William Hamilton or the more explicit view sustained, over time, by Friedrich Tiedemann and Luigi Calori. Their focus was the influence of the brain – its shape, volume, and weight – on intellectual and moral manifestations: a tormented issue that for decades was addressed in different ways and with outcomes that always proved inconclusive.

Treatment or punishment? A nineteenth-century scandal

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Lodge Patch
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Physical Methods ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

SynopsisIn psychiatry the relationship between treatment and punishment is variable and ambiguous. It has always been possible to employ physical methods of treatment for punitive ends, against which the introduction of liberal policies is no complete safeguard. Indulging one's personal animosities towards a difficult or violent patient has always been condemned, but the motives of a psychiatrist may be particularly easily misconstrued. These inherent risks in a psychiatrist's situation are illustrated by a case from the 19th century.

scholarly journals The role of language in psychiatric treatment in the French Romantic Age: A note on Dr Laurent Cerise

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Starobinski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Moral Treatment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
19Th Century France ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

SYSNOPSISAt the beginning of the 19th century France had many experts on the ‘moral treatment of insanity’. Very few of them, however, applied their experience and theories to the role of language in the development of behaviour from childhood on, in the pathogenesis of mental disorders, and in psychotherapy. To Dr. Louis Cerise, one of the founders of the Annales Médico-Psychologiques, belongs the great distinction of formulating a theory which tried to take account of the necessary contribution of language to individual development. In his book Des Fonctions et des Maladies Nerveuses (1842), he put forward a view of the relationship between the individual and society. His concept of ‘the goal of activity’ still merits our attention.

scholarly journals La Antropología Andaluza en el contexto de las Antropologías Mediterráneas.

Anduli ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Miguel-Ángel Carvajal-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Present World

This article deals with the history of Andalusian anthropology from the second half of the 19th century to the present. We also address the connections of this anthropological tradition with others in the Mediterranean area as well as with others in the Spanish sphere to achieve a greater appreciation of those traditions of thought outside of hegemonic scopes. From the time of folklore studies, we go on to the ethnological stage and to the consolidation of anthropological studies. In so doing, we observe the different stages and topics of investigation, from popular culture to community studies, identity and the relationship between global and local scopes in the present world.

scholarly journals Female Presences in The Cultural Press of The 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Oana-Nicoleta Bartoş-Agavriloaie
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract The nineteenth century was a time of beginnings for the cultural press, marked by the actions of personalities who actively participated in the development of this field, but often the involvement of women is less valued, compared to that of men. Therefore, we consider opportune a study focused on the cultural-journalistic activity of three remarkable ladies: Maria Rosetti, Sofia Nădejde, Cornelia Morţun, who had an important contribution, not only in terms of the topics they covered, but also through their point of view, reformulating the role of women in that era.

scholarly journals Andrei Cușco, Între „orientalism” şi obiectivitate: etnografia rusă şi Basarabia în a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea / Between “Orientalism” and Objectivity: Russian Ethnography and Bessarabia during the Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 104-119
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Objective Knowledge ◽  
Basic Goal ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

This paper discusses the interaction between the discourses of empire and nation as it emerged in the debates about the proper object of research and the criteria for legitimacy of the newly founded discipline of ethnography in the Russian Empire in the last decades of the 18th and throughout the 19th century. A special emphasis will be laid upon the particular features of the appearance and evolution of ethnographic preoccupations in the Russian Empire starting with the second half of the 18th century, when the first attempts at the synthesis and classification of ethnographic enquiries can be discerned, and spanning the first half of the 19th century. In this context, the case of Bessarabia represents an illustrative example of the uneasy interaction between the specialized and supposedly “objective” knowledge of learned experts and the agendas of the central and local authorities and officials. My basic goal has been to uncover the relationship between the “imperial” and the “universalistic” dimensions of Russian ethnography.

Ibn Rushd (Averroës)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Leaman
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
European Renaissance

Ibn Rushd is considered by many to be the greatest of the Islamic philosophers within the Peripatetic tradition, and has come to represent the role of reason in the Islamic world in popular culture. He energetically defended philosophy at a time when it was under significant threat. His commentaries went on to have great influence in the Jewish and Christian worlds, where his status as the chief interpreter of Aristotle persisted for a long time. A particular development of his thought in Christian Europe went on to have a radical effect on subsequent culture, and it is no exaggeration to suggest that Ibn Rushd played an important role in what became the European Renaissance and eventually the Enlightenment. He came to play a role eventually in the Nahda, the Arab Renaissance, in the 19th century as a Muslim who combined a commitment to religion with an enthusiasm for reason.

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