Can Remote Virtual Simulation Improve Practice-Based Training? – Presence and performance in incident commander education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-57
Author(s):  
Cecilia Hammar Wijkmark ◽  
Ilona Heldal
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Virtual Simulation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Geographical Space

Abstract An incident commander (IC) is expected to take command in any incident to mitigate consequences for humans, property, and the environment. To prepare for this, practice-based training in realistic simulated situations is necessary. Usually this is conducted in live simulation (LS) at dedicated (physical) training grounds or in virtual simulation (VS) situations at training centers, where all participants are present at the same geographical space. COVID-19-induced restrictions on gathering of people motivated the development and use of remote virtual simulation (RVS) solutions. This paper aims to provide an increased understanding of the implementation of RVS in the education of Fire Service ICs in Sweden. Data from observations, questionnaires, and interviews were collected during an RVS examination of two IC classes (43 participants) following an initial pilot study (eight participants). Experienced training values, presence, and performance were investigated. The results indicated that students experienced higher presence in RVS, compared with previous VS studies. This is likely due to the concentration of visual attention to the virtual environment and well-acted verbal counterplay. Although all three training methods (LS, VS, and RVS) are valuable, future research is needed to reveal their respective significant compromises, compared with real-life incidents.

Retention of Physical Gains in the Community Following Physical Training for Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor W. Mark
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Neurological Illness ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Future Research Directions

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological illness whose typically young adult onset results in a nearly entire lifetime of worsening disability. But despite being an unrelenting neurodegenerative disease, numerous clinical trials over the past 40 years for MS have vigorously attempted to improve or at least stabilize declining physical function. Although the vast majority of the studies assessed training effects only within controlled laboratory or clinic settings, in recent years a growing interest has emerged to test whether newer therapies can instead benefit real-life activities in the community. Nonetheless, comparatively little attention has been paid to whether the training gains can be retained for meaningful periods. This review discusses the comparative success of various physical training methods to benefit within-community activities in MS, and whether the gains can be retained long afterward. This review will suggest future research directions toward establishing efficacious treatments that can allow persons with MS to reclaim their physical abilities and maximize functionality for meaningful periods.

Stereotype Threat, Intergenerational Contact, and Performance among the Elderly across Cultures: A Comparative Study of France and Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 106939712199707
Author(s):  
Arum Febriani ◽  
Rasyid Bo Sanitioso
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intergroup Anxiety ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Individualistic Culture ◽  
And Performance

In the present research, we examined cross-cultural generalizability of the roles of anxiety and intergenerational contact in age-based stereotype threat (ABST). To this end, we conducted studies in France (individualistic culture) and Indonesia (collectivistic culture). In the main study, elderly participants in France and in Indonesia completed the Digit Span task that was presented as memory (high-threat) or cognitive strategy task (low-threat). Using the bootstrapping method, we found that, in both countries, stereotype threat led to lowered performance among the elderly who had little or no contact with the young. Those with positive contacts, on the other hand, showed no performance decrement under high (vs. low) threat. Highlighting the importance of culture, performance anxiety mediates the effects of threat on the performance of the French elderly, versus intergroup anxiety for the Indonesians. Self-construal (independent vs. interdependent) associated with cultural orientation (individualistic vs. collectivistic) was proposed to explain the cultural difference in the type of anxiety as a mediator. This not only leads to suggestions for future research but also for possible real-life intervention strategies.

A Pilot Study of a 4-Week eHealth-Based Protocol of the Attention Training Technique Component of Metacognitive Therapy Among Patients With Anxiety Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Fergus ◽  
Regina Hiraoka
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attention Training ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Metacognitive Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Service Delivery ◽  
Training Technique ◽  
And Performance

The attention training technique (ATT) component of metacognitive therapy seeks to reduce anxiety and strengthen executive attention. ATT has the potential to expand mental health service delivery, with researchers labeling ATT as a possible form of eHealth. However, the only known published study to examine ATT in that delivery capacity was not supportive of its use. The current pilot study examined a new 4-week eHealth-based protocol of ATT among a small mixed sample of patients with anxiety disorders (N = 16). Patients attended a single in-person session to practice ATT and then practiced ATT remotely by accessing a standardized recording of ATT through the Internet for 4 weeks. There was no attrition and over 80% of patients achieved the practice benchmark. Improvements were noted across clinician-rated, patient-rated, and performance-based outcomes. Results support further examination of ATT as a possible eHealth treatment for anxiety disorders. Recommendations for future research are discussed.

Evaluating Immediate Feedback via Bug-in-Ear as an Evidence-Based Practice for Professional Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Schaefer ◽  
Jennifer R. Ottley
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Teaching Behaviors ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Traditional Training ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Effects Of Feedback

Observation and performance feedback to support traditional training methods are central tools for preservice practitioner preparation and in-service practitioner professional development. Research highlights how some specific characteristics of feedback (e.g., the latency between behavior and feedback) can impact the effectiveness. One method of enhancing the effects of feedback may be immediate feedback delivered through bug-in-ear technology. This review identified 17 intervention studies that examined the use of immediate feedback via bug-in-ear with preservice and in-service practitioners. We evaluated these studies using What Works Clearinghouse quality standards and determined that immediate feedback with bug-in-ear technology has a strong evidence base for increasing frequency and accuracy of teaching behaviors of practitioners in a variety of classroom settings. This review discusses findings on that evidence base as well as findings on feasibility and acceptability of this intervention. We also discuss limitations of current research and potential directions for future research on this method.

scholarly journals Contributions Regarding the Development and Experimentation of a Specific Physical Training Model for Greco-Roman Junior Wrestlers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-456
Author(s):  
Florentin Vasilescu ◽  
Leonte Nicoleta ◽  
Ștefan Dănuț Tudorancea
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Action Strategy ◽  
Important Field ◽  
And Performance

The use of methods to objectify the specific activities of athletes in training and competitions is not a problem studied to its true extent in wrestling. Measuring and evaluating the predictability components of competitive performance in this sport is even more important given the fact that in free and Greco-roman wrestling the elaboration of models has never been easy, due to the unquantifiable performance that performers have to achieve. Therefore, the issue is the most important field of research in the current stage in sports wrestling, before becoming an operational tool available to practitioners. The transformation of these components into figures allows obtaining results that can define the weight and impact they have in creating training and competitive models, selection models, planning, control and evaluation of the efficiency of training methods and especially the establishment of a battery of tests, usually validated by the method of factor analysis, to support periodic improvements by assimilating the progress in knowledge. From this point of view, we proposed the elaboration of the action strategy in order to increase the efficiency and highlight some components of the specific physical training model, whose materialization at the level of junior athletes decisively influenced the training activity, as a premise in obtaining the performance goals. Our experimental approach took place at the Dinamo Bucharest Sports Club, where the junior sports of the club and the national junior team trained. The training of the junior wrestlers from the Greco-roman style according to the parameters of the specific physical training model foreshadowed by us, demonstrated its efficiency and led to the modeling of the wrestling behavior and performance compatible with that of high-performance wrestlers.

Depressive symptoms associations with online and in person networks in an online gaming community: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Prochnow ◽  
Megan S. Patterson ◽  
Logan Hartnell ◽  
M. Renée Umstattd Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Online Gaming ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Social Support ◽  
Multi Level

Purpose Increases in video game use have led to mental health concerns, citing greater risk for depressive symptoms (DS) and reduced “in-real-life” (IRL) social involvement. However, recent studies have uncovered potential social benefits for online gaming. Many games provide avenues to extend real life relationships and make new online friendships. The purpose of this pilot study is to use social network analysis to determine associations between connections and DS in a gaming community. Design/methodology/approach As a pilot study, members of an online gaming site were asked to report demographic characteristics, DS, IRL social support, online social support and IRL people and members of the online community with whom they spoke to about important life matters. Multi-level modeling was used to parse variance described by demographic characteristics, IRL measures and online measures. Linear network autocorrelation modeling (LNAM) was used to determine relationships between network connections and DS. Findings Members (n = 37; µ = 24.76 years old, SD = 6.55; 100% male; 89.2% white) on average felt DS’ “not at all” to “several days” over the past two weeks. Multi-level modeling including online network measures explained 50% of variance (R2 = 0.50, F (9,27) = 2.98, p = 0.01); online connections were associated with DS (ß = 0.46). LNAM indicated DS were associated with IRL support (ß = −2.66), IRL connections (ß = 1.81), online support (ß = 2.40) and network effects (ß = 0.06), which indicates that a gamer’s DS were similar to those of their online connections. Originality/value Members with more DS may be seeking help via online channels. This may be important for future research to consider alternative forms of help-seeking behavior.

scholarly journals Attitudes and behaviours of top-level junior rugby union coaches towards the coaching of proper contact technique in the tackle – a pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hendricks ◽  
M Sarembock
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Western Province ◽  
Coaching Strategies ◽  
And Performance

Background. Coaching strategies for effective technique and injury prevention have been proposed for the tackle. Despite this, little isknown about current coaching attitudes and the behaviours of coaches towards proper contact technique in the tackle, especially at thejunior level.Objective. To report on the attitudes and behaviours of junior rugby union coaches towards coaching of proper contact technique in thetackle.Methods. Seven coaches of the top 8 rugby-playing schools (Premier Division) in the Western Province Rugby Union participated in thestudy (representing 88% of the entire population of top-level junior coaches in the region). Coaches completed a questionnaire, modelledon previous research, surveying attitudes and behaviours towards tackling.Results. Proper technique for injury prevention was rated as very important (57%) and important (29%), with 14% undecided. Propertechnique to improve performance was rated as very important (57%) and important (43%). To further develop coaching knowledgeand to develop new training methods, ‘coaching colleagues’ (very much – 71%; mean rating 4.7; 95% CI 4.3 - 5.2) was rated as the mostoften used.Conclusion. Collectively, the coaches in this study demonstrated a positive attitude towards injury prevention and performance. Additionalmeans of communicating information to coaches, other than the traditional channels, have also been highlighted here.

Passion, performance and concordance in rock “n” roll entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1355
Author(s):  
Stefan Schulte-Holthaus ◽  
Andreas Kuckertz
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Causal Mapping ◽  
Causal Maps ◽  
Rock N Roll ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeNon-entrepreneurial passions may be the beginning of an extensive entrepreneurial journey. However, current passion theories cannot fully capture the essence of such passions and their effects. The purpose of this study is to explore and explain the real-life composition of passion and performance.Design/methodology/approachThe investigation was conducted with comparative causal mapping (CCM) on a qualitative sample of people we designate rock “n” roll entrepreneurs (i.e. individuals driven by a passion for music and who are successful both artistically and economically). Aggregated causal maps of passion elicited through semi-structured interviews were analyzed and contrasted with performance indicators.FindingsPassion is revealed to be an individual phenomenon, one composed of central and peripheral concepts that include—contrary to prior theories—personality traits and life contexts. Furthermore, the results suggest that the concordance of concepts determines the scope, degree and performance of passion.Research limitations/implicationsThis study complements prevailing passion theories in psychology and entrepreneurship. As a context-bound study, the generalizability of the results is limited to its context, which, however, paves a clear way for future research.Practical implicationsCreative economy entrepreneurs and educators can use the mechanism of concordance to consciously reflect passion-driven tensions between artistic, social and entrepreneurial demands and to translate passion into behavioral effectiveness.Originality/valueThis study is the first to use a CCM approach to investigate passion. Findings highlight the potential to research entrepreneurial phenomena at the intersection of emotion, cognition and action.

scholarly journals Attitudes and behaviours of top-level junior rugby union coaches towards the coaching of proper contact technique in the tackle – a pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
S Hendricks ◽  
M Sarembock
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Western Province ◽  
Coaching Strategies ◽  
And Performance

Background. Coaching strategies for effective technique and injury prevention have been proposed for the tackle. Despite this, little isknown about current coaching attitudes and the behaviours of coaches towards proper contact technique in the tackle, especially at thejunior level.Objective. To report on the attitudes and behaviours of junior rugby union coaches towards coaching of proper contact technique in thetackle.Methods. Seven coaches of the top 8 rugby-playing schools (Premier Division) in the Western Province Rugby Union participated in thestudy (representing 88% of the entire population of top-level junior coaches in the region). Coaches completed a questionnaire, modelledon previous research, surveying attitudes and behaviours towards tackling.Results. Proper technique for injury prevention was rated as very important (57%) and important (29%), with 14% undecided. Propertechnique to improve performance was rated as very important (57%) and important (43%). To further develop coaching knowledgeand to develop new training methods, ‘coaching colleagues’ (very much – 71%; mean rating 4.7; 95% CI 4.3 - 5.2) was rated as the mostoften used.Conclusion. Collectively, the coaches in this study demonstrated a positive attitude towards injury prevention and performance. Additionalmeans of communicating information to coaches, other than the traditional channels, have also been highlighted here.

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