Waqfs of Awlād al-Nās in Aleppo in the Late Mamlūk Period as Reflected in a Family Archive

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-326
Author(s):  
Aharon Layish
Keyword(s):  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Mamluk Period ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA family archive from Aleppo of the late Mamlūk period sheds light on a society in transition from military to civil elite. It provides us with insights on the religious, social, and economic role of the waqf and on its function as a means for circumventing the Islamic inheritance law and preserving the integrity of the patrimony. Vital information is provided on the possibilities for women and manumitted slaves to own and dispose of property. The study is also concerned with the impact of the legal pluralism created by the introduction of sharīi' a courts belonging to the four Sunnī schools on the ability of the waqf to accommodate itself to social and economic pressures. Les archives d'une famille d'Alep datant de la fin de la période mamelouke apportent un éclairage sur une société en transition, passant du statut militaire à celui de dignitaires civils. L'examen du manuscrit dévoile le rôle du waqf dans les domaine religieux, social et économique, et la manière dont sont contournées les lois de succession islamiques pour conserver l'intégralité d'un patrimoine. Le document fournit également des éléments sur la possibilité pour des femmes et des esclaves affranchis de détenir et de disposer de biens propres. Cette contribution explore également l'effet du pluralisme légal, issu de la création de tribunaux religieux des quatre écoles juridiques sunnites, sur la capacité d'adaptation de cette institution à la pression sociale et économique.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SPHERE OF THE REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Serhii Tsymbaliuk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. The aim of the article is scientific substantiation of the new concept of development of the sports and health sphere of the region, which is based on the observance of the principles of inclusive growth and achievement of the SDGs. Methodology of research. In the course of the research, the methods generally accepted in economics were used: monographic, system and structural, which were used in the development of the concept of sustainable inclusive development of the sports and health sphere of the region in the conditions of decentralization. Findings. It is determined that sustainable development and inclusive growth today are the newest models of social and economic growth, recognized by the world community. Taking into account this, and taking into account the processes of decentralization of management in Ukraine, the concept of sustainable inclusive development of the sports and health sphere of the region adapted to the new conditions is proposed. The goals of sustainable development are revealed, the achievement of which is influenced by the state and development of the sports and health sphere. The essence of inclusive growth is determined and the principles of inclusive development of the sports and health sphere of the region are singled out. Following the defined goals of sustainable development, the tasks of development of the sports and health sphere of the region are highlighted and the ways of their achievement are suggested. The basic conceptual idea of sustainable inclusive development of the sports and health sphere of the region is formed; the purposes, tasks, and ways of its realization are defined. The implementation of the proposed concept is outlined, and the impact of the development of sports and health in the region on improving the health, well-being, and quality of life of the community is substantiated. Originality. The concept of sustainable inclusive development of the sports and health sphere of the region is substantiated on the basis of its adaptation to the conditions of decentralization and introduction of the principles of inclusive growth and achievement of sustainable development goals to increase employment, spread a healthy lifestyle, expand opportunities to meet equal needs of the sport and health services. Practical value. The obtained results of the study are the basis for solving practical problems of sustainable inclusive development of sports and recreation in the regions of Ukraine under decentralization. Key words: sports and health sphere, the concept of development of sports and health sphere, sustainable development, inclusive growth, decentralization, the economic role of sports and health sphere.

scholarly journals The new “Silk Road”: global aspect, EU position and economic role of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Ž. Bugarčić ◽  
Daiva Jurevičienė ◽  
Nenad Janković
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Trade Volume ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Global Aspect ◽  
The Impact

More active participation of China in the international economy has been recognized by European countries, trying to position their economies on the new “Silk Road” map to attract Chinese investments and increase trade volume. The paper presents previous researches and analyses the position, benefits and chances for EU and Serbia to derive positive economic effects from this initiative. The research purpose is to point out the impact of “Silk Road” on the Serbian economy. The main findings are highlighting the advantages and disadvantages using analysis of scientific literature and emphasising the increase in investments and trade volume of Serbia with China using statistical analysis for the period after the initiative started in 2013.

scholarly journals Unpacking Legal Pluralism in Commonwealth Africa – Towards Strengthening Methods for Rule of Law Programming for Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-332
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bakibinga-Gaswaga
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Law And Development ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development has brought the rule of law to the forefront in the quest for sustainable development, with emphasis on Africa and the rest of the developing world. To ensure that law contributes to sustainable development, it is critical to address the mismanagement of legal pluralism in Commonwealth member countries in Africa, demonstrated by the conflict of legal systems and the stagnant evolution of institutions of governance in the aftermath of independence after colonial rule, and the current neoliberal economics-oriented/institutional approach based on the Washington Consensus. The current approaches to rule of law reform and development have resulted in the status quo in Africa, where the role of law and legal systems for sustainable development is not explicitly evident. The law is not applied consciously for development and the role of legal practitioners in development is undermined. An understanding of the impact of colonialism and post-colonial legal systems and the impact of the Washington Consensus; the influence of intergovernmental organizations and international non-governmental actors in providing rule of law reform assistance; and the methodology through which the technical assistance for law and development has been implemented to date is critical to developing new methods/approaches to the rule of law and development.

Perceptions about the value and cost of children: Australian and Papua New Guinean high school youth

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor J. Callan ◽  
Jeffrey Wilks
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Cost Of Children ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Papua New Guinean ◽  
School Youth

SummaryThe present study of 329 Australian and 281 Papua New Guinean (PNG) high school youth compared students' perceptions of the economic role of children, the importance of personal aspirations, evidence of support for the conjugal family and for cultural props. As predicted, the economic role of children was more important to PNG students, and considerably less so to young Australians. Predicted differences in personal aspirations were less clear cut, but young Australians cited more frequently the restrictions and economic costs in having children. In addition, Australians emphasized more than PNG students the pleasure, pride, fulfilment and achievement in having children. As expected in a low fertility country, Australian students mentioned more often the love and companionship of children, although students in both countries had similar views about the impact of children upon the marital relationship. Lineage and religious benefits from children were more salient to PNG youth.

scholarly journals Impact of Goal Orientation and Information Elaboration on the Performance of Farmer Cooperatives under Rural Revitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 398-418
Author(s):  
Jian ZHANG ◽  
Jijian GU ◽  
Ming JI ◽  
Guowei WEI
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Farmer Cooperatives ◽  
Social Governance ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
The Impact

The development of farmers’ cooperatives in underdeveloped areas has not generally achieved good economic performance, and it is impossible to overestimate the driving and self-development capabilities of cooperatives. It has opened up a situation for the continued development of cooperatives. Based on the goal-oriented and information elaboration theory, this paper has carried out related research. First, it analyzes the impact of goal orientation and information elaboration on the performance of farmers’ cooperatives, which conducts in-depth discussions. Then simulation research methods used to study the impact of goal orientation on farmers’ cooperative performance, and draw a series of valuable research conclusions. Finally, based on the above theoretical research results, this paper put forward measures to improve the performance of modern organizations of farmers’ cooperatives. Through the theoretical construction and practical investigation of the cooperative social organization embedded in rural social governance, it fully affirmed that the cooperative as an autonomous organization formed by ordinary farmers, with its unique organizational advantages and institutional charm in the economic role of rural society and participation in the function of social governance. The research in this paper is gradually deepened at the rural revitalization strategy, and fruitful results have been achieved because of forming a complete research framework.

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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