Rhetorical analysis and sociological analysis in historical Jesus research

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
L. Gregory Bloomquist
Keyword(s):  
Acts Of The Apostles ◽  
Gospel Of Luke ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Rhetorical Value ◽  
Level I ◽  
Social Scientific

AbstractIn this article I suggest ways in which rhetorical analysis can complement sociological analysis of early Christianity. On the basis of a universally acknowledged saying of Jesus ("blessed are you poor"), I suggest that those who use social scientific perspectives need to clarify more accurately the levels of data from which they are working (i.e., when they are working with probably early material, possibly the words of Jesus himself, and when they are working with the later elaboration of the traditional material) and to identify the rhetorical value of each level. I then show how, contrary to sociological analysis that depicts Jesus as merely proclaiming reversal, the historical Jesus proclaimed a reversal that had already happened but one that was away from God's intended order: what the historical Jesus was calling for was a future restoration to a state that existed before the reversal. Attention to the rhetorical nature of his follower's use of this proclamation, however, shows that when the author of the Gospel of Luke and the Lukan Acts of the Apostles uses the language of reversal and restoration, he now does so to describe what was happening not primarily vis-à-vis "the world" but in their own, now Christian communities. Jesus' message of reversal of the fate of the poor becomes in this way the Lukan message of the apostolic governance of that reversal, that is, the broker's (the apostolic leadership's, after the model of Jesus) dispensation of the patron's (God's) resources.

scholarly journals Methods and models in the quest for the historical Jesus: Historical criticism and/or social scientific criticism

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andries Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
High Level

In this article a distinction is made between social scientific criticism and historiography. Historiography describes what is unrepeatable, specific and particular. Social scientific criticism is to some extent a phenomenological approach. On a high level of abstraction, it focuses on ideal types. The historiographical quest for Jesus is about the plausibility of a continuity or a discontinuity existing between the Jesus of history and the Jesus of faith. This approach has been broadened by the interdisciplinary application of the results of archaeological, sociohistorical, and cultural anthropological studies of the world of the historical  Jesus. But it does not mean that historical-critical research as such is now dismissed. The aim of the article is to argue that social scientific criticism can complement a historical-critical analysis.

scholarly journals Hermeneutiese uitgangspunte in historiese-Jesus navorsing, Deel 1: Sosiaal-wetenskaplike vooronderstellings P A Geyser

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Geyser
Keyword(s):  
Historical Jesus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Agrarian Society ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Social Conditioning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific

Hermeneutical premises in historical Jesus research, Part 1:social-scientific presuppositions. The aim of this article is to reflect on social-scientific theoies, models and methods in historical Jesus research. The discussion focuses on ive epistemological aspects. The first aspect is the social conditioning of the epistemological process. All knowledge is socially conditioned and perspectival in nature. The second aspect is the situational discourse of the interpreter and the object of investigation. The third aspect concerns the process of knowing where theories and models are discussed. Distinctions are drawn between paradigms, theories, models and methods. Heuristics is the fourth matter to be discussed. Three approaches are evaluated critically: deduction, induction and abduction. Fifthly, the world of the Bible will be considered as a pre-industrial and advanced agrarian society.

Послестолетийодиночества:изменение социальнойпсихологиисирийскиххристианвновоевремя

2019 ◽  
pp. 218-255
Author(s):  
T.Yu. Kobischanov
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychological Transformation ◽  
History Of

Quite often in the course of historical events, social and economic changes obscure the changes in cultural psychology of ethnic groups and their representatives. The historical science explains what happened, how and why it was happening but very rarely gives us a chance to understand what people were feeling in this respect, what processes were going on in their individual and common consciousness and in the subconscious. The drama that the Christians of the Middle East are going through, the final act of which we are probably witnessing these days, urges us to look for its roots in the distant past. The Ottoman period in the history of East Christian communities is of particular significance. The Middle East Christians got under the Turkish rule as a discriminated minority pushed out on the curb of sociopolitical life, but by the beginning of the 20th century the Christians of the Middle East as a whole, and Christian communities of Syria and Lebanon in particular, were flourishing and were perfectly well adapted to possibilities that inclusion of the Ottoman state into the world capitalist system had to offer. The upgrade of the Christians status was accompanied by gradual changes in their social psychology including self identification of the members of the Christian communities, remodelling of their behaviour patterns in everyday life and in conflict situations as well as psychology of introconfessional relations. This research is an attempt to describe and analyse this cultural and psychological transformation.Нередко в ходе исторических событий социальноэкономические изменения затмевают изменения в культурной психологии этнических групп и их представителей. Историческая наука объясняет, что произошло, как и почему это происходило, но очень редко дает нам возможность понять, что чувствовали люди в этом отношении, какие процессы происходили в их индивидуальном и общем сознании и в подсознании. Драма, которую переживают христиане Ближнего Востока, заключительный акт которой мы, вероятно, наблюдаем в эти дни, побуждает нас искать ее корни в далеком прошлом. Османский период в истории восточных христианских общин имеет особое значение. Ближневосточные христиане попали под турецкое правление как дискриминируемое меньшинство, вытесненное на обочину общественнополитической жизни, но к началу 20 века христиане Ближнего Востока в целом, и христианские общины Сирии и Ливана в частности, процветали и были прекрасно приспособлены к возможностям, которые могло предложить включение Османского государства в мировую капиталистическую систему. Обновление статуса христиан сопровождалось постепенными изменениями в их социальной психологии, включая самоидентификацию членов христианских общин, перестройку их моделей поведения в повседневной жизни и в конфликтных ситуациях, а также психологию внутриконфессиональных отношений. Это исследование является попыткой описать и проанализировать эту культурную и психологическую трансформацию.

The roles of rhetoric in the public understanding of science

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
Public Understanding Of Science ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Contextual Model ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
The Public ◽  
Science Rhetoric ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
Social Scientific

In the public understanding of science, rhetoric has two distinct roles: it is both a theory capable of analysing public understanding and an activity capable of creating it. In its analytical role, rhetoric reveals two dominant models of public understanding: the deficit model and the contextual model. In the deficit model, rhetoric acts in the minor role of creating public understanding by accommodating the facts and methods of science to public needs and limitations. In the contextual model, rhetoric and rhetorical analysis play major roles. Rhetorical analysis provides an independent source of evidence to secure social scientific claims; in addition, it supplies the grounds for a rhetoric of reconstruction, one that reconstitutes the fact and facts of science in the public interest.

The Movements of the Jerusalem Church During the First Jewish War

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara C. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Acts Of The Apostles ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Prestige

Under the leadership of James the Lord's brother the Christian Church at Jerusalem was probably the most influential of all existing Christian communities. It could boast a system of internal organisation under authoritative resident leaders; it was an important missionary centre, despatching apostles and recalling them, or sending advisors to them when they were in difficulties. Neither the prestige nor the destiny of the Jerusalem Church were the immediate concern of the author of the Acts of the Apostles, and it is Hegesippus who keeps us informed of its progress. The stability of that Church was apparently shattered shortly after the death of James, when the Jews revolted against the Romans and ‘immediately Vespasian attacked them’. We hear no more about the Jerusalem Church directly from Hegesippus until he tells of a meeting convened to elect a successor to James, and Eusebius tells us that this meeting took place after Jerusalem had been taken in A.D. 70.

Correctional Rehabilitation and Human Functioning: An Embodied, Embedded, and Enactive Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Harry Dent
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Treatment Utility ◽  
Enactive Approach ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
The World ◽  
Correctional Rehabilitation ◽  
Risk Need Responsivity ◽  
Level I ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adaptive Relationship

<p>In order for correctional rehabilitation practices to be maximally effective, they should be grounded in well-developed psychological theory about the causes, development, and nature of crime. This thesis argues that these theories of crime should be based in an underlying perspective of human functioning, or how people work at a fundamental level. I argue that this level of theory has been neglected in theories of crime, as demonstrated through an evaluation of the Risk-Need-Responsivity model of rehabilitation, which currently stands as the most popular and widely used rehabilitation framework throughout much of the world. This perspective is understood to implicitly present a view of functioning which is reward-oriented, multifactorial, norm-based, and modular, resulting in limited explanatory value and diminished treatment efficacy. I then suggest an alternative model of functioning as being embodied, embedded, and enactive (3e). 3e places an emphasis on the individual as an embodied whole, in an adaptive relationship with their physical and social environment. 3e prioritises the affective experience and agency of the individual, with a commitment to viewing the person as a functional whole drawing on comprehensive multilevel explanations. I outline how this perspective could be used to inform the explanation of crime, before applying the model to an exemplar to demonstrate the potential treatment utility of a 3e approach to correctional rehabilitation, as opposed to an RNR approach.</p>

Prayer as the “Lifeline of Theology”

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283
Author(s):  
Marilyn McCord Adams
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Partnership Models ◽  
Human Family

The thesis of this essay is that—before writing—theologians should get to know their subject matter. Prayer is the lifeline of theology, because God is the subject matter of theology and prayer is our way of being in the world with God. Developing this idea first with human family and partnership models brings out how multifaceted prayer is, and how it is a way of being in the world not only for individuals but for Christian communities. Applying these observations to the task of theology, the essay attempts to clarify the thesis by answering the charge that it makes theology perniciously subjective.

scholarly journals A Sociology of Foreign Aid and the World Society

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Swiss
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
World Society ◽  
World Society Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
New Research ◽  
Society Research

This article highlights an emerging research agenda for the study of foreign aid through a World Society theory lens. First, it briefly summarizes the social scientific literature on aid and sociologists' earlier contributions to this research. Next, it reviews the contours of world society research and the place of aid within this body of literature. Finally, it outlines three emergent threads of research on foreign aid that comprise a new research agenda for the sociology of foreign aid and its role in world society globalization.

scholarly journals Una Historia De Larga Duración: La Navidad

Xihmai ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Barceló Quintal
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Catholic Church

RESUMEN Actualmente, para la mayorí­a de los pueblos del planeta, los doce dí­as relacionados con la fiesta de Navidad representan el nacimiento de Jesús en Belén. Sus antecedentes se remontan a casi 4,000 años, cuando estas fiestas estaban relacionadas con la renovación de la naturaleza. Es hasta 345 años después de la muerte de Cristo, cuando el papa Julio I, fijó como fecha del natalicio de Cristo el 25 de diciembre. No sólo la Iglesia católica participó en la historia de esta festividad, en ella entran los pueblos mediterráneos de Europa, Asia y África; y más tarde las culturas americanas hicieron su parte para incorporar nuevos elementos a esta tradición. Abstract For the majority of Christian communities in the world, the twelve days related to the cele­bration of Christmas represent the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem. The antecedents of this story reach back almost 4,000 years when the celebrations were related to the rebirth of nature. Pope Julius I fixed the 25th of December as Christ’s birth date 345 years after His death. The Catholic Church is not the only participant in the history of the celebration; communities in Mediterranean Europe, Asia and Africa also participated. Later, American cultures have also contributed new elements to the tradition.

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