Nest Building in the Bengalese Finch. I : External Factors Affecting It and Its Relation To Other Behaviour Early in the Breeding Cycle

Farmers participation is crucial for succeeding in the implementation of agricultural insurance in Indonesia. The purposes of this research are analyzing farmers' form and level of participation and also identifying some factors affecting farmer’s participation in agricultural insurance. The research was conducted in Curug Bitung Village, District of Nanggung, Bogor Regency involving 40 respondents. Primary data includes farmers characteristics, farmers participation form and farmers participation level as program beneficiaries. The data were processed using multivariable linear regression test. The results showed that the intensity of communication, age, education level, income level and length of stay did not significantly affect the participation level of farmers whose majority were at the level of no participation. Non-compliance occurs during program implementation. The form of participation shown by farmers in the program is varied.Keywords: agricultural insurance, internal and external factors, farmers' participation ABSTRAK Partisipasi petani menjadi hal yang penting dalam rangka menyukseskan penerapan asuransi pertanian di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi petani dalam asuransi pertanian serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi partisipasi petani dalam program asuransi pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Curug Bitung, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor dengan melibatkan 40 responden. Data primer meliputi karakteristik petani, bentuk partisipasi petani dan tingkat partisipasi petani penerima program. Data diolah menggunakan uji regresi linier multivariable. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas komunikasi, usia, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan dan lama tinggal tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap tingkat partisipasi petani yang mayoritas berada pada tingkatan tidak ada partisipasi. Ketidaksesuaian banyak terjadi selama penyelenggaraan program. Adapun bentuk partisipasi yang ditunjukkan petani dalam program bervariasi.Kata kunci: asuransi pertanian, faktor internal-eksternal, partisipasi petani

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Clinical analysis of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children: a focus on external and intrinsic factors

BMC Surgery ◽

10.1186/s12893-021-01089-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Weigang Gan ◽

Ning Xiao ◽

Yiyuan Feng ◽

Danmei Zhou ◽

Juanjuan Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Treatment Delay ◽

Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽

Foreign Body Aspiration ◽

External Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Intrinsic Factors ◽

Common Location ◽

Tracheobronchial Foreign Body

Abstract Background Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (TFBA) is a critical disease in children and is extremely dangerous, even life-threatening. The factors affecting the occurrence and prognosis of TFBA are complex. The purpose of this study is to examine the external and intrinsic factors affecting clinical features of TFBA in West China and propose potential effective intervention measures. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pediatric patients diagnosed with TFBA with foreign bodies (FBs) removed by rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia at the otolaryngology department from December 2017 to November 2018. The data included age, sex, clinical symptoms, type and location of FB, guardians, prehospital duration and residence of these pediatric patients. Results The ratio of males (72) to females (53) was 1.4:1. Children aged from 1 to 3 years accounted for 76% (95/125) of patients. Cough, continuous fever and dyspnea were the primary symptoms. The right primary bronchus was the most common location of FB detection by rigid bronchoscopy (67 cases, 53.6%). Organic FBs were most common in our study. Guardians of patients significantly differed in the rural (parents 16, grandparents 31) and urban (parents 52, grandparents 26) groups (χ2 = 12.583, p = 0.000). More children in the rural group than in the urban group had a treatment delay longer than 72 h. More children in the group with no history of FB aspiration (12, 25%) than in the group with prior FB aspiration had a treatment delay longer than 72 h. Conclusion Pediatric TFBA is a common emergency in otolaryngology. Age, sex, tracheobronchial anatomy and other physiological elements were defined as intrinsic factors, while guardians, residence, FB species and prehospital time were defined as external factors of TFBA. External and intrinsic factors both influence the occurrence and progression of TFBA. It is extremely important to take effective measures to control external factors, which can decrease morbidity and mortality.

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For the Sustainable Development of Universities: Exploring the External Factors Impacting Returned Early Career Academic’s Research Performance in China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1333

Author(s):

Xiantong Zhao ◽

Hongbiao Yin ◽

Chenyang Fang ◽

Xu Liu

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Research Performance ◽

Ecological Systems ◽

Early Career ◽

External Factors ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Mixed Method Design ◽

Good Research

Early career academics are the key agents for the sustainable development of higher education institutions. In China, those who were educated overseas and have returned to Chinese universities to seek academic positions are becoming a fast-growing group. Good research performance is critical to survive in the increasingly competitive environment in academia. Improving research performance requires an understanding of the factors that facilitate or inhibit research performance. In the light of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, this study, using a mixed-method design (20 interviewees and 136 respondents), elaborates on a number of external factors affecting returned early career academics’ research performance. Understanding these factors is helpful for the building of a favorable environment that can improve the research performance of the returned early career academics, and hence the sustainable development of universities.

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Factors affecting behavioural disturbances in race-horses

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800009644 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 475-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

I. Redbo ◽

P. Redbo-Torstensson ◽

F. O. Ödberg ◽

A. Hedendahl ◽

J. Holm

Keyword(s):

External Factors ◽

Small Field ◽

Positive Relation ◽

Main Study ◽

Social Contacts ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Negative Relation ◽

Stereotyped Behaviours ◽

Race Horses ◽

And Training

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to identify relations between stereotyped behaviours (cribbing, weaving and box-walking) and wood-chewing in thoroughbred flat-racing horses (TB) and standardbred trotters and the different management, feeding and training factors to which these horses are exposed. This was obtained by inquiries to all the professional trainers of TB and trottinghorses used for racing in Sweden. The usable response rates were 61% for trotters and 72% for TB representing 4597 trotters from 234 stables and 644 TB from 38 stables. A small field study was carried out to control the validity of the main study which gave results similar to those in the main study. There was a large difference between the two horse categories in the occurrence of behavioural disturbances. The TB had significantly more stereotypies than the trotters (P < 0·001) but there were no differences in the occurrence of wood-chewing. There were several differences in external factors between the horse categories, e.g. trotters had more opportunities for social contacts with other horses, they also had more free time outside the stable and they were trained a shorter time per week than the TB. The TB were given larger amounts of concentrate than the trotters. Wood-chewing within each horse category was explained by the amount of roughage (P < 0·05 in trotters and P < 0·001 in TB) together with other factors. Stereotypies in the TB were explained by: amount of concentrate (positive relation), number of horses per trainer (positive relation) and amount of roughage (negative relation).

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Internal and External Factors Affecting the Sales of Hype Drinks in Online Platform

JURNAL MINDS Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi ◽

10.24252/minds.v8i1.20953 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Fauzan Febrian ◽

Nazmi Fathnur Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Mixed Method ◽

Business Strategy ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Adaptation Strategy ◽

External Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Online Platform ◽

Online Sales ◽

Online Platforms ◽

Internal And External Factors

The Covid-19 Pandemic has hurt the beverage outlets' sales. This study investigates the strength of the internal and external factors that influenced sales in the online platforms of hype drinks. Thus, the study focused on the adaptation strategy to improve the sales in the online platform of hype drinks under environmentally-health pressures. The approach was mixed-method by obtaining the data through questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The participant in this study was consumer, employee, and owner. Data analysis is conducted under the SWOT analysis that has four steps in presenting the data. The finding concluded that internal and external factors positively impacted the business strategy to increase online sales of beverage outlets by riding the wave of hype among customers.

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Analysis of factors Affecting Project Delay in PT Telkom Property Viewed from Owner Factors, Contractor Factors and External Factors

International Journal of New Technology and Research ◽

10.31871/ijntr.5.12.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Rosalendro Eddy Nugroho ◽

Farida Elmi ◽

Wahyu Oktri Widyarto

Keyword(s):

External Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Project Delay

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Impact of external factors on quality financial reporting: The case of Vietnam

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v19i1.528 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70

Author(s):

Thuan Quoc Pham ◽

Dao Xuan La

Keyword(s):

Financial Reporting ◽

External Factors ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Two Factors ◽

Accounting Software ◽

Major Factors ◽

Pressure Factor ◽

Independent Audit

The objective of this study is to identify the major factors that impact on the quality of financial reporting and to suggest model of the factors affecting on the quality of financial reporting for Vietnamese enterprises . There are two factors group affecting on the quality of financial reporting: internal factors and external factors, this study is limited to the scope of the external factors. By using case studies, analytical results indicate that Tax Pressure factor has the greatest impact on the quality of financial reporting, the remaning factors include: Listed Securities, Accounting Software and Independent Audit. Two factors, Politics and Regulatory Environment have limited impact on the quality financial reporting.

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Development of the Russian tourism industry during the pandemic: an innovative approach

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202129105043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 291 ◽

pp. 05043

Author(s):

Elena Oklirimeiiko ◽

Sergey Chernov

Keyword(s):

Tourism Industry ◽

External Factors ◽

Innovative Approach ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Travel And Tourism ◽

Domestic Tourism ◽

Event Tourism ◽

Internal And External Factors ◽

Tourism Services

The article deals with internal and external factors affecting the tourism industry in Russia as well as the ways of its promotion and development. The authors analyze decrease in sales in the tourism industry at the present period; the situation with provision of tourism services during the pandemic is identified and justified; the negative effects of the crisis are revealed. The authors also point out and present positive factors, which stimulate travel and tourism, including hotel business, catering, as well as resort business; the possibility of finding new ways to promote tourism industry is justified. The authors also analyze the main measures of tourism industry’s state support. The article considers dominant areas affecting the development of domestic tourism. The authors assess main aspects contributing to the development of event tourism. Conditions for the development of sports and event tourism are investigated and discussed; special features of tourism industry stimulation during the pandemic are presented. The authors consider and justify the possibility of restoring the tourist market.

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