Molecular and morphological characterisation of Aphelenchoides kheirii n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Pinus nigra in north-western Iran

Summary Aphelenchoides kheirii n. sp. was isolated during a survey of nematodes associated with bark samples of pine trees (Pinus nigra) in West Azerbaijan province, north-western Iran. The new species has a body length of 500 (448-520) μm in the female and 442 (402-480) μm in the male. The cuticle is weakly annulated with four lateral lines and the lip region is offset. The stylet is 10.4 (10-11) μm long with small basal swellings and the excretory pore located immediately posterior to base of metacorpus; hemizonid invisible. The post-vulval uterine sac length 37.7 (28-45) μm. Spicules are relatively short (18-20 μm in dorsal limb) and the end of the dorsal limb clearly curved ventrally like a hook. The male tail has usual three pairs of caudal papillae (2 + 2 + 2) and a well-developed mucron. The female tail is conical, terminating in a complicated step-like projection, usually with many tiny nodular protuberances. The new species belongs to the Group 2 category of Aphelenchoides species sensu Shahina in which ten known species among Groups 2 and 4 sensu Shahina, namely: A. arcticus, A. blastophthorus, A. fuchsi, A. parasaprophilus, A. paraxui, A. xui, A. dactylocercus, A. gynotylurus, A. iranicus and A. saprophilus are the most similar species. Phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit (SSU) and partial large subunit (LSU) sequences of rRNA supported the morphological results.

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Description of Ektaphelenchus masseyi n. sp. (Rhabditida: Ektaphelenchinae) found in dead wood, from Iran

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10057 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Fariba Heydari ◽

Majid Pedram

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Large Subunit ◽

The Body ◽

Body Region ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Similar Species ◽

Natural Forests ◽

Lateral Field ◽

Rotten Wood ◽

Lateral Lines

Summary Ektaphelenchus masseyi n. sp. is described and illustrated. The new species was isolated from dead/rotten wood collected from natural forests in north Iran. It is characterised by 501-758 μm long females having three lines in lateral field, more or less continuous cephalic region separated from the body only by a shallow depression, relatively short tripartite stylet (total length 13-14 μm) lacking basal knobs or swellings, excretory pore at base of metacorpus or slightly anterior to it, post-vulval uterine sac 24-32 μm long, rectum and anus absent, posterior body region conical with finely rounded terminus, and males rare, with a dorsally convex and ventrally flat tail with a small mucron at terminus, 13-15 μm long spicules, and seven caudal papillae. The new species was morphologically compared with typologically similar species of Ektaphelenchus having three lines in the lateral field, namely E. joyceae, E. macrobulbosus, E. taiwanensis, and E. winteri. It was further compared with E. olitorius and E. prolobos having a similar female posterior body end shape and with an unknown number of incisures in the lateral field. It was also compared with three species currently placed under Ektaphelenchoides, namely E. andrassyi and E. poinari with three lines in the lateral field, and E. compsi with obscure lateral lines. The molecular phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other ektaphelenchid species were investigated using partial small, and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU and LSU rDNA D2-D3) sequences using the maximal number of currently sequenced ektaphelenchid and seinurid taxa.

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Aphelenchoides eldaricus n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Pinus eldarica in western Iran

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003074 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 605-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mehrab Esmaeili ◽

Ramin Heydari ◽

Behrouz Golhasan ◽

Natsumi Kanzaki

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Western Iran ◽

Rounded Apex ◽

Female Tail ◽

Morphological Status ◽

Lateral Lines ◽

Group 2 ◽

A New Species

Aphelenchoides eldaricusn. sp. is described and illustrated from wood and bark samples of a dead Mondell pine in Kermanshah Province, western Iran. The new species has a body length of 597 (507-700) μm (females) and 662 (636-695) μm (males). The cuticle is weakly annulated with three lateral lines and the lip region is offset. The stylet is 9.6 (9-10) μm long with small basal swellings and the excretory pore is locatedcaone body diam. posterior to the metacorpus valve. The spicules are large with the dorsal limb 40 (38-42) μm long with a prominent rostrum and rounded apex. The female tail is conical, tapering gradually to an acute terminus with a simple ventral mucron. The male tail bears six (2 + 2 + 2) caudal papillae and a well-developed mucron. The new species belongs to the Group 2 category ofAphelenchoidesspecies and is close to four known species, namelyA. cibolensis,A. indicus,A. rutgersiandA. sacchari. Molecular analyses of the partial 18S and the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene confirmed its morphological status as a new species.

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Two new calcicolous caloplacoid lichens from South Korea, with a taxonomic key to the species of Huriella and Squamulea

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.84.71227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 84 ◽

pp. 35-55

Author(s):

Beeyoung Gun Lee ◽

Jae-Seoun Hur

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South Korea ◽

Ribosomal Rna ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Similar Species ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Tip Cells ◽

Large Subunit Ribosomal Rna

Pyrenodesmia rugosa Lee & Hur and Huriella aeruginosa Lee & Hur are described as new lichen-forming fungi from a calcareous mountain of South Korea. Pyrenodesmia rugosa is distinguishable from Pyrenodesmia micromontana (Frolov, Wilk & Vondrák) Hafellner & Türk, the most similar species, by thicker thallus, rugose areoles, larger apothecia, shorter hymenium, shorter hypothecium and narrower tip cells of paraphyses. Huriella aeruginosa, the second new species, differs from ‘Squamulea’ chelonia Bungartz & Søchting by dark greenish-grey to grey thallus without pruina, gold to yellow-brown epihymenium, larger ascospores and thallus K– and KC– reaction. Molecular analyses employing internal transcribed spacer (ITS), mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) and nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU) sequences strongly support the two caloplacoid species to be distinct in their genera. A surrogate key is provided to assist in the identification of all 20 taxa in Huriella and Squamulea.

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Description of Aphelenchoides huntensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Pinus sylvestris in western Iran

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002963 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 357-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mehrab Esmaeili ◽

Yiwu Fang ◽

Hongmei Li ◽

Ramin Heydari

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Excretory Pore ◽

Western Iran ◽

Rounded Apex ◽

Female Tail ◽

Lateral Lines ◽

Group 2 ◽

A New Species

Aphelenchoides huntensissp. n. is described and illustrated from wood and bark samples of a dead scots pine in Kermanshah Province, western Iran. The new species has a body length of 507-673 μm (females) and 636-640 μm (males). The cuticle is weakly annulated with four lateral lines. Lip region offset. The stylet is 9.5 (9.0-10.0) μm long with small basal swellings. The excretory pore is locatedcaone body diam. posterior to the metacorpus valve. The spicules are large with the dorsal limb 37 or 38 μm long (n = 2), and have a prominent rostrum and rounded apex. The female tail is conical, the terminus having a complicated step-like projection, usually with many tiny nodular protuberances. The male tail bears six (2 + 2 + 2) caudal papillae and a well-developed mucron. The new species belongs to the Group 2 category ofAphelenchoidesspecies. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S and 28S D2-D3 regions of rDNA confirmed its status as a new species.

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Description of Aphelenchoides tabarestanensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from Pinus brutia in Northern Iran

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 159-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Behrouz Golhasan ◽

Yiwu Fang ◽

Hongmei Li ◽

Zahra Tanha Maafi ◽

Ramin Heydari

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Mazandaran Province ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Lateral Field ◽

Pinus Brutia ◽

Pine Trees ◽

Group 3 ◽

Stylet Length

Summary Aphelenchoides tabarestanensis n. sp. was isolated during a survey of nematodes associated with bark samples of pine trees (Pinus brutia) in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. The new species is characterised by body length of 656 (580-786) μm (females) and 490 (480-500) μm (males), weakly annulated cuticle, four lines in the lateral field, and an offset lip region. The stylet is 10.5 (10-11) μm long and has small basal swellings. The excretory pore is located at nerve ring level and the hemizonid was not seen. The post-vulval uterine sac is 40.8 (38-43) μm long, the spicules are relatively short (18-19 μm in dorsal limb), and the male tail has the usual three pairs of caudal papillae (2 + 2 + 2). The female tail is subcylindrical with two or three minute processes at the tip. The new species belongs to the Group 3 category of Aphelenchoides species and is close to seven known species of the genus, namely: A. asteromucronatus, A. besseyi, A. fujianensis, A. goodeyi, A. ritzemabosi, A. siddiqii, and A. stellatus, but differs by body size, shape of tail mucron, stylet length, size of spicules, and length of post-vulval uterine sac. Phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit (SSU) and partial large subunit (LSU) sequences of rRNA supported the morphological results.

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Bursaphelenchus clavicauda n. sp. (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) isolated from Cryphalus sp. emerged from a dead Castanopsis cuspidata (Thunb.) Schottky var. sieboldii (Makino) Nakai in Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan

Nematology ◽

10.1163/156854107782331216 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 759-769 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hayato Masuya ◽

Natsumi Kanzaki ◽

Noritoshi Maehara

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Botrytis Cinerea ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Lateral Field ◽

Castanopsis Cuspidata ◽

Female Tail ◽

Lateral Lines

AbstractBursaphelenchus clavicauda n. sp. is described and figured. The new species was isolated from Cryphalus sp., a species of bark beetle emerging from a dead log of Castanopsis cuspidata, and reared on Botrytis cinerea. Type specimens were collected from a 2- and 4-week-old culture on Botrytis cinerea. The new species has a body length of ca 665 μm (male) and 770 μm (female), medium (ca 30-50 for males and ca 30-45 for females) a values, b values of ca 9-13 (male) and 10-13 (female), c values of ca 20-28 (male) and 20-27 (female), c′ values of ca 2 (male) and ca 3-5 (female), ca 9-13 μm long stylet, three lines in the lateral field, relatively small (ca 14 μm) and strongly arcuate spicule with recurved and pointed condylus, seven (1 + 2 + 2 + 2) male caudal papillae and club-like female tail with rounded terminus and with or without various shapes of mucro. The new species is close to B. eremus, B. uncispicularis, B. yongensis and several other species possessing a large, recurved and pointed spicular condylus and is distinguished from these species mainly by male spicule, male caudal papillae and female tail morphologies, number of lateral lines and several morphometric values of females and males. Cultured nematodes were used for sequencing the partial (ca 1.6 kbps) small subunit, ITS regions and large subunit of ribosomal DNA for comparisons with those deposited at GenBank. The DNA sequences of the B. clavicauda n. sp. were close to those of B. eggersi, B. eremus, B. tusciae and B. yongensis.

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The Evolution of Life Modes in Stictidaceae, with Three Novel Taxa

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof7020105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 105

Author(s):

Vinodhini Thiyagaraja ◽

Robert Lücking ◽

Damien Ertz ◽

Samantha C. Karunarathna ◽

Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Large Scale ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Monte Carlo Sampling ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽

Character State ◽

Phenotypic Data

Ostropales sensu lato is a large group comprising both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi, with several lineages expressing optional lichenization where individuals of the same fungal species exhibit either saprotrophic or lichenized lifestyles depending on the substrate (bark or wood). Greatly variable phenotypic characteristics and large-scale phylogenies have led to frequent changes in the taxonomic circumscription of this order. Ostropales sensu lato is currently split into Graphidales, Gyalectales, Odontotrematales, Ostropales sensu stricto, and Thelenellales. Ostropales sensu stricto is now confined to the family Stictidaceae, which includes a large number of species that are poorly known, since they usually have small fruiting bodies that are rarely collected, and thus, their taxonomy remains partly unresolved. Here, we introduce a new genus Ostropomyces to accommodate a novel lineage related to Ostropa, which is composed of two new species, as well as a new species of Sphaeropezia, S. shangrilaensis. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of mitochondrial small subunit spacers (mtSSU), large subunit nuclear rDNA (LSU), and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequence data, together with phenotypic data documented by detailed morphological and anatomical analyses, support the taxonomic affinity of the new taxa in Stictidaceae. Ancestral character state analysis did not resolve the ancestral nutritional status of Stictidaceae with confidence using Bayes traits, but a saprotrophic ancestor was indicated as most likely in a Bayesian binary Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling (MCMC) approach. Frequent switching in nutritional modes between lineages suggests that lifestyle transition played an important role in the evolution of this family.

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A NEW SPECIES OF ANTHAXIA FROM SOUTH-WESTERN IRAN (COLEOPTERA, BUPRESTIDAE)

Fragmenta Entomologica ◽

10.4081/fe.2008.100 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 323

Author(s):

Daniele Baiocchi

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Species Group ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Similar Species ◽

Western Iran ◽

A New Species

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) patsyae n. sp. from south-western Iran is herein described and illustrated. It is compared with its most similar species, Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857. The unmistakable pattern of its pronotal sculpture, together with other morphological features, suggest to include this new species in the Anthaxia (Anthaxia) salicis (Fabricius, 1776) “species-group”.

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Morphology, genetic characterization and molecular phylogeny of pinworm Skrjabinema longicaudatum n. sp. (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae) from the endangered Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsonii (Abel) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-020-04430-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Fan Cao ◽

Hui-Xia Chen ◽

Yang Li ◽

Dang-Wei Zhou ◽

Shi-Long Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Sister Relationship ◽

Tibetan Antelope ◽

A New Species

Abstract Background The Tibetan antelope Pantholops hodgsonii (Abel) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) is an endangered species of mammal endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Parasites and parasitic diseases are considered to be important threats in the conservation of the Tibetan antelope. However, our present knowledge of the composition of the parasites of the Tibetan antelope remains limited. Methods Large numbers of nematode parasites were collected from a dead Tibetan antelope. The morphology of these nematode specimens was observed using light and scanning electron microscopy. The nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences, i.e. small subunit ribosomal DNA (18S), large subunit ribosomal DNA (28S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), were amplified and sequenced for molecular identification. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum likelihood (ML) inference based on 28S and 18S + 28S + cox1 sequence data, respectively, in order to clarify the systematic status of these nematodes. Results Integrated morphological and genetic evidence reveals these nematode specimens to be a new species of pinworm Skrjabinema longicaudatum (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae). There was no intraspecific nucleotide variation between different individuals of S. longicaudatum n. sp. in the partial 18S, 28S, ITS and cox1 sequences. However, a high level of nucleotide divergence was revealed between the new species and its congeners in 28S (8.36%) and ITS (20.3–23.7%) regions, respectively. Molecular phylogenetic results suggest that the genus Skrjabinema should belong to the subfamily Oxyurinae (Oxyuroidea: Oxyuridae), instead of the subfamily Syphaciidae or Skrjabinemiinae in the traditional classification, as it formed a sister relationship to the genus Oxyuris. Conclusions A new species of pinworm Skrjabinema longicaudatum n. sp. (Oxyurida: Oxyuridae) is described. Skrjabinema longicaudatum n. sp. represents the first species of Oxyurida (pinworm) and the fourth nematode species reported from the Tibetan antelope. Our results contribute to the knowledge of the species diversity of parasites from the Tibetan antelope, and clarify the systematic position of the genus Skrjabinema.

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Observations on Malenchus geraerti n. sp. (Rhabditida: Tylenchidae), a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4369.3.6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4369 (3) ◽

pp. 406 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MAJID PEDRAM ◽

MAHYA SOLEYMANZADEH ◽

EBRAHIM POURJAM ◽

MAHYAR MOBASSERI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

Northern Iran ◽

Lateral Field ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Short Body

Malenchus geraerti n. sp., recovered from natural regions of northern Iran, is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterized by having females with a short body, an anteriorly wide S-shaped amphidial opening narrowing posteriorly, cuticle with prominent annuli, lateral field a plain band with smooth margins, muscular metacorpus with well-developed valve and corresponding plates, spermatheca filled with small spheroid sperm cells, vulva sunken in body with large epiptygma and no flap, and conical tail tapering gradually to a more or less pointed tip. Males of the new species are characterized by having a short body, tylenchoid spicules, adcloacal bursa with smooth margin and tail similar to that of the female. Morphologically, the new species is similar to five known species of the genus: M. fusiformis, M. machadoi, M. pachycephalus, M. solovjovae and M. undulatus. It most closely resembles M. pachycephalus, but as a cryptic species it can be differentiated using morphological and molecular characteristics. Comparisons with the four other aforementioned species are also discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies using partial sequences of small and large subunit ribosomal DNA fragments reveal that the new species forms a clade with the species M. neosulcus in the small subunit (SSU) rDNA, and two species of Lelenchus in the large subunit (LSU) rDNA tree.

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