Nematodes associated with the invasive quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in the Colorado River Aqueduct reservoirs, southern California, USA

Nematology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole J. Reid ◽  
Oleksandr Holovachov ◽  
Michael A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Nematode Species ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Quagga Mussel ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Quagga Mussels ◽  
Dreissena Rostriformis Bugensis ◽  
Periphyton Community ◽  
First Time

The nematode community inhabiting the mantle cavity of quagga mussels, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis, in Copper Basin Reservoir and Lake Skinner was quantified and compared for the first time with the nematode community from the periphyton surrounding the mussels. Nematode species inhabiting the mantle cavity were also found in the periphyton, while the periphyton community always contained more species than the mantle cavity. Chromadorina bioculata was the dominant species in the mantle cavity and periphyton community in Lake Skinner and Copper Basin Reservoir. Our results suggest that nematodes found inside the mantle cavity of the mollusc do not have obligate symbiotic relationship with quagga mussels, but that they are free-living, entering from the periphyton community into the mantle cavity of the mussel, exhibiting neutralism.

Ten New Records of Free-living Nematodes from Uttarakhand, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Vinita Sharma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Free Living ◽  
First Time

Ten nematode species of order Dorylaimida were recorded for the first time from Uttarakhand during survey of terrestrial nematodes associated with forest trees and medicinal plants in Govind Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, India.

Re-discovery and novel contributions to morphology and multigene phylogeny of Myxophyllum steenstrupi (Ciliophora: Pleuronematida), an obligate symbiont of terrestrial pulmonates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengyue Zhang ◽  
Peter Vďačný
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Multigene Phylogeny ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Obligate Symbiont ◽  
First Time ◽  
Posterior Body Region

Abstract Myxophyllum steenstrupi is a symbiotic ciliate living in the body slime and mantle cavity of terrestrial pulmonates (Gastropoda: Pulmonata). In the present study, M. steenstrupi was re-discovered after almost 30 years and characterized using an integrative morpho-molecular approach for the first time. Myxophyllum is distinguished by a broadly ovate, about 140 × 115 μm-sized body, a nuclear apparatus typically composed of seven macronuclear nodules and a single micronucleus, a central contractile vacuole, a shallow oral cavity situated in the posterior body region and dense somatic ciliature with extensive thigmotactic field. According to the present phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial and five nuclear markers, M. steenstrupi is classified in the predominantly free-living order Pleuronematida (Oligohymenophorea: Scuticociliatia). This order also encompasses other taxa isolated from molluscs and traditionally classified along with Myxophyllum in the order Thigmotrichida. The proper classifications of Myxophyllum was hampered by the dramatic remodelling of its oral apparatus (reduction of the paroral membrane and adoral organelles, formation of vestibular kineties), a transformation that was likely induced by its firm association with terrestrial gastropods. The present study also documents that various ciliate lineages independently became commensals or parasites of various aquatic and terrestrial molluscs.

scholarly journals A preliminary survey of soil nemafauna of Bhagwan Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary, Goa, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15932-15935
Author(s):  
Kiran Gaude ◽  
I.K. Pai
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Free Living ◽  
First Time

Nematological research in India is primarily focussed on major crops and animal parasitic groups, while ignoring free living groups in forest ecosystems.  In the present study, soil nemafauna of Bhagwan Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary, Goa, India was assessed.  A total of 18 genera, 14 families, and five orders were recorded.  Among four orders, Dorylaimida was the most dominant one, which consists of 12 genera and nine families.  Among the 18 genera Sicaguttur, Qudsinema, Microdorylaimus, Longidorella, Paralongidorus, Xiphidorinae, Fuscheila and Chrysonema are reported for the first time from the state.  More such intensive survey will add more numbers of nematode species.  

One new genus and two new free-living nematode species (Desmodorida, Desmodoridae) from the continental margin of New Zealand, Southwest Pacific Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3609 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL LEDUC ◽  
DOMINICK VERSCHELDE
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
Free Living Nematode ◽  
First Time

One new genus and two new species of the family Desmodoridae are described from the upper continental slope of New Zealand, at 350–1240 m water depths. Onepunema gen. n. is characterised by a striated head capsule, small buccal cavity without teeth, and presence of two testes. Onepunema gen. n. can be differentiated from all other genera of the family by the presence of two testes, which is an exception to the holapomorphic character (i.e. monorchic males) of the Desmodoroidea. Onepunema enigmaticum gen. et sp. n. shares characters typical of the subfamilies Spiriniinae (small buccal cavity without distinct teeth) and Desmodorinae (presence of head capsule). Onepunema gen. n. is placed within the Desmodorinae based on the latter trait, which is never found within the Spiriniinae. The type species, Onepunema enigmaticum gen. et sp. n., is characterised by the presence of two laterodorsal and two lateroventral rows of pores with conspicuous ducts, slender pharynx with rounded terminal bulb, presence of two types of cells in intestinal epithelium, and presence of four or five pre-cloacal supplements consisting of thickened areas of cuticle in males. The genus Pseudonchus is recorded for the first time from the deep sea (1240 m water depth) and from the New Zealand region. Pseudonchus virginiae sp. n. is characterised by its stout body, short cephalic setae, monospiral amphideal fovea, short arcuate spicules with capitulum, five regularly-spaced precloacal setae, and short conical tail. A key to all known valid species of the genus Pseudonchus is provided.

scholarly journals ВІЛЬНОЖИВУЧІ МОРСЬКІ НЕМАТОДИ ПРИБЕРЕЖНОЇ ЗОНИ О. ЗМІЇНИЙ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ШЕЛЬФУ ЧОРНОГО МОРЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
I. I. Kulakova ◽  
L. V. Vorobyova
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Marine Nematodes ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Nematode Assemblage ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
First Time

The species diversity, quantitative parameters and spatial distribution of the free-living marine nematodes in the meiobenthic community of the coastal zone area near the Snake Island, Black Sea, Ukraine shelf, have been studied for the first time. In total of 47 species from 5 orders, 14 families and 31 genera were registered. The representatives of orders Monhysterida and Enoplida were most abundant. The results of the comparative analysis of nematode assemblage in dependence of the substrate type are described. The percentage of nematodes in total meiobenthos in piers fouling consisted of 16% only, but on silt bottoms it reached 60.8%. The species diversity also increases on silt bottoms. Four nematode species are registered in piers fouling, but 36 on silts. The omnivores-carnivores consisted of 50% of the nematode assemblage in piers fouling. On silts, the percentage of non-selective deposit feeders reached 47%, but epistrate feeders decreased up to 14%.

Perspiria boucheri sp. nov. (Nematoda, Desmodorida) from the East China Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4695 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
JING SUN ◽  
HONGXIU ZHAI ◽  
YONG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
East China ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Marine Nematode ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Free Living ◽  
China Sea

A new free-living marine nematode species from marine sediments in the East China Sea, is described here as Perspiria boucheri sp. nov. The new species is characterized by amphideal fovea surrounded partially by body annulations; four cephalic setae stout; conical buccal cavity with a minute dorsal tooth and two ventrosublateral teeth; pharynx with a pyriform terminal bulb; tail elongated, conical with 3/4 posterior cylindrical portion which having distinct coarse annulations; spicules strongly curved with narrow ventral velum, handle-shaped proximally; gubernaculum canoe-shaped, without apophysis. The new species differs from the most similar species Perspiria striaticaudata (Timm, 1962) by strongly curved spicules with handle-shaped proximal end, gubernaculum without dorsal apophysis and relatively shorter tail. Updated key to all species of Perspiria is provided. 

scholarly journals First Report of Echinococcus ortleppi in Free-Living Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1256
Author(s):  
Teresa Letra Mateus ◽  
Maria João Gargaté ◽  
Anabela Vilares ◽  
Idalina Ferreira ◽  
Manuela Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
One Health ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Free Living ◽  
First Report ◽  
Wildlife Reservoirs ◽  
First Time ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis that is prevalent worldwide. It is considered endemic in Portugal but few studies have been performed on Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and their hosts. In this study, CE cysts are reported for the first time in a free-living wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Portugal. The presence of the metacestodes in the liver of the wild boar was identified by morphological features, microscopic examination and molecular analysis. The sequencing of part of the DNA nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) region revealed a G5 genotype that presently corresponds to Echinococcus ortleppi. This is the first report of E. ortleppi in Portugal and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, in Europe. These results suggest that wild boar may be a host of CE, namely, crossing the livestock–wildlife interface, which has important public health implications. Wildlife reservoirs must be taken into account as CE hosts and surveillance of game as well as health education for hunters should be implemented using a One Health approach, with implementation of feasible and tailor-made control strategies, namely, proper elimination of byproducts in the field.

Panagrellus levitatus sp. n. (Rhabditida: Panagrolaimidae), a nematode suppressing Drosophila melanogaster in laboratory cultures

Nematology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanova ◽  
Ksenia Perfilieva ◽  
Sergei Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
New Species ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
Red Palm Weevil ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
First Time

A new nematode species recovered from the laboratory culture ofDrosophila melanogasteris described and illustrated. The mass reproduction ofPanagrellus levitatussp. n. in the fly culture occurred several times and resulted in a significant reduction of the fly population. Nematode outbreaks happened after the introduction ofD. melanogasterto the culture from natural sources. The new species is morphologically similar toP. ulmi. Partial LSU rDNA and SSU rDNA sequences were obtained and subjected to phylogenetic analysis that demonstrated the affinity of the new species withPanagrellussp. ‘MC2014’ from a red palm weevil. For the first time, the dauer juveniles ofPanagrelluswere described.

Arthropods in the nests of lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina)

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Krištofík ◽  
Peter Mašán ◽  
Zbyšek Šustek ◽  
Dušan Karaska
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Group ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Aquila Pomarina ◽  
Investigation Period ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn 2001–2007, altogether 57 nests of lesser spotted eagle were collected in the Orava region in northwestern Slovakia and four groups of arthropods were extracted from them. Richest in number of species and individuals were mites (23 species, 17,500 ind.), followed by beetles (12 species, 725 ind.), whereas pseudoscorpions were represented only by Pselaphochernes scorpioides (39 ind.) and fleas by Ceratophyllus garei (3 ind.). Unlike nests of other birds, free-living mites predominated in the nests fauna (83% of individuals), followed by nidicolous species with more or less free relationship to the nests, while parasitic species represented only a negligible part of the fauna. For the first time we observed phoresy of Nenteria pandioni, a specific and abundant mite in the eagles’ nests, on the nidicolous staphylinid Haploglossa puncticollis. The beetle fauna in the nests was much poorer than in nests of other birds. The predatory H. puncticollis was dominant in the nests (83%) and occurred continuously during the whole investigation period. Other beetles, even the widely distributed nidicols such as the histerid Gnathoncus buyssoni, were found rarely in nests. Predators were also the only abundant trophic group of beetles in the nests, while other trophic groups of beetles abundantly co-occur in nests of majority of other birds. The occurrence of all beetles was very unevenly distributed during the investigation period, but was positively correlated with occurrence of mites. The relatively low number of species and individuals of mites and beetles in the lesser spotted eagle nests resulted from their position on tree tops, at a height of 20–30 m and their quick drying out by sun and wind. It was also indicated by an enormously low number of species and individuals of mycetophagous beetles, which represent a significant component of the fauna in nests of other birds.

A Physiological Comparison of the Symbiotic Alga Platymonas Convolutae and its Free-Living Relatives

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Gooday
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Symbiotic Alga ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Unialgal Culture ◽  
Convoluta Roscoffensis

Platymonas convolutae Parke et Manton is the natural algal partner of the symbiotic worm Convoluta roscoffensis Graff (Parke & Manton 1967). Recent work by Provasoli, Yamasu & Manton (1968) has shown that although several algae can form a symbiotic relationship with the worm if supplied in unialgal culture, the natural symbiont is the most effective and is able to eliminate competitors. The alga can be cultured in a denned medium away from its partner, and this paper presents some physiological characteristics of the alga in pure culture in comparison with some of its free-living relatives, in particular the type species of the genus Platymonas, P. tetrathele G. S. West. The present investigation has been concerned mainly with the uptake of carbohydrates and the utilization of organic nitrogen. Other aspects that are included are the excretion of metabolites into the medium and the soluble carbohydrates found within the algae. In addition, culturing the algae has revealed a difference in behaviour of possible relevance to the symbiotic relationship.

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