scholarly journals Early Modern Ottoman Science: A New Materialist Framework

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Harun Küçük
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Material Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Science ◽  
Programmatic Statement

Abstract This article is a programmatic statement advocating a materialist reading of early modern Ottoman science. I argue that a history of science that is sensitive to the material life of Ottoman subjects will help scholars cut through the unwarranted vocabulary of “Islamic science,” “Westernization” or “Ottoman civilization.” Two mini studies substantiate the programmatic claims. The first study presents a preliminary reinterpretation of the earliest mention of Copernican astronomy in Turkish, dated 1662. The second study reveals the maritime and mercantile genealogy of the eighteenth-century Ottoman prayer compass.

Reframing the Sciences of the Long Eighteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Giuliano Pancaldi
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century ◽  
Past Half

Here I survey a sample of the essays and reviews on the sciences of the long eighteenth century published in this journal since it was founded in 1969. The connecting thread is some historiographic reflections on the role that disciplines—in both the sciences we study and the fields we practice—have played in the development of the history of science over the past half century. I argue that, as far as disciplines are concerned, we now find ourselves a bit closer to a situation described in our studies of the long eighteenth century than we were fifty years ago. This should both favor our understanding of that period and, hopefully, make the historical studies that explore it more relevant to present-day developments and science policy. This essay is part of a special issue entitled “Looking Backward, Looking Forward: HSNS at 50,” edited by Erika Lorraine Milam.

Between History and Nature

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Waldow
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Hermeneutic Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
The Way

From within the philosophy of history and history of science alike, attention has been paid to Herder’s naturalist commitment and especially to the way in which his interest in medicine, anatomy, and biology facilitates philosophically significant notions of force, organism, and life. As such, Herder’s contribution is taken to be part of a wider eighteenth-century effort to move beyond Newtonian mechanism and the scientific models to which it gives rise. In this scholarship, Herder’s hermeneutic philosophy—as it grows out of his engagement with poetry, drama, and both literary translation and literary documentation projects—has received less attention. Taking as its point of departure Herder’s early work, this chapter proposes that, in his work on literature, Herder formulates an anthropologically sensitive approach to the human sciences that has still not received the attention it deserves.

A Note on the Shipbuilding in Bengal in the Late Eighteenth Century

Itinerario ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaswati Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Indian Ocean Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Both overseas trade and shipbuilding in India are of great antiquity. But even for the early modern period, maritime commerce is relatively better documented than the shipbuilding industry. When the Portuguese and later the North Europeans entered the intra-Asian trade, many of the ships they employed in order to supplement their shipping in Asia were obtained from the Indian dockyards. Detailed evidence with regard to shipbuilding, however, is very rare. It has been pointed out that the Portuguese in the sixteenth century were more particular than their North-European counter-parts in the following centuries in providing information on seafaring and shipbuilding. Shipbuilding on the west coast has been discussed more than that on the eastern coast of India, particularly the coast of Bengal. Though Bengal had a long tradition of shipbuilding, direct evidence of shipbuilding in the region is rare. Many changes were brought about in the history of India and the Indian Ocean trade of the eighteenth century, especially after the 1750s. When the English became the largest carriers of Bengal's trade with other parts of Asia, this had an impact on the shipbuilding in Bengal. It was in their interest that the British in Bengal had their ships built in that province.

scholarly journals KATEGORIALE SAMLINGER: Eller hvordan man fik indført en vis orden i universet i det 18. århundredes

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Winther Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vantage Points

Following the zoologists of eighteenthcentury Britain from the field to the study this article investigates how animals were categorised in the grand taxonomic systems of the day. The article analyses the epistemological, social and cosmological underpinnings of this particular kind of classificatory collections, showing both how the notions of specimens, species, genera, orders and classes of the taxonomic systems as well as the methods of categorisation were culturally framed, and how the categorisation of animals entailed a categorisation of humans well. The article hence deals with the categorial collections of eighteenth-century zoology from the vantage points of both a history of science and an anthropology of the “totemic” perspective.  

scholarly journals KONSEP ILMU PENGETAHUAN SYED HUSSEIN NASHR: SUATU TELAAH RELASI SAINS DAN AGAMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Syarif Hidayatullah
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Western World ◽  
Grand Narrative ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Sacred Values ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Science ◽  
Relationship Of

Syed Hussein Nashr is one of the leading scholars in the field of science and religion relations,  especially in Islamic  world. A study on Nashr’s thought in this field is an important and necessary effort to understand one of the aspects that contribute particualrly to the development of sciences in the Islamic world, and in the Western world generally. The article aims to understand (1) Syed Hussein Nashr’s concept on science? And (2) the relevance of Nashr’s concept on science to the development of discourses in science and religion? This study focuses on Nashr’sconcept on science and its relevance to the development of the science and religion discourse. This study deploys a framework of philosophy of science, while applying descriptive and analitycal methodological approach. This study finds that: first, Nashr’s concept on science bases it self on the principle of unity, that is a concept of one-ness and inter-relationship of all beings, which allows integration of knowledge and action of human being into harmony. Nashr offers idea of sacred knowledge (scientia sacra) to allow the sacred values embeded in Islamic teaching to spiritualize modern sciences which are developed in the Western world. Secondly, Nashr was the first Muslim scholar who wrote a comprehensive work about history of science in Islam. His influence is attributed to his contribution to the dicsussion of science and to a grand narrative, namely, Islamization of knowledge or Islamic science, that had become a major scholarly debate among Muslim scholars.

scholarly journals Rekontekstualisasi Pemikiran Seyyed Hossein Nasr tentang Bangunan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Pendidikan Islam

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Asfa Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
History Of Science ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
The Third ◽  
Philosophical Basis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Islamic Science ◽  
East And West ◽  
Compe Tence

This article discusses the conception of science and its significance for the reconstruction of Islamic educat-ion, by analyzing and contextualizing the thoughts of Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Nasr is considered a figure who has compe-tence in history of science and philosophy with special emphasis on Islamic science and philosophy. In the earlier phase of his life, he acquainted himself with the thoughts of prominent thinkers both from East and West, and with the very issue of the encounter between East and West. This position makes the thoughts of Nasr on science having their distinctive character. The first part of this paper investigates the construct and characteristics of Islamic science as well as the hierarchy and the idea of unity in Islamic science. The second part of this paper is dealing with the reformulation of philosophical basis of Islamic education, most specifically in the domain of ontology, epistemology and axiology. The third is dealing with the attempts of reconstructing the system of Islamic education, most notably pertaining to the aim of education, educator, student, means of education, and milieu of education.

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